论战略联盟形成过程中的关系资本管理

战略联盟的发展过程包括形成、运行和终结三个阶段,其中形成过程由于充满不确定性和模糊性而至关重要。对战略形成过程中联盟各方关系资本的有效管理,有利于联盟中资源、知识的共享、整合与创新,因此,本文认为应采取各种有效措施管理关系资本,以促进联盟的形成和发展。     

A South-South perspective on emerging economy companies and institutional coevolution: An empirical study of Chinese multinationals in Africa

In this paper, we show how international tenders act as defining moments in building asymmetric coevolution-based mechanisms between Chinese multinational enterprises and local institutions in developing African countries. We used a case study methodology to explore how three Chinese multinationals – Citic, Sinopec, and Chinalco – developed non-market relations with the institutions of three African countries, namely, Algeria, Gabon and the Republic of Guinea, both during and after the submission of international tenders, to win strategic contracts and securely embed the company in question within the target host country. We found that Chinese companies not only submit tenders, but also develop multiple kinds of alliances in order to influence local institutions over the long term, transplant new business practices and standards, and expand in an unparalleled way, with host-country institutions and Chinese MNEs acting as partners in the new ecosystem. Based on our findings, we propose a model which highlights the specific mechanisms through which successful coevolution processes emerge and prosper between Chinese multinationals and developing country institutions. This study contributes to the international management literature by extending the field of institutional theory to co-evolutionism in international business.     

基于国家战略视角下的连云港市城市品牌的整合传播研究

基于国家战略视角下的连云港市城市建设,需要树立其独特的城市品牌:神奇浪漫之都,山海相拥之城,东桥头堡之港。本文在此基础上对连云港市城市品牌整合传播的资源、受众、渠道要素进行分析,确定基于国家战略视角下的连云港市城市品牌整合传播的策略,协调统一宣传主题和城市形象,整合媒体传播渠道,挖掘连云港市的城市特色、优势和个性化的资源,提升城市品牌和形象。     

动态能力与自主创新能力关系的实证研究

以国内汽车业内企业作为分析对象,首先对于动态能力与自主创新能力的内涵、维度进行了文献研究和问卷设计,然后构建了关于企业动态能力与自主创新能力关系的结构方程模型,实证研究表明:我国汽车业内企业动态能力对于自主创新能力具有正向影响作用,但是动态能力的各个能力维度对于自主创新能力的各个能力维度的作用机理不同.     

Start-up and hiring practices of immigrant entrepreneurs: An empirical study from an evolutionary psychological perspective

Strong social ties embedded in ethnic communities of immigrant populations have been considered key assets for immigrant entrepreneurs. However, little research has been done on how biological kinship and the biological theories of altruism influence the behavior of ethnic entrepreneurs. In this study, we have applied a neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory of kinship to examine adaptive functions of kin and ethnic altruism in business start-up and hiring practices of Korean immigrant entrepreneurs in the United States. We confirmed that the patterns of help received by Korean entrepreneurs for business start-ups were congruent with an evolutionary perspective on altruism. However, the results for hiring patterns suggested that customer ethnicity trumped kin and co-ethic interests. We close by offering suggestions for future research.     

新疆旅游饭店业战略聪明不稳定性博弈分析

新疆旅游饭店业战略联盟存在产权关系不清晰,驱动性不足,资本行政导向型扩张等问题。应选择合适的联盟伙伴,为联盟关系增加情感因素,理性对待利益分配。     

外资工业对工业结构变化与升级的贡献度——基于广东工业的实证研究

文章对广东工业结构变化与升级,以及在这个过程中内资工业与外资工业的贡献进行了较为系统的实证分析与研究。发现自1980年代中后期以来,广东工业结构变化较快,结构升级效应显著,第三类产业占全部工业的份额显著提高,并且都领先于全国同期水平;外资工业在广东工业结构变化与升级中居主导作用,这种主导作用表现在,广东全部工业结构变化中,工业化后期代表行业对工业结构变化的贡献度主要是外资工业引致的。     

