论我国金融控股公司的模式选择

在全球金融混业浪潮中,金融控股公司成为混业经营首选的组织模式.同时,入世后我国金融业将面临着前所未有的挑战.文中结合美日等国金融业发展状况,提出构建以银行为主体的金融控股公司模式.     

浅谈湖南农村信用社金融风险形成的原因与对策

农村信用社作为最基层的金融机构,现已成为农村金融的主力军。农村信用社在服务"三农"支持地方经济发展方面,发挥着不可替代的重要作用。农村信用社的金融风险也随着业务的拓展而不断膨胀,越来越受到人们的关注。     

Nonlinearity in the effects of financial development and financial structure on unemployment

The positive role of the financial sector in promoting economic growth has been well established among academics and practitioners since the early 1990s. However, more recently, there has been increasing evidence pointing to a vanishing, and even negative, effect of financial sectors at high levels of financial depth, particularly since the global financial crisis of 2007?2009. Too much finance could hurt growth. The paper shifts the focus towards labor market outcomes by examining whether too much finance also hurts unemployment. Using a dynamic simultaneous model via system GMM estimation and a panel of 97 OECD and non-OECD countries for the period 1991–2015, we find that the answer depends on the type of finance and the extent of a country’s labor market flexibility. Specifically, (i) too much financial development hurts unemployment for countries with more rigid labor markets; (ii) too bank-centered or too little market-oriented financial systems worsen unemployment, particularly for countries with more flexible labor markets; and (iii) too much credit to private enterprises deteriorates unemployment in countries with more rigid labor markets, whereas too little credit to households worsens unemployment in countries with more flexible labor markets. Evidence also shows that these unemployment consequences possibly run through investment and entrepreneurship channels.     

广西地市级农村合作金融机构竞争策略探讨

文章分析了农村金融的发展对广西地市级农村合作金融机构提出的要求,针对广西地市级农村合作金融机构的优势和劣势、机遇与挑战,提出了提升竞争能力的对策建议。     

Identifying the effects of firing restrictions through size-contingent differences in regulation

We study the effects of the more stringent employment protection legislation (EPL) that applies in Italy to firms with over 15 employees. We consider firms' propensity to grow when close to that threshold and changes in employment policies when they pass it. Using a comprehensive matched employer–employees dataset, we find that the probability of firms' growth is reduced by around 2 percentage points near the threshold. Using the stochastic transition matrix for firm size, we compute the long-run effects of EPL on the size distribution, finding that they are quantitatively modest. We also find that, contrary to the implications of more stringent firing restrictions, workers in firms just above the threshold have on average less stable employment relations than those just below it. We document that this might be because firms above the threshold make greater use of flexible employment contracts, arguably to circumvent the stricter regulation on open-end contracts.     

Regional differences in environments for enterprises

Over the past decade there has been a strong emphasis on the analysis of local economic development. Current research on local development has strongly promoted endogenous growth mechanisms, stressing factors such as local entrepreneurship, social networks, synergy, innovativity, dynamic learning processes and factor flexibility. Accordingly, there has been an increasing interest in the role of innovations and their diffusion in regional development and growth. However, few studies have focused on lagging regions and the problems that they are faced with. This paper attempts to chart the existing regional differences in environments for enterprises in Finland following the concept of innovative milieu.     

政策网络的结构与治理:以我国房地产宏观调控政策为例

房地产的宏观调控是我国政府公共管理能力的核心体现,然而,近年来其调控效果并不显著.作为一种新兴的分析工具--政策网络能较好地掌握与处理多元角色参与公共政策制定的议题.因此,本文从政策网络的视角,通过理论研究和案例分析,探讨房地产政策网络的结构特征及其治理机制.研究发现:我国房地产宏观调控的困境关键在于政策网络的开放度太...     

基于提高安徽省财政支农资金使用绩效的思考

文章在对2003～2007年间安徽省财政支农资金的增长、使用、分配及管理情况的综合分析基础上,提出了调整和优化财政支农资金的支出结构,并提出建立健全的资金管理制度、创新资金管理等机制提高安徽省财政支农资金的使用绩效的对策建议。     

浅谈中小企业财务会计内部控制机制的建立

中小企业财务会计内部控制体系是企业管理重要的环节。文中提出了建立中小企业财务会计内部控制的原则、内涵、外部监督和人员素质等问题。以完善财务会计的内部控制体系,促进中小企业快速发展。     

Nonparametric model validations for hidden Markov models with applications in financial econometrics

We address the nonparametric model validation problem for hidden Markov models with partially observable variables and hidden states. We achieve this goal by constructing a nonparametric simultaneous confidence envelope for transition density function of the observable variables and checking whether the parametric density estimate is contained within such an envelope. Our specification test procedure is motivated by a functional connection between the transition density of the observable variables and the Markov transition kernel of the hidden states. Our approach is applicable for continuous-time diffusion models, stochastic volatility models, nonlinear time series models, and models with market microstructure noise.     

Cross-national differences in cognitive style: implications for management

An important obstacle to productive working relationships between managers from different countries may be cross-cultural variations in cognitive style. This study examined the traditional dichotomy between the 'intuitive' East and the rational or 'analytic' West. A total of 394 managers from six nations and 360 management students from five nations completed the Cognitive Style Index, a self-report measure of the intuitive-analytic dimension. Reliability coefficients suggested that the properties of the instrument are broadly consistent across cultures. Comparison of mean scores showed that the most intuitive groups were located in the Anglo, North European and European Latin slices of Hickson and Pugh's 'culture cake', and the most analytic were in the Developing Countries and Arab categories. On the basis of these findings, it is argued that it may be more fruitful to classify nations in terms of their stage of industrial development rather than the hemisphere in which they are located. Ways of overcoming difficulties in encounters between managers from different cultures may include training in how to identify, respond to and change cognitive styles, and the selection of individuals or management teams whose styles are compatible with those of their foreign counterparts.     

