气态水对路面结构力学响应模拟研究

为探究气态水对沥青路面力学响应的影响规律，利用有限元软件ABAQUS，建立考虑气态水的路面结构三维有限元模型。基于疲劳寿命计算公式与室内试验，分析常规水气浓度场与实际非均匀水气浓度场对路面疲劳寿命的影响差异。研究结果表明，气态水会影响路面力学指标，常规水气浓度场在计算疲劳寿命时大于路面实际的疲劳寿命，高估了路面结构的抗疲劳能力。室内试验表明，沥青混合料经过气态水的侵蚀后同样会缩短其疲劳寿命，导致路面缺乏安全性，路面在设计及疲劳寿命预估时，引入实际非均匀水气浓度场可提高结果准确性。     

高温多雨气候条件耐久性沥青混合料设计及性能研究

为了提升高温多雨气候条件下沥青混合料的耐久性,通过掺入0%、1%、2%、3%、4% 复合高模量剂改性基质沥青以及对级配曲线进行优化,设计了改进型GAC-20混合料,并对改进型GAC-20混合料的路用性能进行验证。此外,通过复合车辙试验和CT扫描试验对改进型GAC-20混合料的铺装结构性能进行评价。结果表明,复合高模量剂的掺入很好地提高了沥青的软化点、60 ℃黏度,降低了其针入度、135 ℃黏度以及延度,综合考虑沥青基本性能以及成本控制,确定复合高模量剂的掺量为1%。改进型GAC-20混合料路用性能能够很好满足规范要求,且与GAC-20混合料相比,高温稳定性、水稳定性提升了4.96倍、1.06倍。采用4 cm SMA-13+6 cm改进型GAC-20+8 cm GAC-25的铺装结构表现出很好的抗车辙性,且界面处空隙率降低0.8%、内部空隙率降低0.7%,有效提升了沥青混合料的压实效果。因此,采用改进型GAC-20混合料能够提升沥青路面的抗车辙性能和抗水损害性能,为高温多雨条件下耐久性沥青混合料的研究提供了理论依据。     

超载作用对路面力学响应影响研究

为探究超载对复合式沥青路面力学响应的影响，利用有限元软件ABAQUS建立复合式道路模型，分析不同接地压强及不同轴载作用次数对复合式路面车辙与内部力学响应的影响规律，基于实体工程调研结果进一步分析超载对路面的破坏效应。结果表明，随着累计轴载作用次数的增加，不同接地压强的车辙曲线呈发散趋势，超载对路面车辙的影响越显著；接地压强达到1.2MPa时，沥青层超过容许抗拉强度，发生拉裂破坏；实体工程调查结果表明，经历超载作用的路面运营8个月左右，弯沉合格率仅为39.09%。因此为减少超载车辆对路面造成早期破坏，结合数值模拟研究结果，应控制车辆的接地压强不超过1.2 MPa。     

大粒径沥青混合料路面简介

在对大粒径沥青混合料特点的介绍的基础上，阐述了目前沥青混合料力学作用的三种原理，在此基础上，介绍了三种大粒径沥青混合料的结构。说明大粒径沥青混合料路面可以降低用油量，在不增加造价的条件下提高路面的抗车辙，裂缝等破坏的能力，具有较高的工程适用性。     

国省道养护预制装配式沥青路面结构方案力学分析与设计

为了解决国省道公路养护施工受材料、环境影响较大的问题，提出国省道公路养护预制装配式沥青路面结构的思路。通过利用大型有限元软件ABAQUS建立国省道公路预制装配式沥青路面结构的三维仿真模型，模拟计算车辆荷载作用下路面结构的力学响应，进一步利用正交试验方法，研究了沥青面层厚度、玻璃纤维增强刚性基板GFRP基板(Glass fiber reinforced plastic)厚度、基层厚度、沥青面层模量和GFRP基板模量等对预制装配式沥青路面结构表面弯沉值、沥青面层层底拉应力、沥青面层层底剪切应力及路基顶面压应力的影响，最后对比分析了基层带裂缝与无裂缝模式下国省道公路装配式沥青路面结构的力学响应。通过仿真试验，得到了国省道公路养护装配式沥青路面结构的预制装配块的最佳平面设计尺寸，以及不同参数对装配式沥青路面力学响应影响程度的大小排序和装配式沥青路面结构力学响应随不同参数变化的具体规律。设计合理的国省道公路装配式沥青路面结构受力良好，具有较好的抵抗沥青面层反射开裂的能力。     

