Small Cities Matter, Too: The Impacts of an Airport and Local Infrastructure on Housing Prices in a Small Urban City

Cities with small populations tend not to receive as much attention in housing hedonic studies as do large metropolitan areas despite their similar economic development goals (quality of life improvements for their citizens, etc.). However, small cities, with their relatively smaller number of amenities and features, tend to have fewer numbers of variables that operate to determine house prices. Therefore, hedonic prices can be estimated adequately for a single neighborhood in a small city with publicly available data, particularly for local officials who do not have the time or financial resources to complete detailed studies of their cities. In this study, a general model is estimated that uncovers the impacts of airport-related noise, local recreational amenities, public transportation services, and schools on housing prices in a small city in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, USA. The implications and usefulness of this approach to local economic developers and city planners will be discussed.     

居住用地出让管控对住房发展的影响——以北京为例

居住用地出让管控是政府调控住房体系最重要和直接的工具之一,随着我国土地住房制度的演进,居住用地出让管控的住房调控工具属性日益强化。以北京市为例,观察近十年来北京居住用地出让与管控的特征变化,基于土地出让数据与案例分析了居住用地出让管控对北京住房市场供方、需方及住房可支付性的影响,从而探索完善居住用地出让管控作为住房调控工具的路径与方向。     

The Impact of Organizational Culture and Reshaping Capabilities on Change Implementation Success: The Mediating Role of Readiness for Change

abstract    It was hypothesized that employees' perceptions of an organizational culture strong in human relations values and open systems values would be associated with heightened levels of readiness for change which, in turn, would be predictive of change implementation success. Similarly, it was predicted that reshaping capabilities would lead to change implementation success, via its effects on employees' perceptions of readiness for change. Using a temporal research design, these propositions were tested for 67 employees working in a state government department who were about to undergo the implementation of a new end-user computing system in their workplace. Change implementation success was operationalized as user satisfaction and system usage. There was evidence to suggest that employees who perceived strong human relations values in their division at Time 1 reported higher levels of readiness for change at pre-implementation which, in turn, predicted system usage at Time 2. In addition, readiness for change mediated the relationship between reshaping capabilities and system usage. Analyses also revealed that pre-implementation levels of readiness for change exerted a positive main effect on employees' satisfaction with the system's accuracy, user friendliness, and formatting functions at post-implementation. These findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical contribution to the readiness for change literature, and in relation to the practical importance of developing positive change attitudes among employees if change initiatives are to be successful.     

大型主题乐园对周边住宅价格的影响分析——以上海迪士尼为例

大型主题乐园与传统的公园绿地相比,对周边住宅价格的影响更具复杂性和多元性。上海迪士尼乐园自立项建造以来带动了周边住宅价格的上涨,这是由公共基础设施的完善、周边经济的发展所带来的合理的价值增值,还是因迪士尼概念被过度炒作而导致的价格虚高?以迪士尼开园迎客为"自然实验",利用微观交易数据,采用双重差分方法对此问题进行实证检验。结果表明:迪士尼建造期周边住宅被过度炒作,开园后以回落的方式回归基础价值。从辐射空间来看,距迪士尼中心越近,住宅价格被炒作得越厉害。相比较于分散的二手房市场,新建商品房被开发商炒作得更厉害。     

信息分享对原始设备制造商与其合同制造商竞争的影响

研究了原始设备制造商的预测信息分享对一个原始设备制造商和一个与其同时有合作和竞争的合同制造商组成的供应链系统的影响,建立制造商间信息分享的模型,该模型包括一个原始设备制造商和一个合同制造商。研究发现,原始设备制造商关于市场潜在需求预测信息的分享对其预期利润是不利的,同时需求信息预测的精度对原始设备制造商信息分享的决策也有影响,原始设备制造商没有动机与其供应链成员进行信息分享,但信息分享使得供应链整体利润增加。最后,建立一个信息分享补偿机制分享供应链利润的增加量,以期通过信息分享补偿机制促使原始设备制造商有动机进行信息分享,从而实现其与合同制造商的“双赢”。     

The Effects of Leadership Style,Organizational Outcome,and Gender on Attributional Bias Toward Leaders

The current study examined the effects of leadership style (charismatic or autocratic) on followers' internal and external attributions for their organization's success or failure. In addition, role incongruence between the leadership style and gender was examined within the context of attributional error. Confirming the hypotheses, the results showed a three‐way interaction between leadership style, gender and organizational outcome. Supporting the role incongruity theory, when there was role incongruence between the leadership style and gender (i.e., the female autocratic leader), the attributions for failure were more unfavorable toward the leader. The effect of leadership style on internal attributions for failure was mediated by likeability of the leader. Overall, the current study was the first experimental investigation of the effects of leadership style, organizational outcomes, and gender on attributional biases within a single design.     

The Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in the Southwestern United States: The Ricardian Approach Revisited

This paper estimates a Ricardian model of farmland value across the counties of the semiarid Southwestern United States. Compared to previous contributions, we focus on one climate zone and include the presence of extreme weather events and of farm subsidies in our analysis. We also control for heterogeneity and for various types of spillover effects. Once calibrated, the model is used to project changes due to future climate conditions. We find that the probability of a decrease is great in highland counties while an increase or decrease is equally probable in lowland counties where climate impacts farmland value less.     

