全球价值链理论与发展中国家产业升级研究进展

目前有关全球价值链理论的研究,主要集中于全球价值链概念、类型、治理和全球价值链的产业集群升级模式等方面。而在此基础上的发展中国家产业升级的研究,主要集中于全球价值链治理模式对发展中国家产业升级的影响、在全球价值链之下发展中国家升级产业的动力机制、以及产业集群升级的途径等方面。在经济全球化背景下,研究全球价值链理论和发展中国家产业升级问题,对研究我国产业提升问题有重要的参考价值。     

全球CPI变动及发展走势

在紧缩货币政策作用下,全球经济增长趋缓,近期全球通胀继续保持基本稳定的态势,但是国际能源、粮食价格上升造成全球通胀风险提高,值得密切关注。食品消费价格上涨对发达国家的影响相对有限,而对于广大中低收入国家和居民的不利影响不容忽视。     

韩国三星品牌的崛起及对中国企业的启示

韩国三星无疑是近年国际企业界升起的一颗耀眼新星。根据美国《商业周刊））2005年7月推出的“全球100个顶级品牌”榜单，三星在该年度的品牌价值已达149．56亿美元，首次进入当年全球品牌前20强。从昔日的一个低端消费电子品生产商，到今天发展成为堪与欧美知名跨国公司比肩的国际企业，三星走过了一条不平凡的品牌崛起之路。对于同样来自于亚洲发展中国家，正致力于培育和发展国际化品牌的中国企业而言，三星公司的品牌成功经验有着更直接的借鉴意义。     

刍议全球金融危机对国际经济秩序的影响

21世纪以来,发达国家通过产业转移,资本控制、国际规则制定以及对国际组织的操控等方式影响全球经济形势。与此同时,世界新兴经济体和发展中国家也借助外部力量实现其经济发展,努力获得了国际社会的支持．在国际经济活动中提高了主动性。尤其是2008年爆发的金融危机使美元霸权地位直接受到冲击,欧盟深陷主权债务之中不可自拔．其深刻影响已经从局部发展到全球,从发达国家蔓延到发展中国家．从金融领域延伸到实体经济。     

促进我国食品加工产业迈向全球价值链中高端

从全球价值链分工的视角看，传统食品加工产业尤其是其中低端领域以发展中国家为主导，国家间低价竞争日益激烈；而中高端领域，则被发达国家牢牢把握，并在行业关键技术、核心设备中占据优势地位，导致发展中国家的食品加工行业在国际市场上的竞争力明显不足。在此背景下，我国食品加工业迈向全球价值链中高端意义重大，有助于国内食品加工产业实现创新发展和转型升级，并加快食品加工产业向全球价值链中高端攀升。应聚焦科技创新，以装备工艺和管理能力创新提升食品加工产业的科技含量和产品质量，重视培育行业品牌，加速培育世界级食品加工产业集群，努力实现食品加工产业的全球价值链升级。     

全球价值链嵌入对工资差距的影响——基于全球价值链参与度及地位指数视角

近年来,全球价值链已经成为世界经济发展的重要特征。与此同时,不同技术劳动力之间工资差距的扩大成为学界关注的焦点。为研究全球价值链嵌入对各国不同技术劳动力间工资差距的影响,本文采用全球价值链参与度指数以及全球价值链地位指数作为刻画全球价值链嵌入水平的指标,构建计量经济学模型进行实证研究。研究结果显示,发展中国家制造业参与度及地位指数的提高均缩小了不同技术劳动力间工资差距,服务业参与度的提高缩小了工资差距,服务业地位指数的提高扩大了工资差距;发达国家制造业参与度的提高扩大了工资差距,地位指数的提高缩小了工资差距,服务业参与度和地位指数的提高均缩小了工资差距。选取在全球价值链所处位置不同的五个国家（中国、印度、墨西哥、美国、日本）,对这些国家全球价值链嵌入对工资差距的影响进行研究,结果显示：对于处于全球价值链下游的中国和印度,参与度的提高缩小了制造业的工资差距,扩大了服务业工资差距;对于处于全球价值链中游的墨西哥和处于全球价值链上游美国和日本,参与度的提高扩大了制造业以及服务业的工资差距;而地位指数的变化对制造业及服务业工资差距的影响在这五个国家间存在差异。     

发展中国家在全球公共品制度供给中的博弈分析

发展中国家对全球公共品的制度供给探究的切入点是观察发展中国家如何回应面对全球公共品供给中利益和风险.由于全球化公共品的特殊性质,国家成为提供这种公共产品的主体,发展中国家对全球公共品制度供给的过程就是发展中国家在与发达国家的博弈中走出困境的过程.     

