WTO框架下我国出口信用保险问题与对策

本文研究了WTO框架下出口信用保险对发展我国外贸的意义和作用,分析了我国出口信用保险工作中存在的问题,提出我国加入WTO后,发展出口信用保险的对策建议。     

中国贸易依存度的实证分析

经济全球化的大背景下，特别是中国加入WTO后，中国经济融入世界经济的步伐加快，传统贸易依存度从1978年的9.8%，80年代中期的23%提高到1999年的36.4%，2000年进一步提高到43.9%，其中出口依存度达到23.1%。2003年达到60.4%，出口依存度提高到31.1%。随之而来，部分学者高呼：贸易依存度过高，中国经济安全日益受到危胁，应该降低贸易依存度，本文以分析传统贸易依存度的概念为出发点，结合经济学原理，从一国对国际贸易的依赖程度和对一国的经济贡献角度提出贸易依存度新的度量方法，得出中国外贸依存度是相当低的。     

进入WTO影响建筑市场的基本因素及其分析

进入WTO以后，建筑企业市场份额的大小和变化是由相关的各种影响因素所决定的。本文以目前在中国境内承包工程的境外建筑企业的市场状况为基础，对进入WTO影响建筑市场的基本因素进行具体分析，按工程和投资分类对外资建筑企业市场占有率的变化趋势进行预测。     

对加入WTO后我国利率市场化改革进程的思考

我国现行利率形成机制的失效及对经济的抑制要求利率市场化改革.以加入世贸为标志,中国必将更深入地融入全球经济一体化之中,中国的非市场化的利率形成机制也将由于与WTO的各项规则冲突而受到巨大冲击.内外因素的共同作用必将加快利率市场化改革的进程.     

WTO背景下中国监理行业的市场准入研究

在中国已加入WT0的背景下，监理行业的市场准入限制也将发生相应的变化，毫无疑问，市场准入的变化必然对监理行业的长期发展产生重大的影响，监理行业同样存在如何处理市场开放和保护的问题。从市场准入的基本原则入手，结合中国监理行业的实际，对我国加入WT0后监理行业的市场准入模式进行探讨，并对政府应该采取的政策及措施提出相应的建议。     

中国对外双边贸易成本的测度与分析:1981～2007年

基于一个融入双边冰山型贸易成本和多边贸易壁垒的一般均衡模型,本文测度了1981～2007年中国与主要贸易伙伴的双边贸易成本,以此来呈现中国对外贸易成本的大小和变化。测度结果表明,改革开放以来,中国的平均对外双边贸易成本已经下降到0.4以下,并且在加入WTO后呈更明显的下降趋势。同时,空间距离依然是影响中国对外贸易的一个重要因素,而且中国与东亚新兴国家和地区在贸易领域的相互开放程度要高于发达国家。     

当前我国贸易摩擦的原因分析及对策思考

本文探讨了当前我国贸易摩擦的原因及对策。文章从入世后我国贸易摩擦的情况回顾入手,进一步分析了我国贸易摩擦盛行的主要原因,由此提出应对贸易摩擦的对策。     

技术性贸易壁垒是影响我国出口贸易的最大障碍

加入WTO后,我国出口贸易成绩斐然。但是,越来越多的非关税壁垒对出口贸易也造成重大阻碍,其中最大的威胁来自技术性贸易壁垒,这是当前影响外贸发展的最大障碍,必须高度重视。本文总结了十年来出口贸易的成就,分析了技术法规、技术标准与合格评定程序三种技术性贸易壁垒,阐述了技术性贸易壁垒对我国出口产品在国际市场上竞争力的影响所在,指出应通过建立国家级的管理技术性贸易措施的协调机构来应对技术性贸易壁垒。     

技术贸易壁垒的形成机制及对我国的启示——兼论我国技术性贸易措施体系的建立

加入WTO后,我国一方面要应对国外技术性贸易壁垒对我国出口产品的限制,另一方面也要充分利用WTO规则建立我国技术性贸易措施体系,保护我国国家安全、维护动植物健康和安全、保护环境等。但目前我国技术性贸易措施体系还没有完全建立。通过分析技术性贸易壁垒形成机制,并借鉴欧洲经验,对完善我国技术性贸易壁垒提出了一些建议。     

Spatially blind trade and fiscal impact policies and their impact on regional economies

The evidence for the US suggests that spatially blind policies often generate greater impacts on regional economic growth and development than policies specifically targeted at regions on regional issues generally. In this presentation, attention will be directed to two sets of national policies that have been promulgated without due consideration of their specific spatial (regional) impacts – trade policy and fiscal policy.Drawing on research conducted for the US, Japan and Brazil, an examination of trade policies will be presented, using the experience of NAFTA in North America and MERCOSUR in Brazil. Some further analysis of experience in Colombia will also provide insights into the role of national trade policy and, in the case of Colombia, fiscal decentralization policies. The second part of the presentation will examine fiscal policy impacts mediated through regional business cycles; the experience of Japan and the US will be examined.The results affirm the important implications that national (spatially blind) policies can have on regional economies; in the case of Brazil, trade policies have exacerbated already wide differentials in per capita income across states.     

