Food Stamp Program Participation and Food Insecurity: An Instrumental Variables Approach

The relationship between Food Stamp Program (FSP) participation and household food insecurity (FI) is investigated using data from the 1996–1997 National Food Stamp Program Survey. Endogeneity of FSP participation is accommodated with an instrumental variables approach. In contrast to other findings reported in the literature, results suggest participation in the FSP reduces the severity of FI. Sociodemographic variables play important roles in FSP participation and FI. Underreporting of FSP participation and limited observations of food-insecure households in previous studies may have also been factors.     

Managing Food Chain Risks: Integrating Technical and Stakeholder Perspectives on Uncertainty

We explore ways for expressing and communicating uncertainties about food risks and the options for including views from different stakeholders, including members of the public, in risk assessment and risk management. Uncertainty is not only a major consideration of technical risk assessments but also needs to be understood within the two‐way interaction with various stakeholders, ranging from specialist risk managers to members of the public. We consider techniques for integration of technical risk assessment methodologies, including measures of the uncertainties, with social science inputs on participation processes, consumer behaviour and effective risk communication. We use case studies representing different types of risk – chemical contamination, and microbial contamination – to focus the discussion. The paper reviews the approach of ongoing interdisciplinary research which is exploring ways of communicating risks and involving members of the public and other stakeholders in defining the interfaces and processes needed.     

Food Insecurity,Soil Degradation and Agricultural Markets in West Africa: Why Current Policy Approaches Fail

The agricultural sector in West Africa is not at present capable of meeting the growing demand for food for its population and of reversing unfavourable trends in soil degradation. We argue that integrated soil management is an essential condition for sustainable agricultural development in the many regions in West Africa where population pressure forces an intensification of land use. Such an approach combines improved soil-moisture storage measures, and the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers and soil amendments. The synergetic effects which could result from this combination are indispensable for achieving the productivity increases needed to cope with the pressure of population. Current (neo-liberal and ecological-participationist) policy approaches are unable to realize the transition towards integrated soil management technologies. The time lags involved in learning to use new technologies, in the adaptation of technologies to local circumstances, and in reaping the benefits of soil fertility investments call for (at least temporary) support of agricultural incomes.     

试析食品安全问题与食品检测发展方向

随着人们生活水平的不断提高,食品安全问题越来越受到人们的重视,因此,食品质量监管部门也积极致力于食品安全检查管理系统的优化和革新.从现实角度来看,食品安全问题的出现不仅会给社会带来极其严重的负面影响,也会给公众的身心健康带来极大的伤害.本文从食品安全问题与食品检测技术为出发点进行阐述,以期为食品安全与检测发展提供一定的...     

食品安全问题及食品检测发展方向探究

随着人们生活质量的提高,我国各项经济的发展水平都有了突破性的提升,一系列食品安全问题也随之发生。作为食品安全建设中最关键的环节之一,食品安全检测发挥着重要的作用。目前,更加快速、准确地做好食品安全的检测工作已成为国家有关部门关注的重点。     

Assessing the Contribution of Attitudinal Variables in International Models of Food Consumption

Abstract

This study compares the predictive ability of attitudinal variables with that of demographic variables in an international context. Using hierarchical regression analysis, the contribution of attitudinal variables to five models of food purchase behavior in urban China is evaluated. The results of the study indicate that, in some circumstances, multinational firms might opt to omit attitudinal measures in international consumer studies. Analysis of variance techniques are then used to examine the relationship between key demographic variables and food purchase behaviors.     

2020年某市食品安全风险现状分析

通过分析2020年某市32类5101份食品的安全抽样检测结果发现,该市食品安全风险较大、不合格率较高的前3类食品分别为餐饮食品、蔬菜制品、水产品;食品安全风险因素为重金属污染(镉和铅)、阴离子合成洗涤剂、SO2残留及农药残留(4-氯苯氧乙酸钠、毒死蜱、腐霉利等);该市影响食品安全风险场所主要集中在流通环节的农贸市场,其...     

