电信添翼

大夏天的,你非常非常想吃冰激淋;走到大街上,却怎么也找不到一家卖冰激淋的商店。执着的你走遍了大街,终于找到了一家卖冰激淋的商店,标价不是一般的贵。但是,这个时候的你已经顾不上那么多了,     

Telecom reform: progress and prospects

The dominant activity in telecom reform is now shifting from policy development to implementation. This is a more difficult task that depends heavily on competent, independent regulation in both developed and developing countries. A speed up in the remaining steps to complete full institutional restructuring is needed, including clarification of the roles for national and regional regulation and for international governance. New national regulators must rapidly establish transparent participatory processes and decision criteria to minimise uncertainty and enhance credibility. Experience to date indicates that competition in reality may be a more limited instrument of policy than it has been in theory, and the goal of a global universal service will remain elusive unless given a higher priority in policy and practice. Telecom reform is leading to increasing integration of telecom with other sectors of the economy, and telecom policy with broader economic and social policy. Telecom networks are providing the foundation of information infrastructures, which in turn are rapidly becoming an indispensable component of the 21st century knowledge infrastructures. For the future, telecom policy and regulation must facilitate knowledge network development in new knowledge-based economies and societies. This raises a question of whether telecom regulation should assume a more proactive role in facilitating new network service applications, especially in the public sector.     

电信进化论

1876年,亚历山大·贝尔在实验室里不小心将电池酸液溅到了腿上,他赶紧叫喊道:"沃森,快过来,帮帮我。"就这句简单的喊话宣告了现代通信时代的到来。     

电力通信资产运营模式探讨

随着电力工业管理体制改革的深入进行,电力通信管理体制和资产管理模式也在悄然发生变化。现从电力通信资产运营模式改革出发,总结了国内外电力通信管理体制和资产经营管理模式,并根据目前电力通信管理的现实条件,按照既有利于电力安全生产,也有利于提高通信资产的使用效率和效益的原则,提出了分公司形式下的资产经营管理模式。     

中国电信市场非均衡运行

中国电信产业体制虽然进行了一定程度上的改革，但与可竞争型市场相适应的微观运行商并没有真正出现，微观基础的缺乏，导致了宏观运行的非均衡，投资与收益不匹配、定价行为的内部性与外部性、激励相容约束机制的缺乏以及管理体制上的政企不分。     

电信重组引发五大悬念

重组的具体过程依然会显得漫长而艰辛,并充满各种不确定性和悬念。在经过了几年的猜谜游戏之后,中国电信行业第三次重组方案终于尘埃落定。5月24日14:00,工业和信息化部、国家发改委以及财政部联合发布中国电信业重组公告:基于电信行业现状,为实现改革目标,鼓励中国电信收购中国联通CDMA网(包括资产和用户),中国联通与中     

中国电信服务业的市场化演进

本文对中国电信分拆后中国电信业市场新格局的变化，研究和分析了今后3－5年中国电信业市场化进程的走势，并对电信公司资产的多元化、民营资本的进入、打破行政性垄断，建立市场化垄断等问题进行了较深入的研究，提出了相应的对策。     

Pricing Network Interconnection: Advantages Held by Integrated Telecom Carriers

A recurring telecommunications policy debate centers on whether incumbent, vertically integrated local exchange carriers have an incentive to discriminate in price against down-stage service rivals who interconnect to their network (a price squeeze). The concern is typically voiced in one of two claims: (1) there is an incentive for an incumbent to use a price squeeze when access prices are set above long-run incremental cost; or (2) prices set at that cost are preferred for interconnection because they eliminate incentives for a price squeeze. In principle, form (1) is generally true (Proposition 1), but form (2) is generally not (Proposition 2), The proof of these Propositions reveals why pricing access at long-run incremental cost coupled with appropriate price floors in the down-stage market does eliminate the incentive to squeeze.     

