The world monetary system after postponement of the substitution account

Recently the Interim Committee of the International Monetary Fund met in Hamburg without making significant progress on the proposal for a substitution account. One of the main initiatives toward restructuring the international monetary system thus was postponed if not indefinitely suspended. What problem was the substitution account designed to solve? Can it be solved without the substitution account?     

The Euro's Impact on China

ByQianYouweistaffEditorAnopportunityalwayscoexistswithachallenge.AndtheadoptionofasinglecurrencybythememberstatesoftheEuropeanUnion(EU)willcertainlyraisethecompetitivenessoftheirenterprises.FiercecompetitionwilloccurnotonlyinEurope,butontheinternationalmarketaswell,particularlyinthefinancialfield.TwodaysaftertheEUdeclaredthelaunchoftheEurofromJanuary1,1999,China'sForeignMinistryspokesmansaidatapressconference,'ChinathinksthattheadoptionoftheEurowillforcefullypushforwardEurope'sintegrat…     

The monetary model strikes back: Evidence from the world

We revisit the dramatic failure of monetary models in explaining exchange rate movements. Using the information content from 98 countries, we find strong evidence for cointegration between nominal exchange rates and monetary fundamentals. We also find fundamentals-based models very successful in beating a random walk in out-of-sample prediction.     

LDCs and world monetary reform

A link between the creation of Special Drawing Rights and the financing of development aid is under discussion in order to meet the developing countries’ demands for an adequate supply with international liquidity. This article expounds critically a number of objections raised against this concept.     

Stabilisation of the monetary system

The devaluation of the British Pound and the most speculation in gold and the dollar have lead to a hectic activity on the part of the monetary authorities in the industrial countries of the West. It is unlikely that anybody should have regarded the splitting up of the gold market—necessary though it was as a counter-measure—as a panacea which would prove efficacious in the long run. At the meeting in Stockholm of the Club of Ten the attempt was therefore made to parry the diminshing importance of gold within the monetary system by a speedier activation of the Special Drawing Rights—“the paper gold”. This constituted without doubt a decisive step towards rationalising and stabilising the international monetary system.     

Japan and the international monetary system

The 1970s saw the recurrence of major turmoil in the international monetary scene in which Japan played no small part. Japan’s response to past monetary upheavals has always been passive and there were occasions when its passivity and delayed response so undermined the working of the monetary system that an eventual explosion became inevitable. This article tries to trace the underlying causes of Japan’s behavioural pattern in an international monetary sphere and identify positive roles it can and should play against the background of a likely revolution in the international monetary system in the future. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A02GP009 00002     

EMS: a model for a world monetary order?

In the debate about the world monetary order there is agreement that greater stability in international currency relationships would be desirable. Could a system of fixed exchange rates between the currencies of the major industrial countries put an end to the present instability? What would be the advantages and weaknesses of such a system modelled on the EMS?     

Regime-switching and interest rates in the European monetary system

This paper examines the impact that a currency target zone has on short-term interest rates. For a number of countries in the European Monetary System, we characterize the short rate using a regime-switching model that allows for a differently parameterized mean-reverting square-root process in each regime. We find that the volatility, the level, and the speed-of-adjustment are all higher in the regime that is operative during speculative attacks and currency crises. Moreover, we allow the conditional probability of being in each regime to be state-dependent so the model can be used to examine questions relating to the likelihood of realignments and the stability of the target zone system.     

Bitcoin price growth and Indonesia's monetary system

Concerned by the volatility of Bitcoin price growth (BPG), Bank Indonesia—Indonesia's central bank—discourages trading cryptocurrencies. We examine the relationship between Bitcoin price growth (BPG) and Indonesia's monetary aggregates (inflation, real exchange rate, and money velocity). In doing so, we develop the conceptual link between Bitcoin and monetary aggregates. We find strong and robust evidence that BPG leads to inflation growth, currency appreciation, and a reduction in money velocity. Our results have policy implications for other central banks in terms of achieving stability of the monetary system if BPG is indeed a concern for those countries.     

"走出去"难在体制桎梏

中国是吸收外资大国,又是对外投资小国。累计吸收外资已突破3500亿美元,而累计投资仅76亿多美元。仅占全球对外投资总量的0.1气我们一边鼓励企业"走出去",一边却使"障碍"让企业难以"走出去"。     

The european monetary system 1979–1987: Why has it worked?

The European Monetary System has remained relatively stable in the eight years of its existence. The following article analyses the factors that have contributed to this stability and assesses the prospects for the system in the years to come.     

Consolidating the international monetary system:existing defects and reforming avenues

After the Subprime crisis in 2007,the urgent need and intensified interest in the reform of the international monetary system has echoed around the world.This paper seeks to inform the instability and fragility of the system,and the according avenues to reform.     

The smell of the place

Lynda Gratton has pioneered a special field of management; her quest is to find employees and companies that "glow", to learn about people and organizations that abound with enthusiasm, innovation, productivity and an effervescent espirit de corps. How does one identify a glowing business? It's important, she says, to first identify "the smell of the place".