对我国农业保险补贴制度的思考

文章认为,目前我国的农业保险市场处于萎缩状态,其重要原因之一就是缺少政府力量的支持,政府补贴缺位,因此,有必要明确财政补贴的必要性,了解我国农业保险补贴的困境,以探寻我国农业保险补贴的出路,这对我国农业经济的发展意义重大。     

Reverse logistics optimisation for waste collection and disposal in health institutions: the case of Turkey

Waste management in health institutions has become important in recent years because of the increase in population and industrialisation. Waste generated from health institutions has risks for human health and the environment. Therefore, this paper presents a reverse logistics optimisation for waste collection and disposal in Turkish health institutions. A multiperiod, multitype product waste reverse logistics network was designed to build an effective collection and disposal system for waste generated from health institutions in Turkey. A mixed integer linear programming model was developed to determine the optimal number and locations of the facilities for efficient waste management in health care by minimising the total cost. In this context, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the impact of the incremental changes of waste amounts on the optimal reverse logistics network. According to increasing waste amounts, the numbers of changes in facilities are analysed and strategies are specified.     

扩大北京市城市建设资金来源发行城市建设债券势在必行

作者认为,扩大北京市城市建设资金来源,发行城市建设债券势在必行,并对市政债券的用途,发行债券可能带来的问题及需要解决的问题进行了分析。     

基于职业能力培养的高职《财务管理》课程教学设计构想

高职《财务管理》课程的教学设计,应在明确课程定位和教学目标的基础上,以企业财务管理工作过程为主线,以真实的工作任务为载体,形成学习情境,序化为教学内容,紧紧围绕学生全面职业能力培养的教学目标,综合运用多种教学方法,设计以学生为中心的课堂教学模式。     

The importance of small differences: the effects of research design on the comparative study of industrial relations reform in Australia and New Zealand

The aim of this paper is to explore the limitations associated with a most similar case research design. It argues that by adopting a most similar case research design, comparative work on industrial relations reform in Australia and New Zealand during the 1980s and 1990s has systematically ignored important historical differences between the two countries, underestimated the similarities in recent reforms and privileged organizational and institutional explanations for changes in industrial relations systems, at the expense of those which are based on systemic factors and material interests. More generally, this paper argues that methodological choices have significant consequences for the types of explanations generated by comparative research and that more serious attention needs be given to the epistemological assumptions embedded in research designs that are taken up by industrial relations researchers.     

Banking efficiency in South East Europe: Evidence for financial crises and the gap between new EU members and candidate countries

In this study we compare the cost efficiency of banks in ten South East European countries and find out how differences in efficiency are related to EU membership. The results reveal a statistically significant cost efficiency gap between EU and non-EU banking systems in the region, where on average EU banking systems tend to be more cost efficient than their non-EU counterparts. In contrast to other similar studies analyzing banking efficiency in South East European countries, we also run β-convergence and σ-convergence tests, as proposed in the literature. Based on these tests we can draw conclusions concerning the existence of a catching-up effect, since the detected cost efficiency gap is closing predominantly because of adjustments on the side of the less efficient banks. Additionally, we found that during the 2008 global financial crisis, the average cost efficiency scores of banks in the region improved, which could be explained by enhanced incentives of bank managers for intensified cost optimization in banks in crisis times. Our results suggest that the institutional adjustments in the non-EU countries should continue towards EU standards, as the EU banking systems tend to dominate in terms of measured cost efficiency.     

浅析当代中美文化表象差异的表现及其原因

随着经济全球化的发展以及全球范围内人员的交流越来越频繁,文化的交融与互补趋向白热化。在这种大潮流下中美之间的交流也渗透到各个领域,彼此交流学习。中美各属不同文化、意识形态,因此之间存在的差异也是显而易见的。文章将站在中美文化表现这个角度,首先对文化这一概念进行阐述,然后对比中美文化表象的差异,最后通过分析中美文化中的种种差异的一些具体表现来探讨这些差异形成的原因。     

Accounting for labor demand effects in structural labor supply models

When assessing the effects of policy reforms on the labor market, most studies only focus on labor supply. The interaction of supply and demand is not explicitly modeled, which might lead to biased estimates of potential labor market outcomes. This paper proposes a straightforward method to remedy this shortcoming. We use information on firms' labor demand behavior and feed them into a structural labor supply model, completing the partial analysis of the labor market on the microdata level. We show the performance and relevance of our extension by introducing a pure labor supply side reform, the workfare concept, in Germany and simulating the labor market outcome of the reform. We find that demand effects offset about 25% of the positive labor supply effect of the policy reform.     

Testing for random effects in panel models with spatially correlated disturbances

In the empirical analysis of panel data the Breusch–Pagan (BP) statistic has become a standard tool to infer on unobserved heterogeneity over the cross-section. Put differently, the test statistic is central to discriminate between the pooled regression and the random effects model. Conditional versions of the test statistic have been provided to immunize inference on unobserved heterogeneity against random time effects or patterns of spatial error correlation. Panel data models with spatially correlated error terms are typically set out under the presumption of some known adjacency matrix parameterizing the correlation structure up to a scaling factor. This paper delivers a bootstrap scheme to generate critical values for the BP statistic allowing robust inference under misspecification of the adjacency matrix. Moreover, asymptotic results are derived for the case of a finite cross-section and infinite time dimension. Finite sample simulations show that misspecification of spatial covariance features could lead to large size distortions, while the robust bootstrap procedure retains asymptotic validity.