Telecom reforms in the EU: Prices and consumers' satisfaction

The paper shows the impact of privatization and liberalization on consumers in the telecommunication sector for 15 EU countries. Policy reforms are summarized by the OECD regulatory indicators (REGREF) that consider the extent of privatization, vertical disintegration, and market entry. After controlling for other country variables, first, a test of the impact of ownership and regulatory changes on consumer prices is given. In the second step, the Eurobarometer data on consumers' satisfaction about quality and prices of the telecommunication service are considered. The analysis confirms the importance of market regulation in reducing prices but minimizes the role played by privatization per se. Overall, the findings offer only mixed evidence, and somehow contradict, the hypothesis that all the reforms work in a similar way across the EU countries.     

电信主导运营商价格压榨的竞争效应

在纵向相关市场结构下,电信在位主导运营商的价格压榨行为是一种恢复纵向垄断市场势力和获取纵向一体最大化垄断利润的策略性行为,它会严重伤害下游市场的竞争,并降低社会总福利。在反垄断执法中,判定反竞争的价格压榨行为需要分析市场结构条件和进行竞争伤害检验,本文提出了基础的归因检验规则和具体的四种不同类型价格压榨检验方法。基于上述分析,对中国电信和中国联通网络接入价格歧视行为反垄断审查的结构条件和归因检验进行了分析,并认为不合理接入管制政策是价格压榨长期存在的重要原因。     

基于空间计量的中国电信业区域差异分析

基于空间计量经济学方法,以人均电信业务收入为指标,对中国31个省市电信业发展差异进行了实证研究.通过对电信业发展指标的全局空间自相关系数的计算并作相应显著性检验,表明中国各省市电信业发展存在明显的空间正相关性,即电信业比较发达的省市相靠近,电信业比较落后的省市相邻.对局部空间相关系数的分析和分类,则揭示了中国电信业区域分布规律.最后,就协调区域电信业发展并针对属于不同聚类的省市发展电信业提出相应的措施和政策建议.     

在竞争形势下电信企业的企业文化建设浅析

探讨电信企业文化建设,如何确定适应市场发展,又适合员工思想状态及能力水平的思路及具体操作方法.     

Skill changes in maintenance work in British Telecom: an alternative view

Here the author presents an alternative view of recent changes in skilled work in British Telecom to that provided by Roger Penn in a recent article in NTWE. In particular, he argues for a detailed analysis of changing work tasks, a clear definition of skill, and a greater focus on the changing distribution of tasks and skills between different occupational groups.     

International Telecom Settlements: Gaming Incentives, Carrier Alliances and Pareto-Superior Reform

Liberalized countries that allow competition in international telecommunications favor traffic re-routing practices as arbitrage against foreign monopolists. This view is seriously incomplete. Monopolists, allied with carriers in liberalized countries, can use these practices to reduce termination payments to nonalliance carriersöthereby harming also consumers in liberalized countriesöby gaming regulations that require equal termination rates at both ends and 'proportional return' (the monopolist's traffic is allocated among carriers in proportion to their shares of traffic to its country). We also present a simple bilateral settlements reform that eliminates gaming incentives and other proportional-return distortions, yet benefits both countries.     

安富利:用新的分销模式占领市场

超级分销商安富利公司的首席执行官Roy Vallee可以真正地说自己是“此时,彼地”。在过去的将近30年里,Vallee一直为安富利公司工作,他所担任的职务从现场销售代表到总裁和首席运营官,几乎无所不包。作为首席执行官,他领导这家年收入达到120亿美元的公司度过了分销行业发展历史上最困难的时期,并有望在当前的一个季度超越华尔街对公司收入的预期。2005年,收购Memec公司为安富利公司的历史     

Moving targets: Introducing mobility into universal service obligations

Structural changes in the economies of developing countries are leading to increased mobility of work and family life, and so an accommodating set of universal service obligations (USOs) implies new goals that extend beyond wireline telephone penetration and access. Wireless telephony penetration frequently exceeds wireline penetration in developing countries, and digital wireless platforms can incorporate Internet technology. This paper evaluates the history of telecom development in Mexico that has led to wireless telephony becoming the new consumption norm. The study takes the eMexico project as a case study of diversified USOs beyond wireline telephony. It considers potential obstacles to incorporating mobile phone and Internet (“Wireless Web”) services into Mexico's diversified universal service policy, including economic barriers to political mobilization over issues of telecom policy.     