路面常见病害成因分析及其施工质量控制

沥青混凝土路面与水泥混凝土路面是目前我国公路建设工程中最常被采用的两种路面形式,沥青路面的设计寿命一般为15年,而水泥路面设计寿命是沥青路面的一倍,可达30年左右,然而从实际应用来看,两种路面的使用寿命均明显短于设计寿命,在建成后一两年内就需要维修的现象屡见不鲜,除行驶超重等使用因素外,公路建设项目的施工水平不高,也是缩短路面寿命的关键因素之一。本文对两种路面较常出现的病害进行了分析,并指出了施工中延长道路使用寿命的质量控制重点。     

常州市239省道路面养护改造处治方案研究

文章以常州市239省道路面大修工程中的沥青路面的养护改造为例,采用人工调查旧沥青路面的病害,通过路面状况指数(PCI)、用路面结构强度指数(PSSI)、路面行驶质量指数(RQI)、路面车辙深度指数(RDI)对路面进行评价,并结合病害严重区域的钻芯取样分析病害产生的原因。根据调查与分析结果,针对不同情况,提出了不同的养护改造方案,为旧沥青路面的处治提供参考。     

浅谈沥青路面就地热再生

本文通过对沥青混凝土路面就地热再生混合料进行各项试验，根据试验结果掺加一定的骨料、再生剂及沥青后进行马歇尔及车辙等试验。提出了就地热再生维修方案，并总结了施工方法。     

沥青混凝土路面工程施工工艺的技术探研

一、沥青混凝土路面主要施工工艺 现行的沥青混凝土路面施工工艺主要包括沥青混合料的制备、沥青混合料的运输、沥青混合料的摊铺、铺层的压实，与它们相对应的机械设备分别为沥青混凝土搅拌设备、自卸车、沥青混凝土摊铺机、压路机。     

高速公路沥青混凝土路面破损状况评价

随着我国高速公路建设的加快和养护管理的深入,如何客观科学地对高速公路沥青混凝土路面的破损状况进行评价逐渐成为关注的热点和难题。本文在分析现行的路面破损评价指标不足的基础上,提出了应用路面车辙指数、路面等效裂缝率指数和路面等效修补率指数这三个指标对高速公路沥青混凝土路面破损状况进行分析,克服了原有评价指标的缺陷,有利于道路养护决策方案的实施。     

我国上市公司再融资绩效评价研究

文章选取1999—2004年期间发生再融资的495家上市公司作为分析样本,为消除行业、规模、时间等因素的影响,参考功效系数法构造了上市公司再融资的绩效评价体系。通过实证分析发现,我国上市公司再融资当年及以后6年内出现绩效显著下降;不同年份再融资的公司绩效有显著差异;再融资的方式对绩效有显著的影响,其中可转债最好、增发其次、配股最差;再融资后资产负债率上升,而公司绩效反而下降;上市公司总资产规模与再融资绩效无关。     

超静孔隙水压作用下软土卸荷模量研究

软土的卸荷模量是基坑设计和数值分析的重要参数,然而现阶段富水软土地区的基坑开挖和设计均忽视了超静孔隙水压和卸荷比对软土卸荷模量的影响,导致基坑工程的数值分析结果与实际工程存在偏差.以深圳淤泥质软土为研究对象,利用TSZ全自动应力控制式三轴仪,开展一系列K0固结不排水三轴卸荷试验研究,求得不同超静孔隙水压和卸荷比条件下软土卸荷模量计算公式.研究结果表明,初始卸荷模量随固结围压增大而增大,超静孔隙水压对软土的卸荷模量具有削弱作用;以邓肯-张计算模型为基础,在考虑卸荷应力路径和超静孔隙水压对卸荷模量的影响下,推导出考虑卸荷应力路径的切线变形模量Et和考虑超静孔隙水压的切线变形模量Etu表达式;推导的软土卸荷模量公式对基坑的数值分析具有一定的实用价值.     

不同温拌剂对橡胶沥青混合料性能的影响

温拌技术可有效降低橡胶沥青混合料的施工温度，但不同类型的温拌技术对橡胶沥青混合料性能的影响存在明显差异。采用不同类型的温拌剂材料制备温拌橡胶沥青混合料，开展混合料的密实度试验、水稳定性试验、动稳定度试验与动态模量试验。研究表明，各类温拌剂均可有效降低橡胶沥青施工温度，然而Evotherm-DAT温拌剂将导致橡胶沥青混合料的抗水损性能与抗车辙性能降低，石蜡与Asphalt-min温拌剂对橡胶沥青混合料的影响相对较小。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.