益普索加强中美洲实力,收购TMG旗下Custom研究分公司

<正>益普索(Ipsos)联席总裁让·马克(Jean-Marc Lech)和朱贤特(Didier Truchot)于近期宣布,全球领先的市场研究集团益普索(Ipsos)已成功收购运营于中美洲的TMG(TheMarketing Group)营     

产品信息

烟台同升科技发展有限公司地址:烟台市前进路西06号(264000) 电话:0535-6681991 2971680 6191963 传真:6271411 生产经营: (1) 直线轴承、直线芯轴; (2) 直线导轨; (3) 精密滚珠丝杠; (4) 气动元件; (5) 油缸、气缸; (6) 气缸、油缸专用冷拔珩磨缸筒。     

选择适当的分辨率

数码相机比较典型的分辨率分别是:640×480(30万 像素)、1024×768(80万像素)、1280×960(120万像素)、 1600×1200(200万像素)、2048 × 1536(300万像素)、2272 ×1704(400万像素)、2560×1920(500万像素)等等。 除了最高分辨率,目前大多数数码相机都有几档较低的 分辨率可供选择,那么在实际拍摄中应该如何选择呢? 我们来探讨一些基本的原则。     

JTRAS/OSTBC系统在莱斯信道下的性能分析

在莱斯衰落信道下,研究了使用联合发射/接收天线选择(JTRAS)和正交空时分组码(OSTBC)的多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的平均符号误码率(ASEP)性能。基于标量加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)信道的方法,推导出了分别使用频移键控调制(FSK)和脉冲幅度调制(PAM)的ASEP性能的精确闭合表达式。数值仿真结果与理论分析结果相吻合,验证了分析结果的正确性。仿真结果表明：随着发射天线或接收天线数的增加,JTRAS/OSTBC系统的ASEP性能得到了很好的改善,当使用2FSK调制,信噪比为8 dB时,(4,4;2)系统的误码率是1×10-2,(6,6;6)系统的误码率是2×10-4;莱斯因子对JTRAS/OSTBC系统的ASEP性能有显著影响,当使用2FSK调制,信噪比为10 dB时,在莱斯因子为0时,(4,4;4)系统的误码率是7×10-4;在莱斯因子为4时,(4,4;4)系统的误码率是1.5×10-4;在莱斯因子为100时,(4,4;4)系统的误码率是8×10-5。     

谈县(市)住房公积金管理工作的难点及对策

相对于市级住房公积金管理工作而言,县(市)级住房公积金管理工作存在一些难点:一、县(市)政府重视程序不够;二、归集扩面难度较大;三、贷款发放调控余地小;四、宣传力度不够;五、办公条件较差。应从几方面着力解决:一、争取县(市)政府的重视和支持;二、强化归集扩面;三、加强贷款管理;四、开展多种形式的宣传活动;五、市中心要关心县(市)公积金的发展。     

趁经济危机创业吧!

<正>当阿彼锡·米特拉(Abhishek Mitra)和钱德拉尼?查克拉巴蒂(Chandrani Chakrabarthi)告别加州信息科技(IT)行业的工作回到印度时,他们是为了寻找自己创业的机会。因此,在去年4月报名印度商学院(ISB)MBA课程仅仅数月后,这对夫妻搭档就做出决定:为印度市场开发健康饮品确实是一个机会。     

中山巨龙 笑傲古玩市场 高端平台 成就经典文化——中山三乡巨龙国际古玩博览中心引领中国古玩市场消费潮流

<正> 在广东省中山市三乡镇前陇管理区广珠公路侧105国道附近,一座仿古建筑傲然挺立,雄踞江(江门)中(中山)珠(珠海)澳(澳门)经济圈腹地,全面辐射南中国,这就是目前中国最大的古旧家具、古玩交易的专业市场——巨龙国际古玩博览中心。     

未来人居新趋势

未来的人居应该是以智能化、人性化、生态节能为主要特质;以新、奇、炫的风格,新颖的方式和高科技建筑部品与技术设备为手段;营造未来人居气氛,满足未来人居对于审美、个性、亲自然的需求和人们对未来居住发展趋向的认同感。未来的人居设计应该围绕着智能(Intelligence)、人性化(User-friendly)、生态(Ecology)、节能(Energy-Efficiency)、创新(Innovation)、互动(Interaction)、教育(Education)等核心词汇展开。     

