基于QFD、TRIZ和田口方法的集成化设计原理与方法研究

产品的设计质量决定了产品的固有质量。质量功能展开（QFD）是以顾客需求为导向,建立顾客要求与设计要求间的联系,寻找和挖掘影响产品质量的关键因素。创新问题解决理论（TRIZ）是一种专门研究创新和概念设计的理论,可通过普遍性工具获得领域解。田口方法可将设计概念转化为一系列切实可行的设计参数。文章对这三种设计方法进行了比较分析,并讨论了它们的集成应用问题。     

Applying fuzzy quality function deployment (QFD) to identify solutions of service delivery system for port of Kaohsiung

The main purpose of this paper is to apply fuzzy quality function deployment (QFD) model to identify solutions of service delivery system (SDS) for port of Kaohsiung from the viewpoints of customers. At first, to facilitate the main issue of the QFD problem, however, the ‘what’ question of customer needs and ‘how’ problem of the services have to be made, which are two major components and be emphasized on the house of quality (HOQ) matrices. In conjunction with fuzzy sets theory, hence, the systematic procedures using fuzzy QFD were proposed in this paper. Subsequently, a case study for port of Kaohsiung demonstrated the systematic appraisal process for identifying solutions of SDS. The results of empirical study show that (1) 10 key factors are deemed as to have priority to improve the quality of SDS for Kaohsiung port; and (2) eight feasible solutions for improving service quality performance are identified. Moreover, it is suggested that port Authority of Kaohsiung should listen attentively the voice of customers and emphasize on exploiting these customer requirements effectively. And then develop the ‘how’ issues of profiles of solutions, which should continuously strengthen the perspectives of customer, internal business process, and learning and growth, respectively.     

基于QFD的采购流程关键故障识别及其改进的实例研究

采购流程作为企业生产的输入端,对于企业来说非常重要,采购流程的故障会对企业生产造成很大的影响。怎样识别采购流程的关键故障成了重中之重。本文首先对采购流程的故障及QFD方法进行了简要概述,接下来运用QFD方法,对制造企业的内部顾客的抱怨进行演绎分析,从而识别出采购流程的关键故障,并以此为根据提出改进意见。     

模糊QFD在提升港口服务质量中的应用

将质量功能展开(QFD)方法应用到提高港口服务质量中,通过构建港口服务质量屋模型,采用模糊层次分析法(FAHP)确定顾客需求权重,找出影响顾客对港口服务满意度的关键因素及存在的问题,以量化的方法决定所需要改进的关键服务措施与手段,从而为提升港口服务水平和竞争力提供有效的建议。     

LCD供应商质量控制和改进应用研究实例

文章分析了公司所采用的质量改进的方法及相关理论如何运用于供应商的质量管理工作中,并对著名的摩托罗拉六西格玛质量管理理念的应用作了详细的阐述。通过公司对供应商的质量控制,改进效果,使供应商的质量控制标准化,从而使供应商遵循标准化文件,达到质量良率的要求。     

基于 QFD的物流供应商的选择问题研究

为降低物流供应商选择过程中的模糊不确定性和主观性,将QFD、三角模糊数和Kano模型三者结合起来提出一种新的物流供应商的选择方法。文中应用QFD,首先结合三角模糊数法和专家评估法确定企业需求指标项的初始相对权重、企业需求与技术特性间的关系矩阵和各技术特性间的关联矩阵,同时对各三角模糊数进行去模糊处理。然后,根据权重对全部企业需求进行排序,将排序结果区分为Kano模型中的3类需求,并用Kano系数表示,同时据此计算各技术特性的权重值。最后,综合技术特性权重值和候选物流供应商在各特性上的分值,经加权求和得出各供应商的总得分。通过算例证实了所提方法的可行性和有效性,能够给企业提供具体的、可操作的指导。     

Using QFD method for the ecological designing of products and services

QFD method is a method in the area of quality management. In this publication, it has been modified and used in environmental management. As an example, ecologically modiefied QFD was implemented for Bedzin district in Poland. Implementing this method in a town allows to select activities that are crucial for fulfilling ecological requirements and it leads to the improvement of the life quality of the citizens.     

