我国绿色金融发展的区域差异及其影响因素研究

本文基于绿色信贷、绿色证券、绿色保险和碳金融四个层面,构建我国区域绿色金融发展指数的评价指标体系,并运用指标体系对我国30个省(除西藏、港澳台以外)的绿色金融发展情况进行评价,按照发展程度大体分为三个区域。随后对我国绿色金融发展的区域差异及其变动趋势进行分析,并对我国绿色金融发展差异的影响因素进行实证分析。得出如下结论:由于经济发展观念及增长方式、国家政策扶持等固有因素的差异,我国经济发达地区的绿色金融发展水平低于经济欠发达地区;2010年以来我国区域绿色金融发展的总差异呈现两阶段的缩小趋势;经济的发展、产业结构的升级以及能耗结构的优化促进了绿色金融发展差异的减小。     

绿色金融对经济低碳转型的作用机制与影响效应

党的二十大对积极稳妥推进碳达峰、碳中和，建立与绿色发展相匹配的金融供给提出明确要求。文章通过构建碳排放绩效和绿色金融发展指数，探讨绿色金融对经济低碳转型的作用机制与空间影响，研究发现：我国经济低碳转型与绿色金融发展在变化趋势、空间特征上存在相似性；绿色金融能显著推动经济低碳转型，其中能源结构优化、技术创新进步发挥了重要的中介通道作用；绿色金融对经济低碳转型具有正向空间溢出影响，但作用效果并不显著，空间影响的异质性是降低绿色金融经济低碳影响的主要原因，未来需关注区域绿色金融资源的合理化分配。     

我国金融支持科技创新的效率评价--基于超效率DEA与Malmquist指数方法

本文基于超效率DEA模型,分析了我国30个省、自治区和直辖市2006—2012年的金融投入和科技产出数据,对其效率均值进行排名;并通过Malmquist指数分析方法对我国科技金融的全要素生产率及技术效率、技术进步、纯技术效率和规模效率指数的变化趋势以及区域差异进行实证分析。研究表明：我国金融支持科技创新的效率呈现U形走势,主要是依靠东部地区带动,而西部地区效率值差异明显;2006—2012年全要素科技金融效率呈现上升趋势,上升了2.6%,引起效率提升的主要原因是技术进步;通过区域分析发现,三大区域的效率均呈现上升趋势,中西部地区的效率增长高于东部地区,技术效率的变化是导致区域差异的主要原因。     

我国金融支持科技创新的效率评价——基于超效率DEA与Malmquist指数方法

本文基于超效率DEA模型,分析了我国30个省、自治区和直辖市2006—2012年的金融投入和科技产出数据,对其效率均值进行排名;并通过Malmquist指数分析方法对我国科技金融的全要素生产率及技术效率、技术进步、纯技术效率和规模效率指数的变化趋势以及区域差异进行实证分析。研究表明:我国金融支持科技创新的效率呈现U形走势,主要是依靠东部地区带动,而西部地区效率值差异明显;2006—2012年全要素科技金融效率呈现上升趋势,上升了2.6%,引起效率提升的主要原因是技术进步;通过区域分析发现,三大区域的效率均呈现上升趋势,中西部地区的效率增长高于东部地区,技术效率的变化是导致区域差异的主要原因。     

多维度空间视角下绿色金融支持低碳发展效果评价

绿色金融是建立绿色低碳循环发展经济体系的重要抓手,因此科学客观评价绿色金融支持绿色低碳循环发展效果尤为重要。本文在梳理绿色金融支持低碳发展作用机理的基础上,用省际面板数据测度我国绿色金融发展水平,并利用GIS工具分析绿色金融与低碳发展的时空变迁规律和地理分布特征,然后运用空间杜宾模型从经济增长、产业转型和环境保护三个维度实证检验绿色金融支持低碳发展的效果。研究表明:绿色金融与低碳发展呈现显著的正相关关系,且绿色金融存在空间溢出效应,即对本地区和相邻地区的低碳发展均具有积极影响;且绿色金融对经济增长的驱动效果最好,对环境保护的驱动效果次之,对产业转型的驱动效果不显著。     

科技金融发展对中国经济增长的影响研究——基于空间计量模型的实证检验

通过构建科技金融发展水平指标体系,采用指数合成法计算我国30个省(市、自治区)2001-2015年的科技金融发展综合指数,并基于空间计量模型,探究科技金融对区域经济增长的影响及其空间溢出效应.结果表明:我国各地区科技金融发展水平差距显著,呈现"东高西低"的空间特征;科技金融发展水平存在明显的空间相关性,在空间上表现出东部沿海地带"高高"集聚与西部欠发达地区"低低"集聚的特征;科技金融发展对区域经济增长的推动作用明显,且存在显著的正向空间溢出效应.     

