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1.
This paper provides new evidence that bouts of optimism and pessimism are an important source of U.S. business cycles, using the identification schemes based on sign restrictions. We document that identified optimism and pessimism shocks account for about 30% of U.S. business‐cycle fluctuations in hours and output. In addition, our empirical findings are consistent with the intensive‐ and extensive‐margin adjustments in the U.S. labor market over business cycles, providing further support to optimism shocks being an important source of U.S. business cycles. The identified optimism shocks are at least partially rational as total factor productivity is found to rise 8–12 quarters after an initial bout of optimism. While this later finding is consistent with some previous findings in the news shock literature, we cannot rule out that such episodes reflect self‐fulfilling beliefs.  相似文献   

2.
We provide robust evidence that news shocks about future investment‐specific technology (IST) constitute a significant force behind U.S. business cycles. Positive IST news shocks induce comovement, that is, raise output, consumption, investment, and hours. These shocks account for 70% of the business cycle variation in output, hours, and consumption, and 60% of the variation in investment, and have played an important role in 9 of the last 10 U.S. recessions. Our findings provide strong support for shifting focus to IST news shocks when investigating the role of news in driving U.S. business cycles.  相似文献   

3.
基于2013-2017年《中国文化及相关产业统计年鉴》数据,采用C-D生产函数法和Malmquist指数法分别测算中国传媒产业的资本、劳动力要素市场扭曲度以及全要素生产率。结果显示:中国传媒产业劳动力要素存在较大的负向扭曲,资本要素存在负向扭曲和正向扭曲两极分化现象,全要素生产率存在不稳定现象。用一般最小二乘法回归模型考察要素市场扭曲对全要素生产率的作用,发现中国传媒要素市场扭曲度与全要素生产率呈正相关,且劳动要素扭曲度效应大于资本要素扭曲度效应。结果表明,中国传媒产业全要素增长的一部分贡献率来自于要素市场扭曲,这在长期内会抑制中国传媒产业发展。因此,降低市场壁垒,促进市场竞争,消除要素市场扭曲,有利于提升传媒产业全要素生产率。  相似文献   

4.
    
There is substantial agreement in the monetary policy literature over the effects of exogenous monetary policy shocks. The shocks that are investigated, however, almost exclusively represent unanticipated changes in policy, which surprise the private sector and which are typically found to have a delayed and sluggish effect on output. In this paper, we estimate a New Keynesian model that incorporates news about future policies to try to disentangle the anticipated and unanticipated components of policy shocks. The paper shows that the conventional estimates confound two distinct effects on output: an effect due to unanticipated or “surprise” shocks, which is smaller and more short‐lived than the response usually obtained in the literature, and a large, delayed, and persistent effect due to anticipated policy shocks or “news.” News shocks play a larger role in influencing the business cycle than unanticipated policy shocks, although the overall fraction of economic fluctuations that can be attributed to monetary policy remains limited.  相似文献   

5.
本研究运用30家小额信贷机构2005~2009年的投入产出数据和基于数据包络分析(DEA)的Malmquist生产率指数法,对小额信贷机构的全要素生产率进行测算和分解.实证结果表明:在时间序列上,30家小额信贷机构整体全要素生产力呈下降趋势.引起生产力下降的原因是规模效率低和技术进步缓慢,规模和技术进步成为小额信贷机构...  相似文献   

6.
基于2011—2021年我国文化上市企业面板数据,实证探究数字金融发展对文化企业全要素生产率的影响及其作用路径。结果表明:数字金融发展可以显著提升文化上市企业的全要素生产率,且这种促进作用可以通过驱动技术创新、缓解融资约束以及提高资源配置效率来实现;此外,数字金融还因企业基本特征、信息披露质量以及市场竞争程度而表现出差异化影响。因此,要加快推进数字金融发展,充分发挥数字金融的价值发现功能和技术服务优势,为新发展阶段推进文化产业高质量发展,不断提升中国特色社会主义文化整体实力和竞争力注入新的动能。  相似文献   

7.
本文从保险功能的视角出发,使用Malmquist指数方法研究了1999年~2006年中国保险业全要素生产率的变动情况。研究发现,中国保险业全要素生产率有明显提高。比较而言,寿险公司好于非寿险公司;股份公司好于国有公司;合资公司好于外资和中资公司;国有保险公司改革成果显著。全要素生产率提高主要得益于技术进步和技术创新,规模效率出现衰退,追求规模发展对中国保险业意义重大。  相似文献   

8.
    