质量机能展开在新产品开发中的应用研究

文章以L冰箱公司所生产的家用冰箱为研究对象，演绎了把QFD技术引入到冰箱的开发中，以顾客和市场需求为出发点，进行质量机能展开，完成生产规划、零件配置、工艺规划、生产控制四阶段的质量屋过程，最后对具体实施QFD时可能遇到的问题提出了一些建议。     

A fuzzy service quality based approach for performance evaluation of educational units

Educational unites try to make efficient use of resources to achieve higher service qualities. This paper presents a new hybrid fuzzy approach based on service quality for performance evaluation of educational units. The proposed approach includes four stages: firstly, evaluation and gap analysis of students' expectations and perceptions in the service quality of educational units are performed based on fuzzy SERVQUAL questionnaires. In the second stage, the corresponding weights of dimensions and sub-dimensions of SERVQUAL are determined via fuzzy AHP method. In the third stage, the educational units are ranked using fuzzy TOPSIS method with respect to service quality sub-dimensions. Finally, a fuzzy DEA method is applied to determine the efficiency of educational units based on their service quality ratings. The approach is used for performance evaluation of eight higher education institutes in Iran. The proposed approach increased the accuracy of performance evaluation of educational units based on service quality.     

基于QFD方法的服务型制造企业服务质量改进研究

构建基于QFD方法的服务型制造企业服务质量改进研究模型,通过SPSS软件,对实例Y公司顾客需求的权重进行主成分分析,在此基础上运用灰色理论和模糊数学相结合的灰色模糊方法对Y公司服务质量进行评价,然后结合测评结果运用QFD方法,找到Y公司应该着力加强的服务措施。研究结果表明,权重分数较高的服务措施要素是进行服务补救、信息系统、员工素质、办事效率和培训,即要Y公司满足客户质量需求必须关注的要素,这些要素的好坏,直接决定了企业客户需求是否得到了满足。这类研究方法,对类似的服务型制造企业服务质量改进的研究,同样有很大的借鉴意义。     

A combination of QFD and imprecise DEA with enhanced Russell graph measure: A case study in healthcare

Quality function deployment (QFD) is a proven tool for process and product development, which translates the voice of customer (VoC) into engineering characteristics (EC), and prioritizes the ECs, in terms of customer's requirements. Traditionally, QFD rates the design requirements (DRs) with respect to customer needs, and aggregates the ratings to get relative importance scores of DRs. An increasing number of studies stress on the need to incorporate additional factors, such as cost and environmental impact, while calculating the relative importance of DRs. However, there is a paucity of methodologies for deriving the relative importance of DRs when several additional factors are considered. Ramanathan and Yunfeng [43] proved that the relative importance values computed by data envelopment analysis (DEA) coincide with traditional QFD calculations when only the ratings of DRs with respect to customer needs are considered, and only one additional factor, namely cost, is considered. Also, Kamvysi et al. [27] discussed the combination of QFD with analytic hierarchy process–analytic network process (AHP–ANP) and DEAHP–DEANP methodologies to prioritize selection criteria in a service context. The objective of this paper is to propose a QFD–imprecise enhanced Russell graph measure (QFD–IERGM) for incorporating the criteria such as cost of services and implementation easiness in QFD. Proposed model is applied in an Iranian hospital.     

质量机能展开在高等教育质量改进中的应用研究

为适应快速变化的社会需求,培养相应的专业人才,高等教育要构建一个有效的培养体系。本文综述了质量机能展开（QFD）在高等教育质量改进中应用的现状,分析了高等教育的系统模式,提出了质量机能展开在高等教育质量体系中的应用展望。     

QFD在连锁超市配送服务质量保证中的应用研究

以A连锁超市为研究对象,识别配送服务质量需求,利用QFD技术将配送质量需求向配送技术指标进行映射。结果表明,"配送车辆状态良好T1"及"配送管理软件完善T3"为关键质量技术指标;再将配送技术指标向技术保证措施进行映射,结果表明,该连锁超市配送中心需合理车辆调度、外租冷藏车辆以实现门店配送服务质量提升。     