破解IT能力与绩效关系谜团:战略柔性的视角——来自华南地区外向型制造业的实证研究

文章以华南地区外向型制造企业为例,对IT能力、战略柔性及绩效关系进行了实证研究。结果表明,IT能力只对非财务绩效有显著的直接正向影响,而对财务绩效没有,但会通过战略柔性中介作用于两类绩效。IT能力对先动柔性和响应柔性均有显著的直接正向影响,同时,先动柔性和响应柔性对非财务绩效具有显著的直接正向影响,但先动柔性对财务绩效的直接影响却不显著。     

Paths of economic development: A global evidence for the mediating role of human capital

ABSTRACT

This paper revisits the roles of institutions and human capital in the development process by using structural equation modeling with a latent construct. Two models are constructed by using the data of 143 countries with 14 publicly available indicators; non-mediated (Model A) and mediated one (Model B). A path between institutional quality and economic development is identified in Model A and found as significant. When human capital is added into the Model B as a mediator, the direct relationship between institutional quality and economic development which is confirmed in Model A becomes insignificant. This evidence contributes to the debate by explaining the roles of institutions and human capital in the development process, based on the existing level of institutional quality that determines conditions on decisions for starting or sustaining the development process. In other words, (a) improving institutions in addition to human capital is needed for the countries with low level of institutional quality to start development process and; (b) on the other hand, since the human capital develops immunity on the quality of the institutions, human capital plays a more basic role to sustain the development process for the countries with a high level of institutional quality.     

Medical error reduction: the effect of employee satisfaction with organizational support

The problem of medical errors as a factor of service quality has become critically important for healthcare providers. The research model in this paper describes how employee satisfaction with organizational support (ESWOS) and organizational systems supported by an organizational culture impact medical error reduction. The proposed research model was tested using structural equation modelling for hypotheses, based on data collected from 186 respondents in four selected hospitals. The results of the study strongly support that medical error reduction is associated with ESWOS. Also, organizational culture which supports ESWOS and organizational systems as preventive and corrective systems is important for reducing medical errors.     

The impact of inward FDI on local companies’ labour productivity: evidence from the Italian case

The article aims to investigate the impact of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) occurring through acquisition upon the local target company’ performance, as measured by labour productivity. It relies upon the idea that multinational enterprises (MNEs) act as a device to transfer firm‐specific proprietary assets, thus causing their subsidiaries to exhibit better performance than their host country rivals. Specifically, our results show that foreign acquisitions generally increase the local target companies’ labour productivity in the medium term after the acquisition. The empirical evidence refers to foreign acquisitions that occurred in Italy in the period 1994–1997.     

The impact structure of social capital on corporate performance: Empirical evidence from listed companies in China

Vertical relationships with the government, particular relational capital and organizational social network capital, constitute corporate social capital (CSC). Using the empirical data of 97 listed companies in China, this paper examines the impact of CSC on corporate performance, finds that CSC has a positive impact on sales revenue but an insignificant impact on the improvement of ROA. More specifically, when a firm enlarges its sales revenue, the function of organizational network capital is stronger than that of a particular relational capital and that of governmental connections. The paper also finds that state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have more advantages in using governmental connections, therefore leading to better social status than non-SOEs do, who have fewer advantages in using any particular relational capital. The article suggests that managers should appraise carefully the effectiveness of CSC, and combine it with other resources; firms should distinguish the structure of the impact of CSC on performance improvement in a dynamic way. With respect to the implication of this paper, it could help in analyzing firm behaviors in the transitional China. Translated from paper in International Symposium on Entrepreneur Research and Education, 2006, April (in Chinese)     

