Leadership: A personnel economics approach

A theory of leadership is proposed and tested. Leaders perform many roles in a firm. They become leaders because they succeed at these tasks more than others and at least some of their successes are visible. The theory implies that leaders tend to be more able, place themselves in visible decision making situations more frequently and are generalists. Also, the most able leaders should be found in the highest variance industries, where decision making has the greatest payoff. The theory is tested using data on Stanford alumni and is confirmed. Leaders are generalists rather than specialists, both innately and in their pattern of skill acquisition.     

Networks and geography in the economics of knowledge flows: a commentary

In the paper “Networks and geography in the economics of knowledge flows” Maggioni and Uberti provide a rich and detailed overview of the current state-of-art and future challenges of the analysis of knowledge flows in economics. Maggioni and Uberti illustrate how geographical factors and network factors can explain spatial patterns of knowledge flows. This commentary portrays where the type of studies discussed by the authors fit in the wider literature on geography, networks and knowledge flows. Second, the commentary discusses the suggestions of future research the authors describe and proposes some further avenues for future research that are in line with those suggested by the authors. In particular, it zooms in onto the role of comparative statics in studies of network dynamics, stochastic estimation models of network evolution and content-based network analysis in pushing the frontier of research on networks, geography and knowledge flows.     

From equilibrium to autopoiesis: A Luhmannian reading of Veblenian evolutionary economics

The paper reconstructs the Veblenian critique of the pecuniary economy from the perspective of Niklas Luhmann's theory of autopoietic social systems. Luhmann argued that social systems relieve people from the overwhelming civilizational complexity, but develop autopoietic properties hindering rational solutions to human problems. This argument allows seeing the pecuniary economy as an important complexity-reducing device, which, however, develops excessive autonomy from the embedding societal and ecological environment. For this reason, like other autopoietic systems, the economy has a high chance of becoming societally and ecologically unsustainable. While Veblen criticized the obsession of classical economics with equilibrium and the natural order, Luhmann urged to replace the notion of equilibrium with that of autopoiesis, which focuses attention on the sustainability problem. Accentuating this problem is shown to be the main evolutionary economics implication of Luhmann's work.     

Measuring productivity of research in economics: A cross-country study using DEA

We measure productivity in leading edge economic research by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) for a sample of 21 countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Publications in ten top journals of economics from 1980 to 1998 are taken as the research output. Inputs are measured by R&D expenditure, the number of universities with economics departments and (as an uncontrollable variable) population. Under constant returns-to-scale, the US emerges as the only efficient country. Under variable returns-to-scale, the efficiency frontier is defined by the US, Ireland and New Zealand. With the exception of the US, all countries in our sample display increasing returns-to-scale, and thus have the potential to raise their efficiency by scaling up their research activities.     

伦敦的"交通收费"及其福利经济学解释

2003年2月17日起,伦敦市采取对进入市中心的车辆收取5镑进入费的做法来缓解交通堵塞.对这一政策的运行方式、政策效果及反对意见进行了评价,并从福利经济学的角度作出了解释.     

STEWART通用平台的设计与研究

本文以国内企业、科研院所对6自由度仿真平台的实际需求为出发点,设计一种多学科通用的6自由度stewart平台。本文利用三维设计软件PRO/E,对该平台进行了三维虚拟样机的设计,并利用PRO/E和MATLAB对6自由度平台进行了机构运动学仿真分析。分析结果表明该虚拟样机达到了预期的设计目标可以满足航空、航海、交通等领域中小型仿真平台的设计的实际需要。     

一种基于微信平台的洗衣联盟小程序的开发与设计

随着互联网的高速发展,一种新的商业模式悄然兴起-电子商务,“网上洗衣服务”这一概念也随之进入到人们生活当中。本文主要介绍了在微信平台的基础上设计的一款针对生活服务类小程序,其主要功能是为家政服务中的衣物送洗提供便利,以此能够解决传统洗衣的弊端,实现人们能够足不出户享受到高效的洗衣服务。     

共享住宿平台消费者信任的形成机制 ——基于扎根理论的案例探究

消费者信任是影响共享住宿平台运营的关键因素.基于吉登斯的信任理论,运用扎根理论方法,对共享住宿平台数据进行编码和建模,研究共享住宿平台消费者信任的形成机制.共享住宿平台消费者信任的形成遵循"住前准备→实际体验→住后评价"这一基本路径.消费者对共享平台的信任主要包括系统信任与人际信任两类,且系统信任会促进人际信任的形成.     

互联网3.0时代的平台经济模式与发展策略

以平台企业为主体,以云计算、区块链等智能技术为支撑的平台生态系统可以高效且规模化地匹配零散需求与供给,成为互联网经济时代下所有经济活动和经济关系的总和,即平台经济。平台经济有利于创造多元商业模式,提升经济运转效率。但平台经济收益是非线性的,具有网络效应且极易形成市场垄断,对监管造成极大困难;平台经济模式的非对称议价行为使平台客户权益难以保护。由此,分别从企业平台化转型和政府监管两个维度提出了具体发展策略:选择合适的平台经济模式,变革传统组织架构,培养平台经济模式下的新技能;鼓励平台经济发展,以协同理念对平台经济进行全方位监管。     