Conventionally, the policymakers relied on three policy alternatives to manage business cycles – debt-financed government spending, debt-financed tax rebate and interest rate. While the first two are fiscal policy instruments, the latter is a monetary policy instrument. This paper aims to capture interactions among Indian monetary and fiscal policy actions, and the impact of such policy actions on select macroeconomic variables for the period 1990Q1–2011Q4. The policy actions are identified using the sign restrictions approach combined with magnitude restrictions in a Structural Vector Autoregression framework, and interpreted using impulse responses and variance decomposition. The results show that Indian monetary policy responds to tax rebate shocks and spending shocks differently. In the case of a tax rebate shock, Indian monetary policy responds by reducing interest rates thereby accommodating fiscal expansion. On the opposite, monetary policy seems not to accommodate expenditure shocks. Interestingly, the monetary policy shock is accompanied by a fiscal expansion that threatens the credibility of the central bank actions, thus indicating fiscal policy dominance. A comparison of the efficacy of the policies suggests that the interest rate is more effective in stimulating output. Out of the two fiscal policy instruments analysed, the tax rebate seems to be the better option for stimulating output considering the output-debt trade-off.  相似文献   

9.
We review the growth experience of middle-income countries. Economic factors associated with growth appear to differ between middle-income and other countries. The efficiency of the financial system is importantly related to the growth rate in low- and middle-income countries, but appears to matter less as one moves up the income scale. Demographic variables also matter importantly in low-income countries. In middle-income countries, in contrast, measures of the financial system no longer appear to matter as importantly, as if inefficiencies in banking and financial systems are no longer as binding a constraint as at earlier stages of financial development; nor are demographic variables as important as before. At this point, other variables gain a growing role: these include whether the country experiences a banking or currency crisis, the extent of non-foreign direct investment capital inflows, and government debt as a share of gross domestic product.  相似文献   

10.
运用Metafrontier-Mamlqusit-Luenberger生产率指数(MML指数)测度了2006~2010年中国88家证券公司的全要素生产率及其分解成分,并对影响全要素生产率的环境因素进行了实证分析。结果表明,在技术落差比率方面,创新类证券公司走势较为平稳,规范类证券公司呈上升的趋势,其它类证券公司则呈现倒V型;总体上,中国证券公司的全要素生产率是下降的,只有规范类证券公司MML指数大于1,技术退步是导致中国证券公司全要素生产率下降的主要因素,而纯技术追赶则有拉高中国证券公司全要素生产率的态势;规范类和其他类证券公司的纯技术追赶值明显大于1;股价指数和资产结构对证券公司全要素生产率的提高有促进作用,国际金融危机则对证券公司的全要素生产率有显著的负作用,其他因素对全要素生产率的影响则不显著。  相似文献   

11.
依据2005-2021年A股上市企业数据,运用SVAR-SV模型,逐步分离宏观经济冲击和货币政策水平冲击,构建货币政策不确定性指数,考量货币政策不确定性对企业全要素生产率的影响.结果显示:相较于金融摩擦机制,货币政策不确定性主要通过实物期权和增长期权机制抑制企业全要素生产率增长;受企业异质性影响,货币政策不确定性对国有控股、中小规模和中西部企业全要素生产率的抑制效果更为显著.  相似文献   

12.
Sectoral comovement of output and hours worked is a prominent feature of business cycle data. However, most two‐sector neoclassical models fail to generate this sectoral comovement. We construct and estimate a two‐sector neoclassical Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DGSE) model generating sectoral comovement in response to both anticipated and unanticipated shocks. The key to our model's success is a significant degree of intersectoral labor immobility, which we estimate using data on sectoral hours worked. Furthermore, we demonstrate that imperfect intersectoral labor mobility provides a better explanation for the sectoral comovement than an alternative model emphasizing the role of labor‐supply wealth effects.  相似文献   

13.
利用我国A股上市公司2004-2010年的数据,使用基于DEA的Malmquist指数,考量外资并购对目标企业全要素生产率的影响,结果发现:外资并购有助于提高我国目标企业的全要素生产率,提升效应主要来自于对技术进步的推动;主并方来自于亚洲的并购比来自于欧美的并购对我国目标企业生产率的提升作用更好。相对于非国有企业,外资并购对国有企业生产率的提升效应更强。  相似文献   