政府补贴、国际知识产权保护与企业创新——来自战略性新兴产业上市公司的证据

政府补贴对企业创新的影响存在争议,在美国重点打击中国战略性新兴产业的背景下,补贴这一产业政策的有效性再次引起热议。本文以2012-2017年沪深A股战略性新兴产业上市公司为样本,研究在国际知识产权保护加强的背景下政府补贴对战略性新兴产业创新绩效的影响。研究发现:中国政府实施的补贴政策有利于促进战略性新兴产业创新,但国际知识产权保护加强约束了中国政府补贴的规模和空间,从而抑制了补贴政策对战略性新兴产业创新的激励作用;此外,基于企业和产业异质性视角,国际知识产权保护的加强主要抑制了补贴对国有企业、内资企业和新材料产业创新的促进作用。进一步完善补贴政策和国内的知识产权保护制度,有利于提升中国在构建国际经济新秩序中的话语权。     

MNE performance during a crisis: An evolutionary perspective on the role of dynamic managerial capabilities and industry context

As the likelihood of worldwide crises increases due to globalization and the resulting economic contagion, understanding why some multinational enterprises (MNEs) prevail in such environments becomes ever more critical. Drawing from the concept of dynamic managerial capabilities, we posit that MNE in-crisis performance is associated with the pre-crisis development of asset management capabilities, or the capacity of managers to orchestrate assets so as to extract more value from the firm’s resource pool. Specifically, we argue that because dynamic managerial capabilities evolve as a response to a firm’s task environment, MNEs that operate in dynamic industries develop stronger asset management capabilities. However, we also posit that whether these capabilities contribute to in-crisis performance is contingent upon the munificence of the industry environment in which the capability evolves. Asset management capabilities that evolve in munificent environments would encompass a wider spectrum of routine-altering activities, and thus increase the ability of the MNE to react to more revolutionary events, such as global economic crises. Conversely, asset management capabilities that evolve in resource-scarce environments will result in more strategic lock-in due to firms' constrained ability to experiment with novel resource configurations, resulting in poorer in-crisis performance. We test our hypotheses using a sample of 854 MNEs in the context of the global financial crisis of 2008, and find support for our hypotheses. We discuss implications for the dynamic capabilities view and MNE resilience.     

城市品牌依恋影响机理研究——基于上海、泉州、兰州、岳阳的实证分析

文章从消费者行为视角切入,运用结构方程的定量研究方法,通过"消费者—品牌"关系分析了利益相关者(居民、潜在迁入者、旅游者、投资者等)城市品牌依恋对其城市品牌忠诚的影响机理。实证结果表明,城市品牌个性、城市品牌享乐主义价值、怀旧情感、城市品牌涉入度对利益相关者城市品牌依恋的形成具有直接影响;利益相关者对城市品牌的依恋通过消费者—品牌关系(信任、满意、承诺维度)对其城市品牌忠诚产生显著影响。     

An empirical analysis of the factors raising the interest in new shopping destinations

The relationship among the factors in the rising interest in new alternatives is empirically investigated in the context of shopping destination choice behavior. The hypothetical causal relationship is that the rising interest in new alternatives requires both active information search and considerable benefit, which is supported by the results of the mixture structural equation models using a data set containing revealed shopping behaviors and attitudes toward shopping destinations in the Tokyo metropolitan area: a lower level of satisfaction with the current choice set incites external information search for all subjects; however, the benefit of adding new alternatives affects the interest in new alternatives only in the group that engages in active information search.     

An investigation of B-to-B brand value: evidence from manufacturing SMEs in Taiwan

Purpose: The importance of brand value has been increasingly recognized in business-to-business (B-to-B) marketing settings. Leek and Christodoulides (2012) proposed a comprehensive B-to-B brand value framework based on qualitative examination, which has yet to be quantitatively examined. As such, the objectives of this study are twofold: first, to quantitatively investigate Leek and Christodoulides’ (2012) B-to-B brand value framework and reveal the relative importance of the various attributes/elements; second, to explore whether the attribute/element priority in Leek and Christodoulides’ (2012) value framework differs for various types of buyers with respect to supplier characteristics, environmental factors, and situational factors. The research context is small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Taiwan. For industrial marketers, a better understanding of attribute/element priority pertaining to brand value is helpful in terms of marketing efficiency and success probability.

