Transfer of Marketing Knowledge Within Business‐Nonprofit Collaborations

Companies often develop collaborative joint ventures with nonprofits, and sometimes help their nonprofit partners with the marketing activities associated with these projects. Often, the assistance furnished is embodied in a transfer of knowledge from a firm to a nonprofit and involves knowledge about marketing techniques, strategies and methods. This article presents the results of a survey concerning the extents, natures and effectiveness of marketing knowledge transfers taking place between 291 UK enterprises and their nonprofit partner organisations. The survey covered the knowledge transfer methods that companies employed, the scope of the knowledge communicated, the factors that encouraged or impeded marketing knowledge transfer, and the considerations that determined which partner completed most of the marketing tasks associated with a project. It emerged that knowledge transfers occurred mainly through face‐to‐face communications, though with little formal teamworking. Both the extent and the effectiveness of transfers depended on the degree of marketing knowledge within the nonprofit partner, on levels of knowledge specificity and project complexity, and on the financial importance of the collaboration. The extent of knowledge transfer was additionally influenced by cultural and organisational distance. Similar considerations affected commercial partners' decisions to do most of the marketing work required by a collaboration. Such decisions were especially likely if anti‐marketing bias existed within the nonprofit organisation and if the nonprofit's staff knew little about marketing.     

Opportunities,contradictions and attitudes: The evolution of university–business engagement since 1960

The culture and attitudes of any institution are shaped by history and this may affect absorptive capacity and adjustment to change or responses to challenge or opportunity. The article explores how responses to policy initiatives played out within individual universities and the implications this had for their business engagement. The patterns of business engagement are related to the histories of the individual universities, identifying those forces which helped to shape the ‘rules of the game’ and explaining the similarities and differences in experience.     

Common Context for Decisions and their Implementations

Decisions are frequently sent to implementers without the context that guided them. It should not be a surprise, then, that results are not as expected. The lack of supplementary information and a common context produces wrongly implemented or lost decisions. This paper proposes a solution to this problem based on groupware technology. In particular, a combination of tools including shared workspaces, process modeling with workflow and a discussion tool, is proposed. A case is used to illustrate the problem and its solution.     

跨国公司内部市场业务知识的转移

跨国公司的一个竞争优势是在全球范围内利用本地创造知识的能力。因此,如何有效地在各个子公司以及子公司与母公司之间转移知识显得尤为重要。跨国公司市场知识转移的重要性以及影响市场知识转移有效性的因素,对我国企业国际经营有很大的启示。     

Developing learning capabilities through a quality management program

This study examines the development of learning capabilities through the implementation of a quality management program in services, based on a case study of transplantation management. The findings show how the introduction of an online system, based on a quality management program, underpinned the knowledge-building capacity of the organization. The results contribute to service literature by addressing how a quality management program links to organizational learning process directly and through building-up organizational knowledge. The implementation of a quality management program allows knowledge building through identification and socialization of tacit knowledge and combination of explicit knowledge. The development of learning capabilities fostered by the introduction of this program occurs under conditions that contribute to the building-up of organizational knowledge. Organizational learning is enhanced during this implementation through an incremental process that detects errors and corrects behavior and/or alters organizations premises, standards and values. This organizational learning helps to upgrade the overall process.     

转移支付与我国地区收入差距的收敛分析

转移支付是政府协调区域经济的重要政策手段,本文测算和分析1995年-2004年省区收入的收敛检验,并运用计量方法分析了1994年分税制改革以后转移支付与地区经济收敛的关系,得出的结论是:收入的收敛模式在全国范围内没有绝对收敛,也没有条件收敛,转移支付总体上没有达到缩小地区收入差距的效果,并且突出表现在中部和西部地区。此外本文还试图解释了现行转移支付不能缩小地区收入差距的原因,并给出相关的政策建议。     

企业知识价值链的构建与知识价值实现路径研究

企业知识价值链的研究经历了一个不断发展完善的过程,本文在总结前人研究成果的基础上,综合考虑企业内外部知识活动,针对原有研究对企业外部知识流动缺乏考虑的不足,构建了一个修正的知识价值链模型,延伸了原有的企业知识价值链。另外就知识价值的实现问题从理论和实践两个层面进行了具体描述,为企业的知识管理实践提供参考。     

知识转移的认知模型及其在企业管理中的应用

知识逐渐成为公司的基础资产,知识转移在组织中越来越重要。技术方法在知识转移中的作用并不令人满意。因此通过知识转移的认知模型,从认知角度分析知识转移困难的原因;及信息技术选择的重要性,以促进知识转移。     

技术差距与跨国公司的技术转移——基于我国制造业行业面板数据的实证研究

现有的理论与实证研究表明,技术差距对跨国公司技术转移的影响是非线性的。通过对我国制造业行业面板数据的实证分析表明,在整体上,技术差距的缩小、市场需求的提高促进了跨国公司对华技术转移。并进一步发现技术差距对跨国公司技术转移的影响只体现在技术差距较小的行业,在技术差距较大的行业,跨国公司更注重市场需求因素的影响。     

贸易模式、汇率传递与人民币汇率安排

结合中国现行贸易模式的特点,文章从社会福利最大化目标入手,采用了新政治经济学中关于汇率制度战略选择的研究方法,对进一步扩大人民币汇率弹性和汇率升值的影响进行了分析.研究发现,加工贸易和一般贸易对汇率变动的反应弹性差异很大,不同国际贸易模式下的汇率传递系数是不同的.因此如果我国现行对外贸易依然以加工贸易为主,扩大汇率波动幅度在理论上并不会对我国社会福利产生严重影响.研究结果进一步支持加大汇率弹性更有利于丰富货币政策当局的工具选择范围,有助于国内货币政策独立性的保持,也有助于推进出口产业的结构调整和升级.是当前人民币汇率制度改革方向的合理选择.     

虚拟企业知识协同效应的形成机理与综合评价

以企业资源理论和协同效应理论为基础,运用层次分析法(AHP)并结合实例,分析虚拟企业的优势资源,并对各类优势资源的作用情况进行评价,不难看出:虚拟企业是以知识经济为主要元素的各成员企业以各自的优势知识资源为条件参与的虚拟联盟;在虚拟企业平台上,通过整合运用各种优质知识资源,能够发挥它们在不同领域的协同效应,其"合力"是构成虚拟企业整体的知识协同效应的关键。