浅谈公允价值计量在新会计准则中的应用

如何强化公允价值计量在新会计准则中的应用是当今我们面临的问题之一.文章对公允价值计量的相关定义进行探讨,并分析了公允价值计量在新会计准则应用中存在的问题,最后探讨了如何强化公允价值计量在新会计准则中的应用.     

新会计准则下公允价值的应用及对策

从公允价值的内涵和公允价值在新会计准则下的应用现状入手,分析了公允价值计量在实际运用中尚存在的问题,提出了公允价值计量在新会计准则下的应对策略。     

论新会计准则下的公允价值计量

最近一段时期以来,公允价值一直都是国际会计理论界研究的一个热点问题。2006年,我国新会计准则的出台,再一次使公允价值计量模式受到广泛关注。基于这一现状,笔者就我国新会计准则下的公允价值计量问题进行了分析与论述。文章首先阐述了公允价值计量的相关理论,继而分析了新会计准则下公允价值计量面临的问题,然后提出了应对公允价值计量问题的对策措施,最后对全文进行了总结,以期能够对我国当前新会计准则下公允价值计量的科学运用提供一点可借鉴之处。     

公允价值的应用探讨

在新的会计准则中,公允价值的应用是一大亮点。前基本会计准则明确了以历史成本为各会计要素的计量基础,但如果能够取得公允价值并且公允价值可以可靠计量,则采用公允价值计量。总体上说,新会计准则体系对公允价值的运用还是比较谨慎的,其中涉及公允价值的准则有24项,实现了我国会计准则的新突破,这一点在中国会计界是里程碑式的。     

从国际会计准则趋同看公允价值计量在我国的应用

新会计准则的发布标志着我国的会计准则体系与国际会计准则的全面接轨;新会计准则允许采用公允价值作为计量基础,引起某些人士的担忧;本文通过对公允价值计量产生的背景及特点,公允价值计量在国外的研究及应用,我国采用公允价值计量的客观条件及应用范围的分析,论述了公允价值计量在我国应用的前景及意义。     

公允价值计量模式对上市公司业绩的影响

新会计准则体系中采用了公允价值计量模式,本文通过将历史成本和公允价值进行对比,对公允价值计量模式进行了具体的分析,探讨了公允价值的引入对上市公司业绩的影响。本文认为,我国新会计准则体系采用公允价值计量模式能够真实客观地体现企业的投资价值,最后展望了公允价值计量属性在我国的应用前景。     

完善我国新会计准则中公允价值计量的措施

新会计准则在很多方面都实现了突破,其中公允价值计量属性的应用是最为引人注目的.本文分析了公允价值运用的难点,最后分析提出完善我国新会计准则中公允价值计量的措施.     

新会计准则下公允价值计量的探析

我国《企业会计准则——基本准则》中明确了公允价值计量属性,按新会计准则要求“在公允价值计量下,资产和负债按照在公平交易中,熟悉情况的交易双方自愿进行资产交换或者债务清偿的金额计量。”公允价值的引入成为新会计准则体系的一大亮点。而自美国次贷危机以来．公允价值计量模式再次成为许多学者争论的焦点。本文就我国现行会计准则体系中公允价值计量的相关问题进行了分析．进而提出公允价值计量在实际应用中可能存在的问题及相关建议。     

公允价值的尴尬——以投资性房地产为例

公允价值一直是业界争论的焦点。根据新会计准则的规定,投资性房地产的后续计量可采用成本模式和公允价值模式。新会计准则对投资性房地产引入公允价值计量模式本身就是对其的一种肯定。但公允价值计量模式在新会计准则颁布后一直备受冷落,大部分企业在对投资性房地产进行后续计量时仍采用成本模式,公允价值计量属性遇到了尴尬。本文认为其原因在于企业对重要性、成本效益和谨慎性等方面的考虑,进而得出企业在面对会计计量属性时的理性选择。     

公允价值在我国会计中的应用

公允价值作为一种计量属性,在新会计准则中得到广泛运用。本文探讨了公允价值在新会计准则体系中的使用情况及影响,同时指出了我国在应用公允价值计量中所面临的问题,并就如何应对提出了对策和建议。     

纳米技术在聚烯烃中的研究进展

综述了聚烯烃纳米复合材料的优点、使用价值和近年来国内外聚烯烃纳米复合材料的研究进展，并介绍了无机粒子／聚烯烃复合材料和粘土／聚烯烃复合材料，重点阐述了粘土与聚乙烯、聚丙烯纳米复合材料的制备方法及粘土／聚烯烃纳米复合材料插层热力学分析，对目前聚烯烃纳米复合材料存在问题及发展前景进行了探讨。     