中国会计制度国际化变迁:路径、特征、困境与创新

本文首先将中国会计制度国际化的变迁纳入制度经济学的理论框架中,分析了其变迁路径具有边际性、局部性和路径依赖性三大特征;其次指出中国在加入WTO获得益处的同时也面临会计国际化变迁所带来的困境;最后提出通过内部制度创新,充分利用国际会计资源解决我国的现实问题,减少我国会计国际化变迁的成本,应该是后WTO时代中国会计制度国际化创新的基本路径取向。     

国际直接投资进入我国服务业的新变化探析

加入WTO以来,随着我国入世承诺的逐步兑现和对外开放领域的进一步扩大,国际直接投资进入我国服务业出现了一些新的趋势和变化,并对我国服务业的发展产生了深远的影响。     

我国农产品物流现状及对策分析

众所周知,目前我国的农业和农村经济都进入了一个全新的发展阶段,随着国民经济的高速发展,正式加入世界贸易组织、建立与周边国家和地区的自由贸易区以及深化改革粮棉等重要农产品的流通体制等等各种举措都使得我国农产品的市场化程度与贸易自由化程度得以快速的提高,自然而然,这也对现代农产品的物流提出了更高的要求。但由于受种种主客观因素的影响,现今我国的农产品物流还远远不能满足农业和农村经济快速发展的需要,因此,如何加快发展我国现代农产品物流成为了一个新的社会热点。     

Spatial and sectoral characteristics of China’s international and interregional virtual water flows – based on multi-regional input–output model

This paper provides a systematic analysis of spatial and sectoral characteristics and changes in virtual water flows associated with China’s interregional and international trade based on the China interregional input–output tables of 2002 and 2007. The results show significant improvement in water use efficiency between 2002 and 2007. However, the general spatial patterns and sectoral components of virtual water flows have more or less remained during the period. Almost all Chinese provinces are net exporters of virtual water in international trade. In interregional trade, the dominant direction of virtual water flow is from peripheral provinces to eastern coastal provinces. The agricultural sector plays an important role in shaping this direction and has significant impacts on water uses in exporting provinces, some of which are water scarce. The results of this study clarify some confusions concerning mismatches between regional water endowments and virtual water trade within China and with other countries.     

Regional integration: an empirical assessment of Russia

Using a statistical model of commodity trade, we quantify the evolution of regional economic integration within Russia during 1995–1999, and explore potential determinants of this evolution. Our integration measure exhibits rich regional variation that, when aggregated to the national level, fluctuates substantially over time. In accounting for this behavior, we draw in part on theoretical models that emphasize the potential role of openness to international trade and regional disparities in income in threatening economic integration. Controlling for a host of additional regional- and national-level variables, we find a strong negative correspondence between openness to international trade and internal economic integration.     

加入WTO后中国对外投资发展战略初探

在WTO的框架之下,中国在争取引进更多外资的同时,对外投资的问题也不可忽视。文章分析了中国加入WTO后,对外投资的必要性及其可利用的更好的政策环境,探讨了我国对外投资的发展战略,提出了有助于我国资本输出所需的条件。     

中国在东亚区域经济一体化进程中的现状及战略定位

随着经济全球化的发展和区域经济一体化在全世界的推进,东亚区域经济一体化出现了迅猛发展的态势,中国在此态势下顺应东亚区域经济一体化迅猛发展的潮流,着眼于市场多元化战略,提出了相应的贸易、投资、金融等政策措施,整合国内机制,实现中国在东亚区域经济一体化进程中的总体协调。本文阐述了中国在东亚区域经济一体化进程中的现状、存在的问题并在此基础上提出了相应的战略定位。     

REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: ESTIMATES FOR WESTERN AUSTRALIA

A regional model, be it computable general equilibrium or partial equilibrium in construct, which is based on the national parameters would certainly provide misleading results if the regional economy or sector is significantly different from its national counterpart. For a credible and useful quantitative analysis of the regional impacts of changes in, say, government policies or international events, one thus needs an empirically based economic model that reflects the key features of the regional economy or sector concerned. This is the motivation for this paper, which estimates a disaggregated agricultural production system for Western Australia (WA): a key farming State of Australia. The paper uses a profit function approach that explicitly recognizes jointness in agricultural production and various climatic zones in WA, and an estimation procedure that involves the Diewert–Wales decomposition technique. It presents estimates of elasticities of supply responses and input demands in WA agriculture, and compares these with the national estimates.     

我国工程机械行业国际竞争力评价指标体系研究

面对中国加入WTO和经济全球化的国际背景,研究我国的工程机械行业国际竞争力具有突出的重要意义。基于国内外关于产业国际竞争力评价的理论,结合我国工程机械产业的实际,设计了一套适合工程机械产业国际竞争力评价的指标体系。     

Global and regional financial integration in East Asia and the ASEAN

Financial integration is East Asia and the ASEAN nations is investigated using a new approach based on entropy theory. An important advantage of the proposed framework is that it takes into account changes in integration arising from higher order moments including coskewness and cokurtosis as well as more traditional measures based on second order moments. The analysis focusses on the role of the U.S. in understanding changes in global integration over time, as well as changes in regional integration arising from China. Using daily stock returns from 1997 to 2016, the empirical results show an overall trend to improvements in financial integration over time with deviations from the trend occurring during periods of financial crises in Asia in 1997–98, the U.S. in 2007–10 and the recent European debt crisis. The influence of the Chinese economy mainly through its trading linkages is found to be an important determinant of financial integration over time both regionally as well as globally.