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在泰山的怀抱里,揽着数千年的浩瀚历史,揽着诸多伟人的传说,也揽着平民的故事。而说起泰山的平民故事,可能就数泰山挑夫给人的印象最深了。 相似文献
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Prince Christian Cruz 《Australian economic history review》2014,54(1):62-82
Why did the Spanish colonisers of the Philippines establish extractive institutions? Using an explicit rational choice framework, the article examines the demand for institutions of Spanish settlers during the conquest period. It provides a framework for analysing the incentive structure faced by individuals that lead them to demand, create, and preserve certain types of institutions. The article argues that extractive institutions were demanded and supplied to minimise the uncertainty brought by high mortality and the relatively low wealth in the Philippines. 相似文献
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SUSAN HOWSON 《The Economic history review》1974,27(1):88-107
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Mehmet Ali Ulubaşoğlu 《Southern economic journal》2017,83(3):796-823
Do earthquakes trigger political transitions? Using a rich panel dataset of 160 countries observed over 1950–2007, we find that earthquake shocks, measured in terms of the effect of ground‐motion amplitude on death toll, have two contradicting effects on political change. On the one hand, earthquakes drive transitions into democracy due to an affective shock, which we interpret to be the reaction of citizens by which they hold the incumbent government responsible for earthquake damages. On the other hand, earthquakes indirectly hasten transitions into a less democratic regime because they increase the income level contemporaneously, possibly due to short‐term emergency response and recovery expenditures, and thus, raising the opportunity cost of contesting the incumbent government. Overall, we show that, while not leading to a full‐fledged regime transition, earthquake shocks open a new democratic window of opportunity, but this window is narrowed by improved economic conditions. 相似文献
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收入不平等关系的根源:自由贸易还是技术进步 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
对发达国家与发展中国家之间收入不平等关系的研究由来已久,但随着1990年代经济全球化新一轮浪潮的兴起,各国内部,尤其是发达国家内部出现的技术劳动与非技术劳动收入差距扩大问题日益成为关注的焦点。在探究这种不平等关系成因时,学者们一方面运用理论模型和实证方法试图将贸易因素和技术进步分离开来,另一方面围绕着导致收入差距的技术进步类型展开激烈争论。尽管学者们根据各自不同的假设前提得出了不同、甚至截然相反的结论,但是,争论的结果必然是理论将进一步得到完善和发展,从而更接近现实。 相似文献
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This article examines the effects on wages and employment of the minimum wage in agriculture during the interwar period. It finds that the impact of regulation was to raise the wage for agricultural labourers by 13 per cent when it was (re)introduced in 1924, by 15 per cent in the late 1920s, and by more than 20 per cent in the 1930s. The effect on farm employment was to reduce it by about 54,000 (6.5 per cent) in 1929 up to a peak of 97,000 (13.3 per cent) in 1937. The minimum wage lifted out of poverty many families of farm labourers who remained employed, but it significantly lowered the incomes of farmers, particularly during the 1930s. 相似文献
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发展型国家自主创新战略的起源与形态 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在创新战略方面,中日两国的主要差异之一在于自主创新在两国政策话语体系中的地位与自主创新在两国实践中的地位之间存在两种性质不同的反差:在日本,自主创新并不是显要的政策议题,却是企业实践的基调;在中国,自主创新即使在2005年之前也存在于政策话语体系之中,却没有成为企业实践的主轴。这样的两种反差反映出两国的创新战略具有不同的制度环境和技术基础。我国自主创新战略的设计应该将制度环境和技术基础的影响纳入考量之中。 相似文献
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波特假说认为,严格的环境管制能够引发创新,抵消成本,使企业在国际市场上更具竞争优势。“波特假说”在国外引起广泛的争论,一些学者进行了验证。本文认为在一定假设条件下,“波特假说”有一定合理性,我国应加强环境管制,促进企业实施技术创新。 相似文献
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他做过记者,当过镇长.就在仕途一片光明的时候,29岁的他毅然辞职南下.来到沿海地区从普通搬运工做起,到一年后任外资企业总经理,1997年被广东省评为优秀外来工、优秀管理者,再到2001年创办公司,每年以一家公司的增速发展.2008年成立百灵集团,目前已是酒店业、零售业、物业、汽修、加工、企业管理咨询、商贸、农贸市场等实体的多元化企业.
他就是出生于重庆市梁平县的雷圣荣,他的人生经历可以用两个字来形容,那就是传奇. 相似文献
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波特假说颠覆了传统经济学关于环境保护问题的理论框架,从一个全新视角解释了环境规制、技术创新和竞争力之间的互动关系。本文基于波特假说及其主要争议,通过分析不同时期下外部环境成本一收益变化,判断环境规制是否在强、弱绿色创新激励作用下为企业带来竞争优势。同时比较了两种互异且相辅相成的规制政策类型,旨在形成适宜、灵活的政策工具组合,以更好地激励企业开展绿色创新。 相似文献