服务外包示范城市政府作用的有效性:一项经验研究

笔者通过对2009年19个服务外包示范城市相关数据的收集与整理,研究了服务外包示范城市政府支持作用的有效性.研究结果表明:政府对服务外包的支持行为是有效的,其中上海、深圳、苏州、无锡、南京5个城市有效性非常显著,其他14个城市的显著性相对较弱.对显著性较弱的城市,文章进一步采用了“投影”变换分析方法对其进行了分析.分析结果揭示了政府作用显著性较差的原因及其可进行调整的方向.     

政府干预风险投资的有效性:经验证据及启示

政府干预风险投资市场是国际上的一种普遍做法,然而就干预的有效性而言目前仍缺乏理论和实证上的明确回答。文章是对该问题的整体性实证研究,即考虑了常见的干预方式并以市场整体有效性为检验标准。基于经合组织国家数据的实证检验表明资金供给型政策没有显著效果,收益改善型政策有显著积极效果,这对调整我国倚重资金供给的政策格局有重要启示。     

Income mobility and the middle class in Russia, 1995–2007

This article analyzes the determinants of income mobility between 1995 and 2007, using the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE). The analysis uses the mixture model method and is carried out between and within income groups, defined on the basis of household income. The results of the within-group analysis suggest that the probability of remaining in the middle of the income distribution is greater than that of remaining poor or rich. However, if a household moves away from the middle group, the probability of falling into the bottom group is much higher than that of moving upwards.     

The Index of “Economic Independence”: A New Measure of an Economy’s Ability to Survive Unilaterally

The objective of this article is to fill an existing gap in the literature by constructing an index which attempts to assess the degree of a nation’s immunity to economic risk by quantifying its level of economic independence and its ability to survive unilaterally. To do so, and following the conventional methodology of indices, the article first identifies the dimensions underlying economic independence and then selects the various indicators that best reflect each dimension. It then normalizes each indicator by using its highest and lowest historic goalposts. Finally, it averages the composite index using specific weights assigned first to each indicator and second to each dimension. The economic independence index, which was constructed for 112 countries, provides a gauge to such countries on where they stand in terms of economic resilience and how much risk they face if they were to stand alone economically, or pursue policies that are undesirable from the perspective of more economically powerful countries. This index thus provides a tool for governments to measure the direction and magnitude of government action needed to improve their respective nations’ level of economic independence.     

Poverty dynamics in rural China revisited: do assets matter?

This paper uses an asset-based approach to examine poverty dynamics in rural China over the period 1989–2006. The analysis documents a significant structural component in the poverty dynamics of households. The lack of profitable agricultural asset accumulation plays an unneglectable role in causing households to be trapped in persistent poverty. The escape from poverty is increasingly dominated by stochastic upward mobility rather than by structural movement in terms of asset accumulation. This could threaten the prospect of poverty reduction in rural China. It is argued that future reform and policy-making should pay more attention to building households’ asset base.     

我国现阶段就业政策及效果分析

为了促进就业增长，减缓失业对社会稳定的冲击，我国政府相继实施了再就业工程、积极的宏观经济政策、让部分劳动者提前退休、鼓励非公有制经济的发展等一系列措施。这些政策的实施，对干缓和我国就业矛盾、促进就业增长起到了积极作用。但由干经济条件的限制、政策本身的局限或者政策实施者主观方面的失误，导致政策实施过程中产生了一些负面影响。     

浅析课堂游戏在英语教学上的效用

通过形式多样、生动有趣的英语课堂游戏,有利于提高学生的学习能力,有利于提高学生的个人能力,有利于减轻师生教学负担,使枯燥的语言教学变为学生乐于接受的游戏形式。从启发性、适时性和激励性三个方面,对发挥课堂游戏的最大效用进行了积极探讨与研究。     

Government success,failure of the market: a case study of rural India

Contrary to current thinking, in this paper we argue that a careful examination of government intervention suggests that governments did not fail in all their interventions. For example, in terms of achieving self‐sufficiency in food requirements, Indian government intervention was highly successful. However, in terms of solving rural poverty, the government left it to the market, and the market failed to resolve the poverty problem. Rural poverty, instead of falling, increased and subsequently, the government had to intervene to address the poverty.     

Welfare State and Welfare Society

This paper updates and extends my earlier work on how the middle class fares throughout the world based on the microdata sets that comprise the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS). Wave #6 LIS data, recently released and centered around 2004, provides an opportunity to assess what has happened to the size of the middle class around the world in the early 2000s. In contrast to the 1980s and 1990s, there was no noticeable decline in the middle class during the early 2000s. The paper provides further evidence that the size of the middle class in each nation depends mainly on government tax and spending policies. In particular, it shows the key role played by family allowances and paid family leave in supporting a national middle class.     

对扩大我国中间阶层的思考

构建和谐社会,离不开社会结构的和谐,而中间阶层占社会主体的"橄榄型"社会结构是最为合理的.当前我国社会结构存在许多弊端,贫富差距和两极分化问题凸显.为扩大中间阶层,建议国家和政府可从四大方面入手选择合适路径解决.     

Does aid affect inequality?

We show that there was a negative correlation between pro-poor aid and inequality in the period before the mid-2000s. This article provides an explanation for this observed relationship. Using panel data on 34 countries for the period 1996–2014, we test the hypothesis that pro-poor aid has an inequality-reducing effect. To demonstrate that the negative correlation is not spurious, we use dynamic panel techniques with alternative specifications. We show that the share of pro-poor aid has a negative effect on inequality. In addition, we show that the interaction term between the poverty rate and the change in pro-poor aid has a significant effect. These empirical results are consistent with our theoretical predictions. The results imply that aid can reduce inequality by altering the allocation of aid, rather than by increasing the amount of aid.     

进入规制的强度差异及其原因——基于跨国数据的实证研究

进入规制强度反映了国民投资和经营的自由程度,在一定意义上可以代表市场开放程度和国民的实际经济法律地位。文章利用大样本的跨国数据建立面板数据模型,对进入规制强度差异的原因及其影响进行了实证研究,得出经济发展水平、英系法源、重大事件的发生和民主化程度有助于降低进入规制强度的结论。这意味着为了改变我国目前进入规制强度相对较高的现状,不仅需要积极稳妥地推进进入规制改革,更重要的是进一步完善市场机制,提高经济发展水平,尤其要加快我国的社会主义民主政治建设,以提高民主化和法治化水平。     

转型期中等城市新城市贫困问题实证研究--以安徽省芜湖市为例

转型期出现的新城市贫困问题已经对我国城市的外向发展和内向发展产生了严重影响，而以传统产业和中小企业为主的中等城市是我国新城市贫困的高发地区。文章以安徽省芜湖市为例，利用普查和社会调查等第一手资料，分析了芜湖市新城市贫困的人口、社会和空间特征。发现新城市贫困人口具有人口同期群效应和结构性特征，空间分布出现贫困人口区位化趋势。探讨了新城市贫困的形成原因。认为体制转轨和制度创新不足是我国新城市贫困人口产生的主要原因，而转型期城市发展与管理存在的诸多问题以及贫困人口自身因素也导致了新城市贫困人口的产生。提出解决新城市贫困问题必须依靠深化社会和经济体制改革，在城市贫困的社会救助、扩大就业、规范劳动力市场、加强社区建设等多方面进行制度创新。