Quality disclosure when firms set their own quality targets

We investigate how firms adjust their target quality levels when they - or their competitors - become subject to an information disclosure requirement. Our setting is the U.S. airline industry, where all large domestic carriers are required to report their on-time performance (OTP). OTP is measured by comparing a flight’s actual arrival time to its scheduled arrival time, which is chosen by the airline. Therefore, airlines can improve their OTP by simply increasing their scheduled flight times. We study three airlines which become subject to the disclosure requirement and find that they lengthen their schedule times by 1.4 min on average. Moreover, other airlines also increase their schedule times on routes where they compete with newly reporting airlines, by about 2.3 min, while actual flight times remain unchanged. While these numbers are small, the longer schedule times translate into a 15% improvement in OTP for previously reporting airlines. We conclude that newly reporting airlines and their direct competitors adjust their quality targets when they become subject to quality disclosure, which improves their reported quality without improving the actual time that it takes to travel from gate to gate.     

Monitoring R&D project costs against pre-specified targets

The monitoring and interpretation of costs incurred during a project against pre-specified targets is the most common task which R&D managers at all levels have to undertake. Graphical interpretation of such cost and target figures can provide useful feedback as to financial performance.
Spreadsheets provide an ideal environment for the manipulation of figures and production of graphs and, although not widely used, the programming facilities incorporated in such packages also allow for menu driven systems to be developed which can be operated without a knowledge of the spreadsheet's command structure thus greatly widening their area of application.
This article describes some of the elements of such a system and details its ability to automatically produce four specified graphs taken from accountancy, statistical process control and forecasting which have been shown to offer a valuable insight into cost control generally and, it is proposed, within R&D projects in particular.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝炎治疗靶点和靶向药物研发进展

介绍了治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的相关靶点和靶向药物研发方面的进展,分别简述了过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶、胰高血糖素样肽-1、甲状腺激素受体β、法尼醇X受体、成纤维细胞生长因子19/21、凋亡信号调节激酶1和C-C趋化因子受体2/5等多种非酒精性脂肪性肝炎治疗新靶点,分析了靶点相关药物及其在治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的研发进展及其优缺点。分析表明,通过探索非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的相关靶点及研发的靶向药物,有助于解除非酒精性脂肪性肝炎给人类健康带来的巨大威胁。基于此,对其发展前景进行展望,指出今后可以在以下方面对治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎进行深入研究：1)找到非酒精性脂肪性肝炎主要致病机理,从源头治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎;2)针对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的不同靶点进行药物联合治疗;3)研发新的治疗技术(基因疗法、核酸药物以及抗体偶联药物等),将其应用到非酒精性脂肪性肝炎治疗领域。     

The Impact of Competition on the Efficiency of Public Enterprise: The Case of Korea Telecom

The notion of total productivity can be employed in evaluating the performance of monopolistic public enterprises in a transitional period. This study comparatively analyzes the efficiency change of Korea Telecom (KT) once the biggest telecommunications service provider in Korea but now facing both domestic and foreign competition. Dichotomizing the reference period into before-competition and after-competition and using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), we measure the technical efficiency, the allocative efficiency and the overall efficiency and highlight the differences between two periods. It is observed that the overall efficiency has been significantly improved mainly due to the enhancement of the allocative efficiency but the technical efficiency has been slightly improved. The major cause of insignificant improvement of technical efficiency is due to hothouse competition and excessive regulation on management of KT. Monopolistic firms in transition can respond to the external competition by reducing input cost and excessive capital. There may exist a considerable time lag, however, in achieving the improvement of technical efficiency.