基于CMM/CMMI的SQA过程在信息系统开发中的应用研究

SQA是CMM/CMMI的关键过程域之一,文章通过在信息系统开发中引入SQA的对比,阐述了SQA作为独立的第三方在信息系统开发中的工作过程及重要作用。     

面向质检部门的软件产品质量检验方法探究

第一个软件质量保证(SQA)出现在美国军方的软件开发合同中,是为了保证软件质量而制定的有计划、系统化的行为模式。在一个软件组织中,有多个机构对软件的的质量负有责任,他们是:客户、市场营销人员、SQA小组成员、项目管理者、软件工程师等。统观其质量保证体系现状,软件的质量管理是     

面向小企业的质量奖—北瑞典质量奖的成功

自从1987年美国波多里奇启动以来,其他国家(或地区)质量奖也纷纷建立,促进了世界上不同地区的质量改进.1992年SIQ(瑞典质量研究所)在瑞典设立了瑞典质量奖(SQA).这一奖项以及SQA的一些活动对瑞典国内的质量进展有很大的影响.但是由实践经验得出SQA的评价指标对于小企业过于复杂.1996年在北瑞典针对两个县一个地区的质量奖建立起来了,主要的目的是促进地区质量的改进,尤其是在一个小的组织的范围内,并在两个县之间建立更好的合作关系.在几年的时间内,这个奖项比其他的瑞典的地区质量奖有更多的申请者,甚至超过了SQA的申请者.一个原因就是奖项的评定是基于一个特定的模型--Springboard,同其他评价模型相比,它更容易理解,应用简单的语言.本文将描述这个奖项的背景、评价过程、评价模型和它引起的结果和影响.     

研究运用CMM推进软件企业的质量管理

为了贯彻执行国务院 2 0 0 0年 6月颁布的《鼓励软件业和集成电路产业发展若干政策》 ,推动软件企业实施ＣＭＭ ,上海市标准化研究院所属标准化研究中心承担了《推进软件企业实施软件过程改进标准的研究》这一项目。该项目着重研究了国际上软件行业在质量管理上使用最广泛且影响最大的 2 0 0 0版ＩＳＯ 90 0 1、ＣＭＭ和ＩＳＯ/ＩＥＣＴＲ1 5 5 0 4。项目研究成果为推动软件企业实施ＣＭＭ ,提高软件企业的质量管理提供了较为科学、客观的依据。一、国内软件业现状与实施质量管理的重要性　　 1.国内软件业现状及存在问题( 1 )企业规模偏小 …     

浅谈软件测试自动化解决方案

进行测试是软件开发的一个重要环节.本文论述了软件测试自动化测试的实施.从自动测试的好处.影响软件测试自动化实施的因素产生原因等几个方面出发,总结软件自动化测试的方案.     

个体软件过程(PSP)的原理与实施

CMM(能力成熟度模型)主要用于大型软件企业评价软件过程能力等级,难以为个体和小型软件企业所应用。而个体软件过程(PSP)则是专门为后者所开发的。《个体软件过程(PSP)的原理与实施》一文对PSP的基本原理与结构、实施方法与效果以及应注意的问题作了介绍。     

软件产品线的企业工程实践研究

软件产品线作为利用公共资产来构建一系列相关系统的方法，能够显著提高生产率、缩短上市时间、提升产品质量和客户满意度。在过去数十年的实践中，软件产品线技术取得了广泛的成功，但也同时暴露了诸多问题，引来了许多争议。本文阐述了软件产品线的基本概念，根据实际案例探讨了在软件企业中实施软件产品线面临的机遇和挑战，指出了软件产品线的企业工程实践前景。     

软件过程改进的CMM模型

本文对CMM的主要内容,以及实施CMM的现状、前景和成效进行了概述,进而提出软件企业实施CMM的重要性.     

软件过程改进的CMM模型

本文对CMM的主要内容，以及实施CMM的现状、前景和成效进行了概述，进而提出软件企业实施CMM的重要性。     

浅谈中小企业软件项目管理中需要注意的问题

当前很多中小企业都在蓬勃发展,管理软件是支撑企业发展的有力工具.笔者认为,中小企业在实施软件项目的时候要特别关注一些问题.这样,可以在低投入的情况下保证项目的顺利实施.     

基于软件开发企业的客户关系管理浅探

软件开发产业的迅速发展,供过于求的软件开发买方市场已经基本形成的背景下,基于网络的客户关系管理在解决企业和客户之间因交流不够而产生的问题,提高产品质量,实现客户服务与关怀,提高客户的满意度与忠诚度,发掘更多的潜在客户,对订单进行分析预测等具有重要的意义.文中试就CRM在软件开发企业的应用做初步的探讨.     

Evaluating the impact of virtualization characteristics on SaaS adoption

Software as a service (SaaS) is a service model in which the applications are accessible from various client devices through internet. Several studies report possible factors driving the adoption of SaaS but none have considered the perception of the SaaS features and the organization’s context. We propose an integrated research model that combines the process virtualization theory (PVT), the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework and the institutional theory (INT). PVT seeks to explain whether processes are suitable for migration into virtual environments via an information technology-based mechanism as SaaS. The TOE framework seeks to explain the effects of the intra-organizational factors, while INT seeks to explain the effects of the inter-organizational factors on the technology adoption. This research addresses a gap in the SaaS adoption literature by studying the internal perception of the technical features of SaaS and technology, organization, and environment perspectives. Additionally, the integration of PVT, the TOE framework, and INT contributes to the information system (IS) discipline, deepening the applicability and strengths of these theories.     