基于品牌社群社会资本和消费体验的品牌忠诚培育研究

品牌社群是一种由消费者、企业、品牌和产品等一系列要素组成的社会关系网络,它对社群成员态度和行为方式有着深刻的影响。当前品牌社群研究的主要内容是品牌社群对品牌忠诚的作用机理。本文以社会资本理论和消费体验理论为基础,从品牌忠诚的行为忠诚和态度忠诚两个角度出发,构建品牌忠诚培育的作用机理模型,并从创新培育独特的品牌社群、提供优质的品牌社群社会资本、提升品牌社群的消费体验等方面,探讨了品牌忠诚培育的思路和策略。     

国际资本流动与国际贸易关系:“Mundell模型悖论”

文章通过建立“Mundell模型悖论”模型,解释发展中国家对发达国家的投资对国际贸易的影响。分析得出的结论是:(1)发展中国家对发达国家的投资是贸易导向的;(2)应该以获取发达国家的先进生产技术为投资目的;(3)发达国家和发展中国家均能增加消费,增加各自的福利。文章最后给出了政策建议。     

浅谈全球经济一体化对发展中国家经济的影响

20世纪90年代以来,国际经济形势发生了重大变化,其中,经济全球化是当代世界经济不可逆转的发展趋势,对于广大发展中国家来说,经济全球化带来追赶上发达国家的新机遇,促进其经济发展的同时,也不可避免地对发展中国家的主权和经济安全提出新的挑战,产生了许多负面影响甚至是对发展中国家经济的严重冲击。     

Environmental Management in Japan: Applications of Input–Output Analysis to the Emission of Global Warming Gases

Environmental management requires, among other things, the incorporation of environmentally friendly technologies into production processes of environmentally friendly technologies into production processes at the producer level and the adoption of energy consumption patterns which save energy use at the household level. The systemwide approach involving both technology choice and consumer preference seems particularly essential for controlling the total emission of global warming gases. CO₂ and other global warming gases, as well as certain pollution causing gases, are produced when fossil fuels are burnt; and the consumption of fossil fuels occurs in both the production and consumption of goods and services. In this paper we discuss how input–output analysis can be used to estimate the entire production and consumption of global warming gases conditional on production technology and consumer preferences. We also present estimation results and their application to some environmental management issues in Japan. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The effect of controversial global sourcing practices on the ethical judgments and intentions of U.S. consumers

Global sourcing has led to lower cost and more effective supply chains for many companies. However, when the cost-driven practices of many suppliers in these chains come to light there is often considerable debate over the ethics of these practices. This research uses the well-known Hunt–Vitell framework as the theoretical foundation for a structural equation model of the deontological and teleological evaluations used by consumers when making ethical judgments of a firm's controversial cost-driven global sourcing practices. Data from a large-scale U.S. consumer survey show the importance of deontological and teleological evaluations in forming consumers’ ethical judgments of global sourcing practices, and establish a strong relationship between ethical judgment and the intention of consumers to alter consumption of a firm's products. Extensions to the framework and demographic analyses for age, gender, and income provide insights as to how perceptions of these practices affect consumer evaluations of a company involved in global sourcing and how consumers actualize their resultant intentions.     

MST视角的GVT沟通影响因素案例研究

GVT作为一种新兴的团队组织形式，正以其低成本、高效率、响应迅速的优势被广泛应用于各个领域，但以信息与通信技术沟通为主的协作方式也为GVT管理带来了挑战。本研究以媒体同步性理论为基础，构建GVT沟通影响因素的初步理论模型，并以大连软件园两家软件公司中的4组团队为案例访谈对象，通过案例分析进一步修正和检验模型。分析结果显示：媒体同步性主要受传输速率和并行性影响；沟通过程与媒体同步性相适配的状态对沟通绩效有促进作用；GVT成员的语言能力、媒体经验和明确的沟通规范都会对沟通工具的使用产生重要影响。     

