利率市场化背景下我国中小银行的利率风险与应对措施分析

利率市场化背景下我国银行面临诸多风险,利率风险是其中之一。本文主要针对该背景下我国商业银行面临的利率风险进行分析,其中以中国商业银行为例,对我国银行在利率市场背景下面临的商业危机进行实证分析,全面了解商业银行现在面临的风险现状,同时,本文从利率风险管理的角度出发,提出应对利率市场背景下我国中小银行的利率风险的应对措施,以供参考。     

农村商业银行财务管理现状及对策探析

当前,国家正推行改革创新,简政放权,释放红利,激发市场活力,体现在金融领域就是存款利率市场化,2015年10月24日起,央行已对商业银行和农村合作金融机构等不再设置存款利率浮动上限,至此,商业银行的存款利率已完全放开.随着存款利率市场的进一步放开,存贷款利差将进一步缩小,银行间的竞争将进一步加剧,作为中小银行代表的农村商业银行要想在竞争中保持优势,只有通过强化自身管理实现开源节流,增收节支,才能有效应对激烈的市场竞争.本文就农村商业银行的财务管理现状进行分析以及对策进行研究,从而达到有效应对金融市场竞争和挑战的目的.     

利率市场化对中小银行的影响探析

利率市场化有利于资金结构调整、转变微观主体的发展方式与经营机制、提高商业银行经营管理水平与核心竞争力,也对我国中小银行带来不小冲击。本文从阐述美国利率市场化的过程入手,分析了美国利率市场化对我国的启示,我国利率市场化过程中对中小银行面临的挑战及中小银行应对利率市场化的措施。     

利率市场化对中小银行的影响及应对策略

利率市场化是价值规律作用的结果,是提高资本市场资源配置效率,推动实体经济发展,解决国内宏观经济发展问题的必然选择.目前,世界上大多数发达国家的利率都已实现市场化.我国从1996年启动利率市场化改革,历时近20年时间,到2015年10月24日,全面放开对金融机构利率管制,利率实现市场化,这标志着我国金融体制改革迈出关键一步.利率市场化有利于促进银行之间的公平竞争,有利于推动银行业务转型和结构调整,有利于提高商业银行的管理水平.但利率市场化对商业银行也产生一定的不利影响,特别是对中小银行的影响更大.因此,中小商业银行要做好谋划,研究对策,应对利率市场化给自身带来的不利影响.     

美国利率市场化过程中的银行资产管理业务转型

正由于利率的形成机制是在利率市场化改革后由市场供求决定,市场利率的波动幅度和频率大大提高,对于经营资金和信用的商业银行来说,其盈利模式、业务范围和风险防范等方面易受到一定的威胁。在美国利率市场化初期,商业银行资金成本明显上升,并且不可避免地遭遇到存贷利差缩小的冲击。出现很多商业银行经营环境恶化、业绩下滑的现象,中小银行出现倒闭的情况。随着利率市场化的不断推进,金融创新增加、金融市场深化,美国银行业采取了改变不利局面的应对措施,适时调整业务结构,加大中间业务发展力度,尤其是大力发展资产管理业务。资产管理业务在银行业自身的转型契机下,充分发挥资源优势,丰富服务手     

我国利率走廊的构建及国际经验分析

利率走廊是中央银行为了调控货币市场基准利率而设置的政策操作系统,其运行机制是,中央银行通过向商业银行提供存款便利工具和贷款便利工具,同时配合公开市场操作,将货币市场基准利率控制在中央银行政策目标利率附近,从而实现货币政策目标.加拿大中央银行和欧洲中央银行在利率走廊的构建和运行上积累了较为成功的经验,可为我国借鉴.我国中央银行的利率走廊上限应为常备借贷便利利率,下限可以选择超额存款准备金利率,货币市场基准利率为存款类金融机构间债券回购利率(DR),政策目标利率可以选择存款类金融机构间债券隔夜回购利率(DR001).为了使利率走廊充分发挥作用,还需要采取一些配套政策措施.     

利率市场化程度与银行业集中度关系研究

目前,我国大多数领域的利率已经实现市场化,利率市场化改革将深刻改变商业银行的生存环境,为商业银行的经营和发展带来空前的机遇和挑战.论本文运用最小二乘回归,就利率市场化水平和银行业集中度之间的关系进行线性回归,发现两者之间存在非常高的负相关性.利率市场化加剧了银行业的竞争,为中小银行的崛起提供了空间,转变了银行业的市场结构,使得银行业更加高效的发展.     

利率市场化与中小银行转型

在利率市场化条件下,中小银行更应建立科学的产品定价机制,使贷款报价能够覆盖资金成本、经营成本以及所承担的风险从20世纪90年代中国就已经稳步推进利率市场化改革,近期开始呈加速之势。中国利率市场化加速的背景具有特殊性,短期内将给银行盈利以及风险管理等带来严峻的挑战,商业银行尤其是中小银行需要谨慎应对。中国利率市场化加速的背景具有特殊性与美国、日本等利率市场化过程相     

商业银行经营管理中利率市场化的影响

伴随着我国经济的不断发展,利率市场化已经成为了未来中国经济发展的必然趋势,利率市场化也将对我国商业银行经营管理产生重大影响。利率市场化可以建立起来一套相对自主化的价格机制,这种机制对商业银行经营管理之中的资金流动有着很好的帮助,但是也不可避免的对商业银行经营管理产生一定的影响,这就需要商业银行从内部积极应对利率市场化可能带来的影响,完善商业银行经营管理机制。     

商业银行经营管理中利率市场化的影响

伴随着我国经济的不断发展,利率市场化已经成为了未来中国经济发展的必然趋势,利率市场化也将对我国商业银行经营管理产生重大影响。利率市场化可以建立起来一套相对自主化的价格机制,这种机制对商业银行经营管理之中的资金流动有着很好的帮助,但是也不可避免的对商业银行经营管理产生一定的影响,这就需要商业银行从内部积极应对利率市场化可能带来的影响,完善商业银行经营管理机制。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.