绿色金融发展的碳减排效应及机制路径研究

党的二十大报告指出,要积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和目标,加快绿色转型。社会经济发展的绿色化、低碳化离不开绿色金融的支持。本文利用我国30个省份2007-2020年的面板数据,实证检验了绿色金融发展与碳排放的相关关系及影响机制,并对可能存在的区域异质性进行探索。结果表明：绿色金融发展可通过能源结构、技术效应、规模效应三种路径间接降低碳排放,碳排放减排效果存在区域异质性,中部地区最为显著,其次是东部地区,西部地区效果不明显。发挥绿色金融发展对经济的转型作用、提升金融机构资金配置效率、加强地区空间联动应是未来绿色金融发展赋能我国双碳目标实现的重要途径。     

会计视角下金融机构环境信息披露的思考

<正>一、引言在碳中和成为全球趋势的背景下,经济向低碳、环保、节约、可持续转型成为必然趋势,世界上的主要国家和地区均将绿色金融作为可持续发展的至关重要的抓手。在我国,绿色金融被提升到前所未有的战略高度。2021年,《中共中央国务院关于完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念做好碳达峰碳中和工作的意见》明确积极发展绿色金融,将绿色信贷纳入宏观审慎评估框架。     

区域金融发展与经济增长耦合度评价比较研究

本文在分析区域金融发展与经济增长耦合交互关系的基础上,建立了二者协调发展的动态耦合模型,对四大区域金融发展与经济增长系统协调发展进行了研究,研究结果显示:2001-2014年我国金融发展和经济增长两指数均整体上表现出稳步上升趋势,但经济增长指数波动性较为明显;两系统耦合水平处于协调发展阶段,基本实现二者的相互影响,共同发展;四大区域在两系统发展水平以及耦合度上均存在差异,具体表现为东高西低.     

中国普惠金融发展的时空特征及提升对策研究

本文构建了普惠金融发展评价指标体系,运用变异系数法和熵值法确定权重,利用人类发展指数计算公式对2008～2017年我国普惠金融发展水平进行测度,并结合空间自相关检验和Kernel密度函数对中国普惠金融发展的时空特征及动态演变过程进行分析。结果表明:我国普惠金融整体呈现东部、东北、西部和中部递减的空间分布特征,省域间发展差距较大,空间集聚特征较为明显,超过83.9%的省份存在高高、低低的"俱乐部"特征。分区域来看,整体和东部地区普惠金融发展主要集聚于中低水平,存在"双波峰"两极分化现象,中部地区发展波动性较大,西部地区上升趋势较为明显。本文结论能够为统筹各区域普惠金融协调发展和推动金融体制改革提供借鉴参考。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Commodity financialization and sector ETFs: Evidence from crude oil futures

We investigate the diversification benefits of energy assets in the setting of commodity financialization using data on crude oil futures and Sector ETFs (SPDRs). Correlations between commodities and financial assets increased during the post-Commodity Futures Modernization Act (CFMA)/commodity bull cycle period, resulting in lower benefits of diversification. However, we find that conditional correlations between crude oil futures and sector ETFs meaningfully increased only since the 2008–09 financial crisis. The results therefore suggest that the financial crisis, rather than CFMA regulation, explains changes in the diversification benefits of commodities. Moreover, we find that oil futures returns are less correlated with SPDRs than with the S&P index. Thus, energy futures, and crude oil in particular, offer the potential for diversification benefits in sector-style investing.     

Dutch accounting in Japan 1609-1850: isolation or observation?

The trading station or factory maintained by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was Japan's sole window on the Western world during most of the Tokugawa period (1600-1868). While many aspects of the factory's role in Dutch/Japanese cultural exchange have been researched little is known in the West of the accounting at the factory. This paper considers the possibility that double-entry bookkeeping employed by the Dutch may have been diffused to the Japanese. The available evidence is synthesized after considering the accounting system in the Dutch factory.