The Impact of Manufactured Housing on Adjacent Residential Property Values: A GIS Approach Based on Three North Carolina Counties

This empirical study examines the impact of manufactured housing (MH) on the values of adjacent site-built residential properties using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and large data samples for three counties in North Carolina, USA, for the period of 1994-2000. Both property appreciation rates (AR) and property values (PV) are examined with respect to proximity to MH. While ARs are based on a simple measure of value appreciation, PVs are estimated in a linear regression based hedonic price model, which is designed to captures the contributions of structure and location attributes to property values. Results indicate that the appreciation rates slightly decreased with distance from a MH unit in Buncombe and Wake, but the reverse is true in Pitt. The statistical analyses reveal that proximity to a manufactured home influences the value of nearby site-built residential property. Estimated property values show that the further away from a manufactured home, the higher the site-built property value, other things being equal.     

物流整合与信息共享对企业绩效的影响——关系满意的中介效应

通过问卷调查对中国130家物流外包企业进行数据收集,本研究利用结构方程模型,实证分析了物流整合与信息共享通过关系满意对运营绩效的影响,以及关系长度对关系满意与运营绩效间关系的调节效应.研究表明物流整合促进企业绩效,同时与信息共享通过关系满意促进运营绩效,而关系满意对运营绩效有显著影响,且这种作用会受到合作关系的历史长度的影响.     

大、中、小企业货币紧缩效应及其差异研究

中、小企业资金链断裂及破产潮是否是货币紧缩期的常态？为此,本文基于国家统计局工业企业数据,首次探讨了中国不同规模企业货币紧缩效应及其相互间的差异。研究发现,货币政策总体上基本有效,但是有偏的,对大、中、小企业的作用效果截然不同。大企业货币紧缩效应微乎其微,而中小企业受到的冲击非常突出,中型企业尤为严重,不仅外部融资水平降低,而且主营业务收入、存货、利润全面出现显著下降。这种效应一方面严重背离货币紧缩的“全局”性要求及其真正目标;另一方面固化国内大、中、小企业“大者恒大、弱者更弱”的失衡生存状态,应引起高度重视。否则中小企业困境将变成货币紧缩期的常态。     

Corporate Ecological Responsiveness: Antecedent Effects of Institutional Pressure and Top Management Commitment and Their Impact on Organizational Performance

Institutional theory argues that conformity to institutional pressure enhances the survival probability of organizations. Two key limitations of institutional theory have been proposed in recent literature: one, that it ignores the role of top management, and two, that it focuses only on survival as a benefit to the exclusion of more strategic benefits such as growth and profitability. In this research, we build a conceptual model that addresses both of these limitations in the context of institutional pressure on organizations to behave more responsibly vis‐à‐vis the natural environment. Results from a survey of 199 manufacturing firms show that the relationship between institutional pressure and corporate responsiveness to the pressure (i.e. corporate environmental responsiveness) is enhanced when top management commitment to the environment is high. Moreover, results show that organizational conformity to institutional pressure enhances the strategic benefits that organizations receive. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

The Current State of Institutional Economics: The Movement's Limited Impact on the Conventional Science Is Ascribed to Disunity, Disinterest in General Theory

A bstract . The current state of institutional economics is far from being satisfactory. Leading institutionalists have not taken an active role in the institutionalist movement. Also the institutionalists have displayed little unity in either their theoretical or policy positions. They have become engrossed in the analysis of limited issues rather than in an exposition of the theoretical foundations of their economics. An evaluation of the four main groups of institutionalists reveals that their impact on conventional theoretical and applied economics has been very limited. If the institutionalist movement is to improve its status, leading institutionalists will have to support this movement more actively; and more attention will have to be paid to the movement's theoretical Underpinning. Also the institutionalists will have to develop a more unified policy position which can receive the support of a widespread constituency. Failing to move along these lines can only have the result of continuing institutionalism's low status.     

公共租赁住房获配行为对企事业单位资产收益率的影响 ——基于PSM的实证分析

研究目的:探究公共租赁住房获配行为对企事业单位的经济效益的影响。研究方法:对深圳市153家企事业单位(其中53家企事业单位在2013年以前获配公共租赁住房、100家未获配公共租赁住房),运用效应处理模型——倾向值得分匹配(PSM)方法探究公共租赁住房获配行为对企事业单位资产收益率的影响。研究结果:在有效控制样本选择偏误的前提条件下,企事业单位获配公共租赁住房对提高企事业单位资产收益率具有稳健的正向影响。     

政府管制对基础设施投融资制度变迁的影响——基于演化博弈模型的分析

运用演化博弈模型,对不同强度的政府管制政策下基础设施投融资制度变迁过程进行理论分析,并以我国公用事业民营化改革为案例进行实例分析,结果表明:在基础设施投融资制度变迁过程中,政府管制政策对基础设施投融资制度形成、变迁和演化具有重要影响,政府管制政策的变化情况决定着基础设施投融资制度演化方向和进程.     