TRIZ理论在质量改善中的应用研究

产品的质量对企业成本和经营有着举足轻重的作用。本文首先分析了企业产品质量中存在的问题,提出一些改善方案,对影响这些方案的因素进行归类分析,运用系统工程学的方法对这些方案进行评价选优,同时运用TRIZ理论为治具的改善提出解决方向,最终使产品的质量得到大幅提高。     

QFD在服装产品开发中的应用

首先对QFD作了简单介绍,然后结合顾客对服装产品的需求观念的改变,探讨了动态QFD在服装产品开发中的应用研究。     

A case study: Statistical analysis in a production quality improvement project

This paper documents the results of a case study in total quality management conducted in a production setting. In 1995 internal inspection had detected that defects in the final product had increased at a major manufacturing firm in the southeastern United States. A comprehensive quality improvement project was initiated to locate and fix the major problems. This study recognizes that group processes and interpersonal skills are important. However, this paper focuses on the use of the scientific method and statistical analysis used to evaluate the success of the major objective of the plan i.e. to reduce high defect levels in the roll machines. Major overall improvement occurred in specific areas only after a systematic application of the scientific, TQM process.     

A systematic way of identifying and forecasting technological reverse salients using QFD,bibliometrics, and trend impact analysis: A carbon nanotube biosensor case

Experts have more difficulty identifying reverse salients in R&D because of increasing technological complexity and a shortened technology lifecycle. As an alternative, we suggest a new and systematic method of identifying and forecasting reverse salients using QFD (quality function deployment), bibliometric analysis, and TIA (trend impact analysis). QFD allows users to systematically identify and prioritize reverse salients. An integration of QFD, bibliometric analysis, and TIA makes it possible to specify key performance indicators of reverse salient in order to identify the performance gap between current and market-required performance and to make a probabilistic forecast about when reverse salients will be corrected. Our method will help managers identify a top priority reverse salient, forecast its future, and thus make better R&D decisions with regard to market requirements. A carbon nanotube biosensor technology is used as an example.     

基于TRIZ理论的RFID技术在汽车物流及其供应链管理中的应用研究

通过对企业物流业务流程重组的必要性、重要性的分析,以物流业务流程重组的原则界定为切入点,运用TRIZ理论的"冲突矩阵"工具,分析RFID无线射频识别技术在物流业务流程重组过程的重要作用;从分析RFID技术的核心价值入手,借助探讨性应用案例,对RFID技术在汽车企业备件物流及其供应链管理领域中应用的科学工作方法进行了分析和探讨,对运用TRIZ理论工具来实现RFID技术的产业化应用前景作了展望。     

QFD法在公路工程限额设计总值确定中的应用

随着公路行业的发展,限额设计在公路建设中的运用越来越广泛,因此对其研究意义重大。结合公路工程实例,从业主需求出发,提出采用质量功能展开(QFD)方法,把业主对产品的质量需求转换成设计师所熟悉的质量特性,从而明确各个质量特性的相对权重。为限额设计总值的确定提供参考。     

A supplier evaluation model based on customer demand in blockchain tracing anti-counterfeiting platform project management

This study assesses supplier selection at the beginning of project management to establish an evaluation system corresponding to blockchain tracing anti-counterfeiting platforms (BTAP). First, this paper determines 20 evaluation criteria from the four dimensions of platform overview, core technology, application support, and operations management. On this basis, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) based on customer needs is proposed, which consists of three main steps. First, quality function deployment (QFD) and the best and worst method (BWM) are used to evaluate the four dimensions of the BTAP and specific evaluation criteria from the perspective of customers to obtain the criteria weight. Then, this method uses the extended Vlse Kriterjumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) approach to sort the alternatives. Finally, the improved decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method is used to analyse the relationships between the 20 criteria in the four dimensions. The feasibility and effectiveness of this method are verified by an example. According to the sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis, the results show that this method can evaluate blockchain anti-counterfeiting enterprises. The main conclusions are as follows: the core technology is the most important factor influencing the choice of a BTAP project, and the role of application support in evaluation cannot be ignored.