盒饭中蜡样芽孢杆菌的检测与鉴定研究

目的:对样品中分离的蜡样芽孢杆菌进行分析,为蜡样芽孢杆菌检测提供数据依据,探索蜡样芽孢杆菌最准确、最简便的鉴定方法。方法:使用VITEK 2 compact、根状生长试验和蛋白质毒素结晶试验鉴定蜡样芽孢杆菌,采用单盒生化鉴定管进行生化分型。结果:VITEK 2 compact结合根状生长试验以及蛋白质毒素结晶试验可以准确鉴定出不同菌体形态的蜡样芽孢杆菌。在甘露醇卵黄多粘菌素琼脂(MYP)平板上典型蜡样芽孢杆菌菌体形态有多种类型时应该选取有代表性的数量进行鉴定,蛋白质毒素结晶试验中菱形蛋白结晶体的判断是区分苏云金芽孢杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌的关键性确证指标。     

肥料；肥料制造

一种微生物复合菌剂及其制备方法与应用公开号:CN101054552公开日:2007.10.17申请人:清华大学本发明公开了一种微生物复合菌剂及其制备方法与应用。该菌剂由一次发酵菌剂和二次发酵菌剂组成,一次发酵菌剂的活性成分为水生栖热菌、嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌、嗜热球杆菌、强壮类芽孢杆菌和酸热芽孢杆菌中的一株或几株菌的组合,每株菌20～100份;二次发酵菌剂的活性成分为巴氏芽孢     

浓缩苹果汁中耐热耐酸菌的检验

对197批浓缩苹果汁样品进行耐热耐酸菌检测,从其中的108批中分离培养出可疑菌落,经鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌,检出率54.8%.筛选出适应出口浓缩苹果汁中耐热耐酸菌的检验方法.     

苏云金芽孢杆菌的鉴定

为了探索苏云金芽孢杆菌的鉴定方法,可利用传统的生化试验结合全自动生化分析仪和基因指纹分析系统来检测,并简单分析每种方法的优劣性。传统的生化试验耗时比较长,利用VITECK-2-compact或者Ribo Printer系统进行鉴定,耗时较短,需要补充革兰氏染色镜检和蛋白毒素结晶试验才可以鉴定。     

年产1000吨防治棉铃虫的Bt杀虫剂固体发酵工厂生产可行性报告

<正> 1 苏芸金芽孢杆菌杀虫剂简介 苏芸金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,简称Bt)杀虫剂是目前国内外研究最深入、产量最大、应用最广、最有发展前景的一种无公害生物杀虫剂。它对鳞翅目、双翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目、等翅目、蠊目和直翅目等七个目500余种昆虫具有不同程度的毒     

蛴螬高毒力苏云金芽孢杆菌研究

苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,简称Bt)能产生具有强烈杀虫作用的晶体蛋白(insecticidal crystal pro-tein,ICP),对鳞翅目、鞘翅目、双翅目、膜翅目、同翅目等节肢动物,以及动植物线虫、蜱螨等都具有特异性的毒杀活性,而对非目标生物安全。目前,通过现代生物技术和基因工程的方法对苏云金芽孢杆菌进行改造,扩大其杀虫谱,提高杀虫毒力,使多种因素和成分发挥作用,害虫不易产生抗药性,避免了化学农药所带来的环境污染和抗性问题。     

可食性大蒜素/淀粉抑菌膜的制备及性能研究

本研究以淀粉膜为基质,以甘油和海藻酸钠为增塑剂,大蒜素为抑菌剂制备淀粉抑菌膜,并测试抑菌剂、膜液和膜等的相关性能。结果表明:大蒜素对酵母菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为0.05μL·mL~(-1)、2.5μL·mL~(-1)、0.63μL·mL~(-1)。将大蒜素添加到淀粉膜液中制成膜后,对酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度增加至10 mg·g~(-1)、80 mg·g~(-1),而对大肠杆菌无明显的抑菌效果。通过比较淀粉膜和抑菌膜的抗拉性能、透过性、红外光谱检测及膜液的流变性、接触角等性能,抑菌剂对基质影响较小。     

镇远陈年道菜的制作工艺及乳酸菌的分离与鉴定

镇远陈年道菜是黔菜中著名的腌菜制品,使用食用盐和棒菜作为原料进行发酵。本文通过对发酵前期样品中乳酸菌进行分离和鉴定,共分离得到2株菌株,通过对菌落形态、微生物个体形态、生化特性的鉴定,所得菌株分别为坚强芽孢杆菌(Bacillus firmus)和凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)。     

高效保水微生物肥料的研制及应用研究

成果简介 该项目通过优化巨大芽孢杆菌和胶冻样芽孢杆菌的发酵工艺，生产出了高浓度发酵液，从而制成高含量的固体菌剂（拌种粉剂，基施颗粒剂）。其次通过对高吸水树脂最佳合成条件的选择建立起更合理的合成工艺，生产出了高质量的吸水树脂。最终通过合理的物理掺混制成了高含量、高纯度的优质保水微生物肥料拌种粉剂和基施颗粒剂。[第一段]     