The Difference Between Short and Long Run Effects of Police Outlays on Crime: Policing Deters Criminals Initially, But Later They May 'Learn by Doing'

Abstract . In the long run a positive relationship of police expenditurescrime is derived in models which explain criminal behavior In the short run, however, the statistical results point to the possible deterring effect of police expenditures. A theoretical model is constructed to explain the statistical difference of the short and long run effect of police outlays on crime. As police expenditures increase, crime level diminishes. As time elapses, criminals may adjust to the new level of police effort, improve their performance and at the same level of outlays, increase their criminal activities. This phenomenon could be termed “Criminals’Learning by Doing”. It could explain why, over the long run, the level of crime is positively associated with police expenditures. The empirical analysis examines pooled cross sectional time series of 47 states over the period 1970 to 1980—a total of 517 cases.     

The Pursuance of Better Quality of life: In the Long Run, Better Quality of Social Life Is the Most Important Factor in Migration

A bstract . A model is developed to explore the relationships between interregional migration and regional variations of quality of life. The model incorporates the impact of the interregional variations of the various aspects of quality of life including economic, political, environmental, social, health and education. The long-run and short-run migration data for 65 major U.S. standard metropolitan statistical areas are used to test the model. The results suggest that unlike the conventional conclusions, economic factors are not so important in motivating interregional migration. Rather, it is shown that in the long-run the pursuance of better quality ot social life turns out to be the most important factor. In the short-run, the results suggest that the pursuance of better environmental quality is the dominant factor in explaining the interregional migration.     

机构投资者行为对股票价格波动性的影响 ——基于大盘股和小盘股的实证研究

机构投资者对股票价格的波动率是起着促进作用还是抑制作用,学术界一直存在着不同的观点。文章分析了机构投资者在大盘股和中小盘股中持股比例和交易强度对股票价格的波动率的影响。研究发现,在大盘股中机构投资者的交易强度与股价波动呈负相关关系,起到稳定股价的作用;在中小盘股中交易强度和股价波动呈正相关关系,短期内投机动机比较强。而大小盘股中机构投资者的持股比例均与股价波动均呈负相关关系,起到稳定股价的作用。     

领导反馈环境对员工离职倾向的影响:以职业适应能力为中介

如何降低员工离职率,有效回避员工离职率高所带来的消极影响,是中国企业亟待解决的问题.本文采用问卷调研方法,从领导反馈环境入手,以员工职业适应能力为中介变量,探讨领导反馈环境与员工离职倾向之间的关系.研究结果发现领导反馈环境负向影响员工离职倾向,职业适应能力在领导反馈环境和员工职业适应能力之间起中介作用.研究丰富了反馈环境在离职领域的研究,在一定程度上解释了企业中员工频繁跳槽的原因,为企业保留核心人员提供了管理策略.     

城市老年人步行能力与建设其适合的居住区户外环境的研究——以南京市为例

参照国民体质监测方法测试10米步行速度,对调查区域附近部分人、车流量较大道路宽度直接测量和对路口交通信号灯时间值直接观察,调查测定了334名(其中男136名,女198名)60岁以上南京市城市老年人步行速度,了解老年人居住区的住区道路、信号交叉口、住宅建设、公共设施等户外环境的基本情况。结果表明:70岁及以上的老年人即使在健康状况允许快走的前提下仍有一部分无法在绿灯时间里通过街道,与60-69岁组相比呈现急剧上升的趋势。通过分析城市老年人步行能力和居住区户外环境现状,建议优化老年人居住区的交通;完善城市老年人的住宅建设,加强无障碍设计;配齐公共设施,加强社区服务。     

The duality of algorithmic management: Toward a research agenda on HRM algorithms,autonomy and value creation

This study proposes the ‘duality of algorithmic management’ as a conceptual lens to unravel the complex relationship between human resource management (HRM) algorithms, job autonomy and the value to workers who are subject to algorithmic management. Against tendencies to present algorithmic management as having predetermined, undesired consequences (e.g. restriction of job autonomy, poor financial compensation and deteriorating working conditions), our ‘duality of algorithmic management’ perspective offers two amendments to the dominant thinking on HRM algorithms and their outcomes to workers. First, we showcase how algorithmic management simultaneously restrains and enables autonomy and value to workers – with the latter referring to both use (i.e. non-monetary benefits) and exchange value (i.e. monetary benefits) that workers derive from working (under algorithmic management). In doing so, we make the case that the desired consequences of HRM algorithms to workers co-exist alongside the undesired consequences that the literature has mostly reported on. Second, we argue that algorithmic management is shaped by, as much as it shaping, the autonomy and value to workers. We do so by highlighting the ‘recursivity’ of algorithmic management that occurs when software designers and/or self-learning algorithms reinforce or limit worker acts for (re)gaining job autonomy and/or creating value out of HRM algorithms. We conclude this paper with the presentation of avenues for future research into the duality of algorithmic management, which sets the stage for a future line of inquiry into the complex interrelationships among HRM algorithms, job autonomy and value.