《国际经贸探索》2005年总目录

泛珠三角经济泛珠三角经济圈九省(区)科研能力综合评估%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%杨友孝,罗安军(1·4)广东外贸出口与经济增长的实证研究%%%%%%胡晨光(1·8)强化粤澳劳务合作实现互利双赢%%%%罗明忠,张炳申(2·4)论珠江三角洲五大机场的定位%%%%%%%%鲍同振(3·13)广东保险产品供求状况与创新对策%%%%%%黄友爱(3·18)香港码头处理费问题的困扰及其出路%%%%%萧怡钦(3·22)解析广东高技术产业国际竞争力%%%%牛卫平,庄丽娟(4·50)珠江三角洲与加拿大经贸合作研究%%%%%%%左连村(5·4)对深化广东口岸管理体制改革的思考%%%%%%关晓红(5·10)从“油荒”透视…     

杜邦公司推出两项防伪鉴别技术

杜邦公司包装材料及工业高分子事业部(DuPont Packaging &amp; Industrial Polymers (P&amp;IP))及其下属安全防伪技术部(Security &amp; Solutions business)宣布将向市场推出两项新的包装防伪鉴别技术，可以为商标品牌持有者提供防伪防剽窃的有力武器。这两项技术分别是Bio-Molecular Fingerprint生物分子指纹技术(隐含)和Color Spectra Film彩色光谱薄膜技术(外部)，     

European luxury big business and emerging Asian markets, 1960–2010

This article tackles the transformation of the European luxury business since the 1960s, through the examples of the French fashion industry and the Swiss watch business. It argues that emerging Asian markets, that is, Japan between the 1960s and the 1990s and subsequently China since 2000, have played a key role in this process as the major outlets. It examines the strategies adopted to access East Asia markets and how they were affected by the emergence of luxury multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the 1980s. While department stores were a gateway to Japanese market since the 1960s, they gradually lost their bargaining power when French and Swiss MNEs began to internalise distribution and to implement a global brand management strategy. This feature is also a major characteristic of the distribution of luxury goods in China, where MNEs are directly involved.     

Tourists' purchase intentions: impact of franchise brand awareness

This study examines how an intention on the part of tourists to purchase items for daily use is determined by their awareness of franchise-branded stores, the image of those brands, and the perceived risk of purchase from non-franchised stores within Taiwan. In that country franchised chains are an important component of the retail mix, and their presence in tourist destinations can influence shopping patterns. The results indicate that positive relationships exist between intentions to purchase items from franchise convenience stores and perceived risk of buying from unfamiliar retail outlets. Equally familiarity with the destination acts as a moderating variable, and this variable facilitates higher patronage of non-franchised stores by tourists. The results indicate a general preference for purchases from well-established franchised outlets than locally independent owned stores. Managerial implications for both types of stores in tourist zones are discussed.     

Lessons learned from international expansion failures and successes

Many retail and restaurant companies adopt international expansion as a strategy to take advantage of business opportunities presented by target markets. Common objectives include increasing revenue, escaping a hypercompetitive or saturated home market, entering an emerging or lucrative market, and leveraging domestic capabilities in a bordering country. Success in international expansion is not guaranteed, however; the business world is littered with failures. In this article, we examine the international expansion failures of five service companies that opened physical facilities in a foreign country: Target, Tim Hortons, Best Buy, Tesco, and Walmart. While a variety of factors led to these failures, some common causes have been identified. These include a lack of understanding of the purchasing characteristics of consumers, underestimation of the local competition, supply chain issues, and poor strategic decisions regarding facility location and the rate of expansion. Not all international expansions are failures, though, and herein we also present the success stories of Aldo, Carrefour, and Nordstrom. These companies understood customer preferences and focused on location issues and their supply chains. Based on the aforementioned failures and successes, we offer guidance for companies looking to expand their business operations via a physical presence in a foreign country.     

Are Farmers' Market Shoppers Different From Cross-Shoppers? The Case of Hawaiian Avocado Purchasers

Small- and medium-size growers use direct marketing and farmers’ markets to access customers and avoid supply chain intermediaries that increase costs of getting products to consumers. This study examined consumers’ use of agricultural product information sources and their shopping outlet patronage preferences for one type of locally grown produce: avocados.

Two farmers’ market segments were identified: 1) shops only farmers’ markets and 2) cross-shops grocery stores. Product information came from a variety of sources: media, retailers, and organizations. “Buy Local” or “product origin” were considered in produce shopping decisions. One dimension, “Buy Local,” was significant in differentiating farmers’ market segments.     