关于色谱检测技术在农产品检测中的应用研究

食品是人类生存最根本的需要,食品安全对消费者的安全有着直接的影响。一旦食品安全出现问题,将会对人体产生巨大的威胁,严重情况下甚至还会导致人出现死亡。究其原因发现,主要是食品中包含较多的微生物食源性致病菌,如芽孢杆菌以及致泻大肠埃希氏菌等,以及大量的农药残留物、化肥残留物等。上述物质对人体的危害性高,因此需对食品进行相关的检测工作,特别是农产品的检测,以期降低农产品残留物对人体的危害。基于此,研究在农产品的相关检测工作中应用色谱检测技术。     

十二种食源性致病菌可见光基因芯片检测方法的建立

[目的]利用可见光基因芯片技术,针对12种常见食源性致病菌,建立快速、准确、高通量的诊断方法。[方法]设计靶细菌16S rDNA和23S rDNA的通用引物,反向引物5’端标记生物素;特异寡核苷酸探针设计在两对引物之间的可变区,5’端标记氨基基团。将探针点样于固相载体制备基因芯片,优化PCR反应体系后,PCR产物与芯片点制探针区域进行杂交,然后通过化学显色直接观察结果,并评价反应体系的特异性、灵敏度、重复性等指标。收集临床样本28例,同时制备双盲模拟污染样本10例,对检测方法进一步评价。[结果]：本试验所建立的基因芯片方法可同时检测志贺菌、耶尔森氏菌、沙门菌、腊样芽孢杆菌、空肠弯曲菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、霍乱弧菌、副溶血性弧菌、单增李氏菌、布鲁氏菌、变形杆菌、肠出血性大肠杆菌O157：H7等12种食源性致病菌,特异性高,操作简便;针对纯培养食源性致病菌反应体系的灵敏度为10^3cfu/mL,模拟样本的灵敏度为10^4cfu/mL;重复性好;采用可见光基因芯片方法检测28例临床样本,26例与常规培养方法结果完全一致,符合率达到92.9%;双盲模拟样本的检测符合率达到100%。     

The extent of marketability and consumer preferences for traditional leafy vegetables – a case study at selected markets in Ghana

This paper reports on a survey conducted at two major marketing centres in Ghana; Tamale in the dry savannah zone and Kumasi in the forest zone. One hundred traders were interviewed using a semi‐structured questionnaire and focus groups discussions held on traders’ perceptions and consumer preferences, relative importance and indigenous nutritional knowledge of traditional leafy vegetables (TLVs). The survey established that, with the exception of Xanthosoma mafafa (cocoyam leaves), inter‐market distribution of TLVs is limited because of their perishable nature, narrow utilization base and lack of storage techniques. Socio‐culturally related factors limiting the distribution of TLVs include regional diversity and ethnic differences in the dietary patterns of the Ghanaian populace, inadequate knowledge about the methods of preparations as well as nutritional and medicinal values of TLVs. The most preferred TLVs as reflected in the consumers’ buying behaviour and traders’ perceptions are Xanthosoma mafafa (cocoyam leaves), Corchorus spp.(Ayoyo), Amaranthus spp (Alefu) and Hibicus sabdariffa (Bra). The order of preference in the forest zone is Xanthosoma mafafa (cocoyam leaves) > Corchorus spp.(Ayoyo) > Amaranthus spp (Alefu) > Hibicus sabdariffa (Bra), while the reverse order pertains in the savannah zone.     

婴幼儿食品微生物及微生物毒素调查分析

对婴幼儿食品（配方乳粉、补充谷物、饼干和罐头）分别进行微生物污染以及微生物毒素调查。调查结果表明：357份婴幼儿食品均未检出沙门氏菌和单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌;11份婴幼儿配方乳粉、1份补充谷物和1份饼干食品中检出坂崎肠杆菌,检出率分别为4.2%,2.4%和2.5%;检出1份补充谷物菌落总数超过国家标准最高安全限量值。13份婴幼儿配方乳粉和3份补充谷物检出肠杆菌科细菌,检出率分别为32.5%和7.1%;14份（婴幼儿）配方乳粉、2份婴幼儿罐头检出蜡样芽孢杆菌,检出率分别为35%和20%;1份婴幼儿配方乳粉检出黄曲霉毒素M1超标。婴幼儿食品存在微生物及其微生物毒素污染的风险,应加强对婴幼儿食品的致病微生物及其毒素的监测和监管。     

Does price reflect emotional,structural or performance quality?

Three denim jeans products from the same manufacturer with differentiated pricing and labels (antiqued, sandblasted, and stonewashed) were used to determine the relationship between price and quality. Both qualitative and quantitative procedures were used to analyse the garments. All three jeans were made of twill weave with 3 × 1 repeat. Both structural and performance characteristics were compared using standardized tests. Analysis of variance was used to compare the selected structural and performance characteristics among the three jeans products. Tukey’s HSD tests were used for post hoc multiple comparisons for three jeans. The findings revealed that despite the fact that all three jeans products were from the same store, and that the fabrics used the same weave, degree and direction of twist, the jeans differed significantly for several structural and performance characteristics. Several possibilities for future research were explored.     