内部收益率的MathCAD软件算法探究

内部收益率是评价项目很重要的方法。把MathCAD软件算法与财务指标的计算相结合,很好地解决了内部收益率的“三大难题”——精确性、存在性、正实根求解。这种算法的思想完全可以推广到实际工作中,而且将对财务软件的设计起着重要的作用。     

功能点分析方法在建筑工程监督巡查项目开发中的应用

软件项目的度量是软件项目管理的一个重要问题。为在度量中取得合理、有效的结果,研究了功能点分析法在软件项目管理中的应用。首先介绍了功能点分析法的原理,然后结合一个具体的项目——建筑工程监督巡查系统,详细阐述了功能点分析法的运用过程。实践表明,取得了很好的效果。     

A Systematic Study of Change Management During CMMI Implementation: A Modified Activity Theory Perspective

This study proposed a modified activity theory framework, complemented by a dynamic time axis, to analyze each organizational change stage of a two‐phase capability maturity model integration (CMMI) maturity level adoption case. The study revealed the following results: At the planning stage, the involvement of senior executives determined the positive attitude toward change. At the getting started stage, employees' clear recognition of change objectives determined the change effectiveness. At the letting go stage, department heads got involved, understood, and provided both support and mediating activities to achieve the actual benefits. At the completion stage, performance was used as a measurement tool to help internalize the change into new capabilities.     

High commitment HRM and organizational and occupational turnover intentions: the role of organizational and occupational commitment

Using data from 41 managers and 143 chefs from 41 Indonesian restaurants, we examined whether High Commitment Human Resource Management (HCHRM) is negatively related to chefs’ organizational (ORTI) and occupational turnover intentions (OCTI). In addition, we examined whether organizational commitment (ORC) mediates the HCHRM–ORTI relationship and occupational commitment (OCC) moderates the HCHRM–OCTI relationship. Results from hierarchical level modeling analyses (chefs nested in restaurants) showed that HCHRM is negatively related to both chefs’ ORTI and OCTI. In addition ORC mediates the HCHRM–ORTI relationship, and OCC moderates HCHRM–OCTI relationship. These results have important implications in terms of the unique role the two foci of commitment play in the HCHRM–ORTI and OCTI linkages.     

A supportive architecture for CFD-based design optimisation

Multi-disciplinary design optimisation (MDO) is one of critical methodologies to the implementation of enterprise systems (ES). MDO requiring the analysis of fluid dynamics raises a special challenge due to its extremely intensive computation. The rapid development of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technique has caused a rise of its applications in various fields. Especially for the exterior designs of vehicles, CFD has become one of the three main design tools comparable to analytical approaches and wind tunnel experiments. CFD-based design optimisation is an effective way to achieve the desired performance under the given constraints. However, due to the complexity of CFD, integrating with CFD analysis in an intelligent optimisation algorithm is not straightforward. It is a challenge to solve a CFD-based design problem, which is usually with high dimensions, and multiple objectives and constraints. It is desirable to have an integrated architecture for CFD-based design optimisation. However, our review on existing works has found that very few researchers have studied on the assistive tools to facilitate CFD-based design optimisation. In the paper, a multi-layer architecture and a general procedure are proposed to integrate different CFD toolsets with intelligent optimisation algorithms, parallel computing technique and other techniques for efficient computation. In the proposed architecture, the integration is performed either at the code level or data level to fully utilise the capabilities of different assistive tools. Two intelligent algorithms are developed and embedded with parallel computing. These algorithms, together with the supportive architecture, lay a solid foundation for various applications of CFD-based design optimisation. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed architecture and algorithms, the case studies on aerodynamic shape design of a hypersonic cruising vehicle are provided, and the result has shown that the proposed architecture and developed algorithms have performed successfully and efficiently in dealing with the design optimisation with over 200 design variables.     

CS战略的测评及导入分析

本文从质量管理的角度对CS及CSI进行了分析研究。首先界定了CS及CSI的内涵,并说明了企业导入CS的重要意义及CS战略的目标;在此基础上,进一步对CS及CSI的量化测评进行了探讨,使CS战略的导入具有实际可操作性。     

投资项目评价标准的比较与选择

净现值、内部收益率、获利指数等贴现指标在互斥项目选择的实际应用中,常导致不同的投资决策,其原因、解决方法是本文探讨的目的。文章首先对净现值和内部收益率进行比较分析,着重介绍了内部收益率的先天缺陷及替代方法MIRR;然后分析净现值和获利指数的主要差异,最后得出结论:净现值是确定条件下投资项目评价标准中最合理的方法,其他标准则需结合着净现值来运用,否则可能导致决策失误。     

基于有限元的预应力混凝土梁桥的优化分析

介绍了结构优化设计的基本原理和在Ansys软件中的实现过程，在有限元分析中钢筋混凝土模型和预应力模型的实现方案，及如何在Ansys软件中建立钢筋混凝土单元模型和预应力单元模型。并讨论在优化过程中各参数选取时要考虑的因素。最后提供了一个预应力混凝土简支T型梁的优化计算模型，从而提供了基于有限元的预应力混凝土梁桥优化分析的具体实现方法，为更复杂的优化计算提供了计算基础。