基于信息化的高校综合物流平台的分析与应用-以北京理工大学综合物流平台为例

在总结和分析高校物流现状和各类配送模式的基础上,通过对北京理工大学综合物流平台的实例剖析,探索了基于信息化的高校综合物流平台的技术特点、优势和未来发展趋势,希望为校园物流配送的发展提供借鉴。     

A model for identifying and ranking dangerous accident locations: a case study in Flanders

These days, road safety has become a major concern in most modern societies. In this respect, the determination of road locations that are more dangerous than others (black spots or also called sites with promise) can help in better scheduling road safety policies. The present paper proposes a multivariate model to identify and rank sites according to their total expected cost to the society. Bayesian estimation of the model via a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach is discussed in this paper. To illustrate the proposed model, accident data from 23,184 accident locations in Flanders (Belgium) are used and a cost function proposed by the European Transport Safety Council is adopted to illustrate the model. It is shown in the paper that the model produces insightful results that can help policy makers in prioritizing road infrastructure investments.     

基于网络的教学平台建设与实践应用研究——以独立学院高等数学课程为例

结合广西科技大学鹿山学院高等数学教学平台的构建与教学实践的应用,给出了独立学院高等数学教学平台各功能模块,分析了目前该课程教学平台在实践教学中的效果及存在的问题。     

Hungary on the Road to a Mixed Economy: A Kaleckian Computable General Equilibrium Approach

The change from a centrally planned economy into a market economy is likely to have created a unique situation in economic history. Consequently, no existing economy theory is able to depict the process of transformation. It is argued in this paper that a Kaleckian theoretical approach may provide a starting point for the analysis of the formerly centrally planned economies of Central and Eastern Europe. This approach is applied to Hungary, within the framework of a computable general equilibrium model. A number of policy measures, such as wage constraint, devaluation and mark-up reduction, are considered and their effects on production, inflation and income distribution assessed.     

客户感知价值评价及提升策略研究——以物流公共信息平台为例

市场营销已经进入以客户为中心,提升客户感知价值成为以客户为中心的营销管理成功的关键,而提升客户感知价值需建立在其评价模型基础上。本文以物流公共信息平台为例,通过问卷调查,因子分析等方法建立了客户价值评价模型,提出了物流公共信息平台客户价值提升策略。     

第三方跨境电商结汇平台评价指标体系构建研究 ——基于模糊神经网络

为跨境电商能顺利解决第三方结汇平台的择优甄别问题,首先通过问卷调查法收集商家意愿,再结合文献研究法重构并完善第三方跨境电商结汇平台评价指标体系,构建模糊神经网络模型加以数据训练,使得训练后的模型具有更好的稳定性、预测性和泛化能力.模型可以帮助从事跨境电商领域的商家有针对性地甄别适合的第三方结汇平台,以减少商家在资金结汇...     

A tale of two clusters: knowledge and emergence

Cluster emergence is an important topic but weakly conceptualized in the literature. Focusing on the interaction of the local knowledge pool and firm growth, the paper develops a comprehensive framework to understand cluster emergence. In the framework, the cluster formation process starts with the collision of local and external knowledge which generates an innovation and stimulates the creation of local pioneering firms in a new field. To support the growth of follow-up entrants in the new industry, the local knowledge pool needs to be expanded and deepened through local knowledge sharing and external knowledge inflows. The enlarged local knowledge pool enables local firms to grow and explore other fields further. To promote cluster emergence, public policies need to facilitate the interaction of the local knowledge pool and firm growth. The paper illustrates the interactive framework with two aluminum extrusion clusters in China that emerged in different ways over different time periods.     

Too much of a good thing: The impact of product variety on operations and sales performance

We examine the impact of product variety decisions on an operational measure – unit fill rate – and on sales performance. Results are estimated using weekly data over three years from 108 distribution centers of a major soft drink bottler. Our results show that fill rates are negatively associated with product variety at a diminishing rate. In addition, we examine the total effect of product variety on sales including both the direct effect and the indirect effect through operations performance. The total impact of product variety on sales initially is positive, although at a diminishing rate. However, beyond a certain level, increased product variety actually results in lower sales; that is, “too much of a good thing”. Thus, the findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of product variety on operations and sales performance.     

Varieties of agents in agent-based computational economics: A historical and an interdisciplinary perspective

In this paper, we trace four origins of agent-based computational economics (ACE), namely, the markets origin, the cellular-automata origin, the tournaments origin, and the experiments origin. Along with this trace, we examine how these origins have motivated different concepts and designs of agents in ACE, which starts from the early work on simple programmed agents, randomly behaving agents, zero-intelligence agents, human-written programmed agents, autonomous agents, and empirically calibrated agents, and extends to the newly developing cognitive agents, psychological agents, and culturally sensitive agents. The review also shows that the intellectual ideas underlying these varieties of agents cross several disciplines, which may be considered as a part of a general attempt to study humans (and their behavior) with an integrated interdisciplinary foundation.     

金融发展、经济增长及政府职能——文献综述和基于中国经济的分析

简要回顾了改革开放以来中国金融发展历程;介绍了两种经济增长理论,即平衡增长理论和非均衡增长理论;阐述了金融发展与经济增长的关系;并对政府作用的三种理论:亲善市场理论、国家推动发展论,市场增进论进行了探讨与分析;最后提出了政策建议。通过对经济增长模式、金融发展的衡量指标,以及传统的政府职能理论方面的分析,为中国转型阶段的政府职能导向提出一些初步的见解。