论国际公共事务管理：国际组织与全球治理

本文将公共管理范畴延伸到国际范畴,构建了从公共管理到国际公共管理的逻辑框架;论述了作为全球化时代国际公共管理方式的全球治理模式;剖析了作为全球治理过程中最主要参与者的国际组织的内涵、分类及其参与全球治理的方式。文后还剖析了作为国际组织的世界遗产委员会参与国际公共事务管理的全球治理活动案例。     

Motivators and barriers to sustainable food consumption: Qualitative inquiry about organic food consumers in a developing nation

The present research attempts to qualitatively explore the motivators and barriers of organic food consumption in the Indian context. The data were collected using semistructured in‐depth interviews and analyzed using grounded theory. The theoretical sampling technique was used to interview 34 consumers who have purchased organic food in the past. The findings reported health consciousness, environmental consciousness, social identity, consumer ethnocentrism, and concern for farmers as the factors that motivate organic food purchase among consumers. The factors such as high prices of organic food, unavailability, trust issues, and limited marketing communications from the firms were identified as major barriers to organic food purchase and consumption. The study is one of the initial attempts to qualitatively explore the consumers' motivation for organic food consumption in the Indian context. The findings will help policymakers to devise suitable strategies so that they can effectively target the organic food choices by understanding the motivators/barriers, and promote the sustainable lifestyle in the society, as food consumption plays a crucial role in achieving environmental sustainability.     

全球一体化背景下的世界城市构建与发展思路研究

城市是伴随着人类文明进步发展起来的,是现代经济社会发展和社会活动的主要载体.近几年来,我国经济持续快速发展,成为世界经济排名第二的大国.如何适应经济全球化的发展趋势,培育构建世界城市,已成为专家学者讨论的热点.就世界城市理论的历史演进、世界城市的概念界定、特征、世界城市的形成与发展进行了分析,探讨性地阐述了在全球一体化...     

Understanding sustainable consumption in an emerging country: The antecedents and consequences of the ecologically conscious consumer behavior model

For past few decades, consumers have lately started to adapt sustainable consumption in emerging countries. The increasing importance of sustainable consumption led the researchers to analyze green purchase and ecological behaviors. The aim of this study was to examine the antecedents of ecologically conscious consumer behavior model and show the relationships among ecologically conscious consumer behavior, green purchase conspicuous behavior, and green purchase intention based on the theory of planned behavior in an emerging country. Data were collected from 650 consumers in Turkey, one of the emerging countries, by using face‐to‐face survey technique and analyzed by factor analyses and structural equation modelling. In findings, environmental concern, altruism, and perceived consumer effectiveness were found as the antecedents of the model, and there were significant effects of ecologically conscious consumer behaviors on green purchase conspicuous behaviors and green purchase intentions.     

Identifying the ‘energy champion’: a consumer behaviour approach to understanding the home energy conservation market in Ireland

This paper builds on a chronological set of studies which develop a marketing approach to energy conservation in Ireland. Drawing on the fields of identity theory and self‐identity in consumption, it adopts a consumer behaviour approach to the segmentation of the market, analysing hedonic aspects of energy consumption. Using existential‐phenomenologicalism as a methodological frame, the focus of the two‐staged research is on collecting data from a small group of industry professionals and committed energy conservers, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the motivators for energy conservation behaviour. The results of this study reveal new traits of the energy conserver personality including a high aversion to consumption, a strong sense of caution with regard to personal finances and a marked interest in investing in energy‐saving technologies. Additional findings confirm personality traits previously associated with energy conservers such as active, thrifty, careful, technically minded and environmentally conscious. Although the market has been successful in targeting messages at the early adopter segment of energy conservers who are personally motivated, future marketing appeals to other market segments must focus on offering more tangible rewards for energy conservation behaviour. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications     

Is There Any Ethical and Moral Consideration in the Theory and Practice of Global Business Social Darwinism?

Abstract

This article has revisited the interchangeable meanings of morality and ethics in today's global business practices. This article argues that in the theory and practice of the global business Social Darwinism, there is no room for ethics and morality because the competitive international business ideology promotes the “survival of the fittest.” Furthermore, the purpose of this article is to first define the distinction between morality and ethics and their application in the real world of today's business; second, to analyze the ideological foundation of the international business practices of Social Darwinism in relation to global production, consumption, profitability, and efficacy.