Transforming Economic Growth to Human Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of Elite Political Instability

In the light of the increasing attention on human development (HD) as well as the importance of political instability (PI) in economic performance, this paper examines the role of PI in the transformation of economic growth to HD. It finds that élite PI—the frequency of coups d'état in sub-Saharan Africa—adversely affected the transformation of economic growth to HD, measured as the change in an index of life expectancy and literacy, between 1970 and 1985. Coupled with an additional indirect negative effect on GDP growth, élite PI is found to have engendered a significant adverse impact on HD.     

后疫情时代粮食发展与粮食安全

后疫情时代,世界粮食发展与安全格局发生新变化。稳定发展粮食生产,继续解决好吃饭问题,是治国理政的头等大事。改革开放以来,特别是党的十八大以来,我国粮食发展与安全取得重大成就,堪称伟大奇迹。中国特色的“三农”理念、农村改革、制度政策、农业经营主体、农业科技创新,为国家粮食发展与安全奇迹的创造提供了有力支撑。面对当前全球粮食生产及供给面临的新形势新挑战,必须深入贯彻习近平总书记关于粮食安全的重要论述,认真学习贯彻十九届五中全会精神,进一步强化对粮食地位、功能及内涵的认识,从维护国家安全、应对国际地缘政治新挑战和新冠肺炎疫情影响、支撑国家经济社会稳定发展、加快形成双循环发展新格局和全面建设社会主义现代化国家的战略高度,坚持把“三农”工作摆在全党工作的重中之重地位,坚定不移地走中国特色粮食发展与安全之路。     

食品安全背景下食品检测对食品产业发展的影响

本文对食品检测现状及其对产业发展的影响进行论述,并且提出食品安全大环境下食品产业的发展方向。     

Home Bias in Primary Agricultural and Processed Food Trade: Assessing the Effects of National Degree of Uncertainty Aversion

This study investigates the effects of national degrees of uncertainty aversion (unfamiliarity avoidance) on the magnitude of bias towards domestic products rather than imports. The empirical analysis is implemented for primary agricultural and processed food products, using a panel dataset covering trade between and within OECD countries. Primary agricultural products are often blended and associated with reference prices. Conversely, processed food products exhibit higher levels of product differentiation. The empirical results confirm expectations by emphasizing the magnifying effects of uncertainty aversion on home bias in the case of processed food products but not in the case of primary agricultural products. These magnifying effects are primarily associated with processed food products destined for final household consumption. Other results reveal significant variations between different countries (based on geo‐economic and national income categories). Our results also indicate that home bias and uncertainty aversion effects on home bias have not decreased over time. The empirical results remain robust under different estimation methods.     

Enhancing Access to the Global Food Manufacturing Value Chain: The Role of a Food Safety Technical Regulation in Ghana

Demonstrating compliance with food safety requirements of the global food economy is a prerequisite for access. This article presents an overview of the governance within global value chains and their impact on the prospects of developing countries accessing and participating in the global food manufacturing value chain. Based on fieldwork undertaken in Ghana, the article investigates the issues that hinder compliance of the Ghanaian food manufacturing sector with the basic requirements of food safety and investigates the potential role of a technical regulation in enhancing compliance, and therefore participation, in the global food manufacturing economy.     

基于食品安全背景的食品检测工作创新发展研究

目前食品安全问题已逐渐得到了社会的广泛关注,然而我国食品监管部门在监管力度方面仍存在薄弱部位,检测水平有待提升。在高速发展的现代社会中,只有建立健全的食品安全检测体系,增强检测团队综合素质,才能为食品安全提供保障。在食品安全背景下,只有创新检测工作体系,在食品检测工作开展中融入现代技术,提升检测工作效率与工作质量,才能保证群众生命财产安全。对此,本文基于食品安全背景下食品检测工作的创新发展研究展开讨论,以期为食品行业发展提供理论基础。