14.
本文基于中国大陆1995-2009年省级面板数据,实证检验了外商直接投资对全要素生产率增长的促进作用是否依赖于金融发展水平的问题。结果发现:只有当金融发展水平越过门槛值之后,外商直接投资才会产生显著的全要素生产率增长效应;目前中国金融发展水平尚未进入这一阶段,而且本身也不足以对全要素生产率增长产生积极的贡献。  相似文献   

15.
运用固定效应模型,依据手工查找最低工资标准数据和中国城市面板数据,考量最低工资标准对绿色全要素生产率的影响。结果表明:提升最低工资标准对绿色全要素生产率负向影响显著。机制检验显示:最低工资标准通过技术创新和要素替代效应两个渠道抑制绿色全要素生产率的增长。异质性分析显示:最低工资标准对绿色全要素生产率的抑制作用存在区域、城市规模和城市等级的差异,对西部地区抑制作用显著,城市规模越小、行政等级越低,抑制作用越显著。鉴于此,应完善最低工资制度,加速推进要素禀赋结构转型,实施地区差异化的环境规制和技术升级政策,加强区域经济联动,协同推动绿色全要素生产率整体提升。  相似文献   

16.
近年来,我国信托业的快速发展不仅体现在管理资产规模的快速扩张上,也体现在经营效率的提升方面。本文基于Malmquist模型,使用2007—2013年51家信托公司经营数据测度了信托业全要素生产率及其收敛性。实证研究表明,样本数据期内我国信托业全要素生产率平均增速为4.6%,主要受到技术效率增长推动,技术进步增速表现不佳。信托业全要素生产率增速的区域特征非常显著,中部地区明显高于西部和东部地区。同时,通过σ检验和绝对β收敛检验发现,我国信托业全要素生产率增速具有显著的收敛性,各地区差距呈现缩小态势,不过行业调整和转型发展可能会打破这种收敛态势。  相似文献   

17.
农业全要素生产率是衡量农业高质量发展的核心指标,而农村电子商务的兴起为突破传统农业生产效率瓶颈提供了新路径。为此,基于2010—2020年县级面板数据,以电子商务进农村综合示范政策作为准自然实验,构建交叠双重差分(DID)模型,系统评估该政策对农业全要素生产率的影响。结果表明:电子商务进农村综合示范政策的实施显著提升了农业全要素生产率,并在一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;机制分析揭示政策通过“收入增长-剩余劳动力转移”“产业集聚”及“高标准生产”三条路径提升农业全要素生产率;并且该政策的影响具有明显的区域异质性,在中西部、贫困县及农业强县更为显著,凸显其对欠发达地区的包容性驱动作用。基于此,应持续推进电子商务进农村综合示范政策,加强农村数字基础设施建设,并针对欠发达地区提供更具针对性的政策支持,以充分发挥电子商务在农业高质量发展中的驱动作用。  相似文献   

18.
基于非期望产出SBM模型测度Malmguist生产率指数,揭示中国绿色全要素生产率增长的空间不平衡特征,进一步探究其成因,结果表明:东部地区绿色全要素生产率增长较快,中部地区次之,西部地区相对较慢。从结构组成因素看,“十五”时期和“十二五”时期技术进步的差距是导致不同地区绿色全要素生产率增长差异的主要原因,而“十一五”时期则以技术效率为主。从外部影响因素看,缩小城市化、产业结构合理化和市场化在地区间的不平衡可以有效促使不同地区绿色全要素生产率实现均衡发展。  相似文献   

19.
    
We examine the macroeconomic effects of bidding for the Olympic Games using panel data for 188 countries during the period 1950–2009. Our findings confirm that economies react to news shocks: investment, consumption, and output significantly increase 9 to 7 years before the actual event in bidding countries. Hosting countries also experience significant increases in investment, consumption, and output 5 to 2 years before the hosting of the Games. Mapping the Olympics into a macroeconomic model, we show that we can match our empirical findings if we assume that an Olympic bid represents news about increases in government investment.  相似文献   

20.
依据 2011—2022 年中国A 股上市公司数据,考量企业信息透明度对全要素生产率的影响。结果显示:企业信息透明度与全要素生产率之间呈显著正相关性。较高的信息透明度有助于企业降低信息不对称成本,优化资源配置,提高生产效率,带动全要素生产率提升。信息透明度的提升主要通过增加股价信息含量、缓解融资约束和提高客户稳定度,提升企业全要素生产率,且国际化、市场化和法治化程度越高,提升作用更明显。鉴于此,需创新企业信息披露机制,完善信息披露标准,增强信息披露时效性,加大市场监管和违规惩戒力度,提升全要素生产率。  相似文献   

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