Developments in Consumer Protection in India

This paper surveys the major developments in the field of consumer protection in India since 1984, when the statutory provisions for regulating unfair trade practices were incorporated for the first time.Among the developments described in the paper is the strengthening of provisions for consumer protection through amendments to the Act regulating restrictive and monopolistic trade practices (the MTRP Act). Public-sector undertakings and co-operative societies have been brought within the purview of the Act, and consumers have obtained the right to participate in inquiry proceedings before the MRTP Commission.Consumers and their associations have been given the right to seek redress of grievances arising out of the violation of certain pieces of legislation, including the Drugs and Cosmetics Act. The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, was enacted in order to provide speedy and inexpensive redress of consumers' grievances. Redress can now be sought before any consumer court also for negligence or deficiency in medical services.The Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986, has strengthened the measures for the standardisation and quality control of manufactured goods.A Consumer Welfare Fund has been set up to provide financial assistance to voluntary consumer organisations and for the general development of consumer movement in the country. A spurt in voluntary consumer organisations in different parts of the country can also be observed.Other developments include the establishment of a separate Department of Consumer Affairs in the Union Government and the setting up of a Consumer Product Testing Laboratory.     

关于我国资产证券化若干问题的探讨

资产证券化是一项复杂的金融工具创新,引进和实施这种新型的融资工具需要大量的配套工作。我国实施资产证券化需要解决特设机构的设立、基础资产的选择、破产隔离、信用增级、会计处理、税收政策以及立法和监管等方面的问题。     

Healthy Investments in Investing in Health

This article discusses socially responsible investing (SRI) and tobacco. SRI allows investors, both institutional and individual, to express their concerns and make their social and ethical stands known to the companies they invest in and patronize. The tobacco industry is active in every country on the globe and generates huge profits, while tobacco use is responsible for 4 million deaths every year.The authors explore past and current views on investment in tobacco, partly based on a survey conducted by the Tobacco Free Initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO). There is clearly a trend toward divestment from tobacco for both ethical and financial reasons. Tobacco-free investments can be both ethically sound and financially profitable.     

Economic Keywords in 2007 in China

RMB exchange rate The exchange rate of Renminbi,the Chinese currency, witnessed an appreciation of around six percent to one U.S. dollar this year. On December 13, the central parity rate stood at RMB 7.3568 against one dollar,according to the Chinese Foreign Exchange Trading System, breaking the 7.36 mark.     

Conflict in Supplier–Retailer Relationships in the Brewery Industry in Cameroon

The authors develop a theoretical framework to explain conflict in supplier–retailer relationships. In addition to traditional influence strategy variables, the framework links conflict to retailer dependence and supplier formalization. The framework is empirically tested in the Cameroonian brewery industry. The findings support the view that channel conflict is inversely related to retailer dependence and supplier formalization. Contrary to expectations, the use of noncoercive influence strategies (information exchange and recommendations) has no significant effect on conflict, while, as expected, the use of coercive influence strategies (threats and promises) increases conflict.     

粤北山区砖园仓储粮机械通风应用研究

在砖园仓机械通风应用试验中,正确运用理论计算,精确得出通风技术数据,依此设计通风系统,结果表明：在实仓运行中,检测的主要技术参数和设计值基本相符,经136h通风,粮温从38℃降至13℃,吨粮降温耗电0.011℃,降温好、电耗低,证明设计方法正确,符合南方稻谷产区,解决了基层普遍存在的砖园仓机械通风盲目设计问题,为规范设计作出了示范,验证了粮层压力正确计算方法。     

Injuries in different socio-economic groups in Finland

Introduction. Suicides are a hidden and unrecognized epidemic in the Indian region, affecting predominantly younger age groups. Information on causative risk factors and mechanisms is not available in the country, which is crucial for designing intervention programmes.

Objectives. To identify and quantify risk factors for completed suicides in the city of Bangalore.

Methods. A case–control study was conducted with the families of 269 completed suicides and 269 living controls within the broader population of the city using psychological autopsy methods.

Results. The study has shown that several factors in the areas of family, marriage, education, occupation, general health, mental health and absence of protective factors contribute significantly for suicides. The cumulative and repetitive interaction of several factors in a complex manner results in suicides. The significant factors were presence of previous suicidal attempt in self (odds ratio (OR) = 42.62), interpersonal conflicts and marital disharmony with spouse (OR = 27.98), alcoholism in self (OR = 23.38), presence of a mental illness (OR = 11.07), sudden economic bankruptcy (OR = 7.1), domestic violence (OR = 6.82) and unemployment (OR = 6.15). Individuals completing suicides did not have a positive outlook towards life, problem-solving approaches and coping skills.

Conclusion. The observed findings are at variance with suicidal causation in the West in some areas operating in a different sociocultural and economic environment. The intervention strategies should include prioritized macro and micro level efforts aimed at individual, family and society.