Methodology/Approach: Based on data from 22 SME buyers in Taiwan, a cluster analysis was performed to classify SME buyers into different buyer groups based on supplier characteristics, environmental factors, and situational factors, while an analytic hierarchy process was used to indicate the preference structure under different buyer groups.

Findings: The results reveal that the functional value items outperformed emotional value ones; further, quality, technology, and after-sales service were the top three elements of brand value. However, the attribute/element priority varied across different buyer groups. In general, the importance of functional value items was greater than that of emotional value items for most SME types. Top attributes/elements that exceeded 10% importance weight were almost all function-related, aside from emotion-related credibility—the primary concern (20.3%) of forced SMEs that held pessimistic perceptions regarding the economic environment, and procured within a highly concentrated market structure.

Originality/Value: This research study contributes by indicating the relative importance of brand value attributes/elements in the SME context and examining whether the attribute/element priority varies for distinct types of buyers. Based on the results, a target marketing strategy is provided for B-to-B marketers to effectively design marketing offerings and create brand value for their business buyers.     

Global and Local Concentration Patterns in Banking: An Analysis of the EU,the US and Mexico

ABSTRACT

In recent decades, there has been a clear trend towards the consolidation of banking. The first part of this paper reviews and contrasts different theoretical approaches that aim to explain that phenomenon. In the second and third sections, we present an analysis of the consolidation of banking in Europe and the United States to illustrate the nature of the driving forces of such a process. The fourth section presents a detailed discussion of the Mexican banking industry consolidation experience and discusses preliminary data on the performance evolution of incumbent institutions in the new environment created by the 1995 financial crisis.

RESUMEN. A lo largo de las últimas décadas se ha observado una tendencia bien definida hacia la consolidación de la banca. La primera parte de este estudio revisa y traza un contraste entre los enfoques teóricos que pretenden explicar este fenómeno. En la segunda y tercera, presentamos un análisis de la consolidación de la banca en Europa y los Estados Unidos, para ilustrar la naturaleza de las fuerzas que impulsan dicho proceso. La cuarta sección presenta una discusión detallada sobre la experiencia de la banca mexicana en la consolidación del sector, y examinamos los datos preliminares sobre la evolución del desempeño de las instituciones existentes en el nuevo entorno creado por la crisis financiera de 1995.

RESUMO. Nas últimas décadas, observa-se uma clara tendência para a consolidação dos bancos. A primeira parte deste estudo revê e compara as diversas abordagens teóricas que tentam explicar este fenômeno. Na segunda e na terceira partes, apresentamos uma análise da consolidação dos bancos na Europa e nos Estados Unidos, para ilustrar a natureza das forças que impulsionam tal processo. A quarta parte mostra uma discussão detalhada sobre a experiência de consolidação da indústria bancária mexicana e discute os dados preliminares sobre a evolução do desempenho das instituições beneficiadas no novo cenário criado pela crise financeira de 1995.     

Stability of long-run growth in East Asian countries: New evidence from panel stationarity test with structural breaks

This paper investigates the stability of the steady-state growth process in East Asian region using a novel panel stationarity test, which allows us to control for (a) unobserved heterogeneity in form and date of potential structural breaks in a trend function, (b) the cross-sectional dependence among countries in the panel bootstrapping methods, and (c) the serially correlated errors. Evidence shows that a large majority of countries exhibit slowdowns in economic growth after their structural breaks and thus could not recover from negative shocks and return original balanced growth path.     

Enhancing value creation of device vendors in the medical service industry: a relationship perspective

Around the world, hospitals receiving government funding and insurance payments are under increasing pressure to cut costs. Based on the literature in relationship value and transaction cost economics, long-term relationships between suppliers and customers can be beneficial to cost reduction and value creation. This study explores the value of long-term relationships between medical device vendors and hospitals from the hospital perspective. In-depth interviews were conducted employing a grounded theory approach. The results show that in addition to product benefits/costs and supportive services, vendor reputation and sales personnel specificity are most influential towards the value of their long-term relationships.