扩张就业容量与转移农村剩余劳动力研究

对人口流动模型的研究，刘易斯提出了农村劳动力向城市转移的理论，托达罗提出了在农村内部消化剩余劳动力的理论。中国需要转移的农村剩余劳动力总量巨大，任何单一路径不能解决剩余劳动力就业的问题。结合中国国情，本文认为：我国梯次转移农村剩余劳动力的三大路径是：扩张大中城市就业容量，促进剩余劳动力异地转移；扩张小城镇就业容量，促进剩余劳动力就近转移；扩张农业内部就业容量，促进剩余劳动力就地转移。     

优化农村产业结构拓宽剩余劳动力就业渠道

优化农村产业结构拓宽剩余劳动力就业渠道中共运城地委书记吴昂到２０００年我国农村能否实现小康目标，解决好农业剩余劳动力的转移和就业问题至关重要。本文结合运城地区的实际情况谈些浅见。挖掘农村内部潜力，依靠自己“就地消化”，是农业剩余劳动力转移的现实选择纵...     

北京市农村劳动力转移特点及转移规模预测

农村剩余劳动力转移是当今发展中国家解决剩余劳动力,提高全社会生产率,实现工业化、城市化和农业现代化的前提。文章运用城乡人口比重预测法,对北京未来20年农村劳动力转移规模进行预测。结果表明在未来20年内北京市农村大概需要转移300万左右的农村劳动力,但目前北京市所提供的就业岗位远不能满足农村劳动力在城市中就业的需求,因此,创造更多的就业机会就成为农村剩余劳动力转移的根本前提。     

吉林省农业剩余劳动力转移的对策选择

吉林省农业剩余劳动力转移的对策选择□李浩于丽敏吉林省是一个农业大省。农业问题、农村问题、农民问题历来是吉林省经济发展中倍受关注的重大问题。而促进和实现农业剩余劳动力转移是很好地推动农业生产发展，繁荣农村经济和解决农民就业的关键所在。因此，深入分析吉林...     

关于农村劳动力转移与农民收入增长方式的探析

文章分析了农村剩余劳动力的特点、积极作用以及劳动力转移面临的突出问题,并提出了农村剩余劳动力转移就业的相关对策。     

新时期我国农村剩余劳动力转移问题分析

文章深入了分析了当前我国农村劳动力就业分布及素质现状 :农村劳动力的就业还是以农业为主 ,从事非农业也主要以兼业经营为主 ,农村劳动力科学文化素质偏低。进而探讨了农村剩余劳动力转移的必要性。据此文章从较新的角度提出农村剩余劳动力转移的途径和建议 :在农业内部 ,粮食种植业向畜牧业发展 ;延长农业生产的产业链 ,发展农产品的深加工及产供销一体化发展。发展大中城市及城市中小企业 ,增加城市对农村剩余劳动力的吸纳力 ;提高农民素质 ,从根本上解决农村剩余劳动力转移问题。     

实现我国农村剩余劳动力转移的意义与途径

实现我国农村剩余劳动力转移的意义与途径●柴晓霞农村剩余劳动力的转移，是社会发展的必然产物。人类从进入农业社会并产生剩余劳动力以来，农村剩余劳动力的转移，就在时快时慢，时大时小不断进行。与社会发展进步的程度相适应，农村剩余劳动转移的越快，不仅对推动城市...     

安徽农村剩余劳动力转移的障碍因素分析与路径选择——基于芜湖市的调查研究

现阶段,安徽农村剩余劳动力转移在促进和推动输出地和输入地经济社会发展的同时。也出现了一些新情况和新问题。基于安徽省芜湖市农村剩余劳动力转移状况的实地调查,本文认为工业化、城镇化和农民工城市就业水平,户籍、土地制度,农村信息化建设和劳动者非人力财富,职业与区域之间的配置等因素制约了安徽农村剩余劳动力稳定而持续的转移。因此,认清形势,及时转变观念,进行科学规划,城乡分治、分类实施,建立合理的劳动力流动机制和社会保障机制,是安徽农村剩余劳动力进一步转移的有效路径。     

对农村剩余劳动力有效转移的探析

农村剩余劳动力转移过程中存在劳动力市场不完善、就业渠道较少、外出就业以短期输出为主、组织和制度上的保障缺乏、城市本身的就业压力制约等问题.这与农业剩余劳动力供给量过大、城市就业压力增大、乡镇企业对农村剩余劳动力的吸收能力减弱、农民自身素质低下等有关.有效转移农村剩余劳动力,必须以系统化的理念、与时俱进的精神和市场化的行为进行宏观调控与组织,统筹规划,实施农村工业化、城市化和农业产业化,壮大劳动力大容量转移的载体,拓展农村剩余劳动力转移空间.     

发达国家服务业就业结构变迁对我国的启示

发达国家服务业就业结构的演变过程表明：服务业就业比重的提高主要是由以商务服务业为主的生产者服务业和以教育、医疗卫生业为主的社会服务业就业增长推动的。生产者服务业和社会服务业是今兽譬国就业增长的主要领域．但服务业难以承担大规模转移农村剩余劳动力的任务。发展劳动密集型制造业仍是今后转移我国农业剩余劳动力的主要渠道。     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.     

Why rationality may be a consequence of Hume's theory of choice

Facing R. Sugden's criticism of our interpretation, it is shown in this paper that rationality appears as a possible consequence of Hume's theory of choice. We first argue that Sugden's dismissal of the preference relation from the type of rationality through which Hume's theory is apprehended, is highly disputable, from the point of view of both standard choice theory and Hume's theory of passions. Nonetheless, Sugden's criterion of rationality might be restated in Humean terms as a condition of non-revision of preferences in the dynamics of passions. But, since the process of choice that we have described explicitly takes into account the revision of preferences, and shows that, when this last is no longer required, rationality occurs as an outcome of this process, it is not really concerned by Sugden's criticism.     

Team Dynamics Where Followers Have Illusion about Guide

A team is assigned to accomplish a task in each infinitely-repeated period. The guide of the team and his followers are allowed to have asymmetric productivity; also the followers have either a hostile or favorable illusion toward the guide. Respective efforts and the followers’ illusion are private information. At the end of each period, the output of the joint task emerges and the followers evaluate the guide. The analysis shows (1) that potential for an unreasonable evaluation suppresses the guide’s effort down to an average level; (2) letting the followers inform the guide of their illusion in advance increases both sides’ payoffs; (3) abolishing the evaluation reduces both sides’ payoffs in general; and (4) however, if the magnitude of the followers’ hostile illusion weighted by its relative probability is enormous, abolishing the evaluation increases the output and the guide’s payoff.     

US Hegemony and the Origins of Japanese Nuclear Power: The Politics of Consent

This paper deploys the Gramscian concepts of hegemony and consent in order to explore the process whereby nuclear power was brought to Japan. The core argument is that nuclear power was brought to Japan as a consequence of US hegemony. Rather than a simple manifestation of one state exerting material ‘power over' another, bringing nuclear power to Japan involved a series of compromises worked out within and between state and civil society in both Japan and the USA. Ideologies of nationalism, imperialism and modernity underpinned the process, coalescing in post-war debates about the future trajectory of Japanese society, Japan's Cold War alliance with the USA and the role of nuclear power in both. Consent to nuclear power was secured through the generation of a psychological state in the public mind combining the fear of nuclear attack and the hope of unlimited consumption in a nuclear-fuelled post-modern world.