醋酸乙酯市场及技术概况

简要介绍了国外醋酸乙酯的生产及消费情况.介绍了近几年国内醋酸乙酯的产能、产量、进出口和消费量情况.列举了国内外几种生产工艺,对国内技术概况及国内主要工艺进行了对比.详细作了目前国内醋酸乙酯项目的竞争力分析,提出发展建议.     

酶联免疫法与液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产中氯霉素残留

运用酶联免疫法和液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产中的氯霉素残留。结果显示,ELISA法最低检测限为0.0125μg/kg,鱼、虾、贝类样本的添加回收率为80.4%-101.3%,变异系数为5.7%-11.5%;LC-MS/MS法最低检测限为0.1μg/kg,样本添加回收率为82.7%-98.2%,变异系数为6.2%-9.7%。用酶联免疫法对实际样品进行检测,筛选出5个阳性样本,经液相色谱-串联质谱法确证亦为阳性,且测定结果一致。研究表明,酶联免疫法快速、灵敏、可靠,为水产品中氯霉素的残留检测提供了快速筛选方法,而液相色谱-串联质谱法准确度高,适用于阳性样本的确证和精确定量。     

电子电气产品中铅、镉和铬测量的不确定度评定

本文对电子电气产品中铅、镉、铬测量的不确定度进行了评定。用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定电子电气产品中铅、镉、铬含量,通过对影响样品测量结果的不确定度分量的分析和量化,计算出被测量（铅、镉、铬含量）的标准不确定度和扩展不确定度,从而给出各分量对总测量不确定度的相对贡献,并对测量结果进行了表述。     

Food consumption patterns,dietary quality and health status of expectant mothers: case studies in suburban and rural communities in Ghana

The study was conducted to determine the food consumption patterns, dietary quality and health status of expectant women and also to assess their level of awareness of nutritional requirements during pregnancy. Food beliefs, taboos and superstitions held by the women were also investigated. Using the purposive sampling technique, 30 pregnant women attending the Maternal and Child Health Clinic at Dodowa (rural) and University Hospital, Legon (suburban), were selected for the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on the respondents’ nutritional knowledge, beliefs, taboos and superstitions and health status. A food frequency questionnaire and the 24‐h dietary recall method were used to obtain information on food consumption patterns and dietary quality. The study revealed that, although the majority of the respondents (83.3%) had some knowledge of nutrition, not all were applying it in their feeding practices because of financial constraints. With regard to consumption patterns, most of the women (83.3%) were having three meals a day, while the rest either ate twice a day or anytime they were hungry. Seventy‐three per cent of the respondents also increased their food intake during pregnancy. Foods eaten were based mainly on starchy roots and tubers, cereals and vegetables. Legumes, oilseeds and fruits were often lacking in the main meals of respondents. Although animal products were consumed daily, the quantities taken were very small to provide for adequate protein, especially in the rural area. Various types of food were avoided by some of the expectant mothers for reasons such as nausea, loss of appetite, taboos and superstition. With regard to dietary quality, respondents from the rural area had diets of poorer quality in terms of nutrient intake compared with those from the suburban area. In both communities, iron contents of diets were quite low. Forty‐seven per cent of the women interviewed were anaemic, with a higher prevalence of anaemia being observed in the rural community. Common ailments reported by the women were dizziness, headache, waist pains and malaria. Based on the results of the study, it was recommended that nutrition education for pregnant women should be stepped up at antenatal clinics especially in rural areas.     

气相色谱-质谱法测定葡萄中扑灭津残留量

[目的]建立了气相色谱-质谱法测定葡萄中扑灭津残留量的分析方法。[方法]样品经乙腈提取,盐析,弗罗里硅土固相萃取柱净化,气相色谱-质谱测定,选择离子监测模式,外标法定量。[结果]在0.1-4mg/kg的范围内线性良好（r〉0.99）,在0.05-0.25mg/kg的添加水平范围内,平均回收率为90%-100%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为4.7%-7.4%,检出限（LOD）为0.025mg/kg,测定低限（LOQ）为0.05mg/kg。[结论]该方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确、低成本、耐用,适合葡萄中扑灭津残留量的测定。     

原油贸易品质检测标准综述

本文对国内外通行原油贸易品质检测标准及相关器具的计量检定规程进行了研究整理,对标准进行了分类,介绍了标准之间的关系,对各检测标准的应用进行了简单介绍,同时根据计量检定规程,介绍了量值溯源方式。另外,介绍了标准应用过程需要了解的其他相关标准。在原油贸易中各方可作为参考,最后介绍了今后原油贸易品质检测标准的制修订计划和发展方向。