Consumer satisfaction in retail stores: theory and implications

The substitution of small retail stores by the large stores has been a topic of debate among academics, practitioners, retailers and general public, especially in the context of foreign firms entering emerging markets such as China and India. The purpose of this research is to find out the determinants of consumer satisfaction in small and large retail stores in an emerging market, with a sample from India. Data were collected using a 39‐item structured questionnaire developed by the authors. The sample consists of 225 consumers who shop at retail outlets (Convenience sample of 125 consumers from small and 100 consumers from large stores respectively). Exploratory factor analysis grouped the 39 variables into 14 factors. Further, regression analysis revealed that six of the factors (Social desirability, staff friendliness, shopping economy, shopping ambience, family shopping and deal proneness) were major predictors of consumer satisfaction as they were found to be significant at 5% level. The significance of factors such as social desirability and staff friendliness imply that many consumers prefer those typical features of small stores, which in turn results in the likely coexistence of small retail formats in spite of the entry and proliferation of large retail stores from different countries. We posit three theoretical propositions to stimulate further research in this area.     

Consumer Preference and Willingness to Pay for a Local Label Attribute in Western Australian Fresh and Processed Food Products

This study investigates Western Australia’s consumer attitudes toward and preferences for locally produced food products signified by a state-funded campaign logo, Buy West Eat Best (BWEB). A choice experiment using both a fresh and a processed food product (skinless chicken breast and fruit yogurt) is conducted to assess willingness to pay for a local production attribute and other label claims. We find that consumer awareness and preference for local foods is high. However, this high preference is not because the product is locally produced but because of the local attributes associated with high-quality products. The study highlights the importance of successfully differentiating products through credible labeling schemes in order to capture market premium.     

The Economic Effects of Repealing Fair Trade Laws

Legislation in 1976 abolishing fair trade appears to have led to limited price cutting among retailers. In particular, stores identified by their managers as being “discount” outlets were found to have undercut the prices of other stores in most product groups while the pricing policies of chain stores and multi-line stores have not become more aggressive on fair trade items since repeal. Limited evidence indicates that a reduction in nonprice competition in the form of newspaper advertising and sales personnel has also attended repeal. Finally, a substantial increase in the frequency of business failures in fair trade states during 1976 indicates that a consolidation among retailers may have coincided with the abolishment of uniform, manufacturer-specified retail prices.     

中国消费者的购物价值研究:以零售经销店为切入点(英文)

本文旨在探讨中国消费者的购物价值。在利用定性研究所获得的购物价值维度的基础上,本文还采用量化研究来进一步评估消费者在两类零售经销店——百货商店和超型市场中的购物体验及相应的购物价值观。研究结果表明,中国消费者倾向于同时到上述两类零售经销店购物,并从中获得自我满足感和实现社会交往;同时,他们在百货商场获得更多的享乐性购物价值,而在超市里则获得更多的实用性购物价值。这些研究结果凸显了购物体验和购物价值对中国消费者的重要性。     

“One-deal-fits-all?” On Category Sales Promotion Effectiveness in Smaller versus Larger Supermarkets

Even within a store chain and format, supermarket outlets often exhibit substantial differences in selling surface. For chain managers, this raises the issue of correctly anticipating the promotion lift, and of profitably managing promotion activities, across these outlets. In this paper, we conceptualize why and how store size influences the category sales effectiveness of four promotional indicators (depth of the promotional discount, display support, feature support, and whether the promotion is quantity-based). We then estimate the net moderating effect on four product categories for 103 store outlets belonging to four chains. For each of the promotion instruments, we find the percentage sales increases to be lower in large stores. For instance, whereas a 10% point increase in feature activity enhances category sales by about 1.64% in a 700 m² store, this figure drops to only 1.03% in a 1300 m² store – a 59% reduction. This moderating effect is especially pronounced for discount depth, the relative sales lift from a typical price cut being about 78% lower in the larger-sized outlet. However, since large outlets also have larger base sales, the picture changes when we consider absolute sales effects. The net outcome is that deeper discounts or quantity-based promotions do not systematically generate larger or smaller absolute sales bumps in large stores, whereas for in-store displays and features, we obtain a clear positive (be it less than proportional) link between store size and absolute category sales lift. When it comes to margin implications, we show that large stores gain higher profit from price cuts than small outlets only as long as the retailer keeps part of the manufacturer discount to himself. Managers can use these insights to improve their promotional forecasts across outlets, as well as to tailor their mix of instruments to store selling surface.     

A Decision Model for E-commerce-enabled Partial Market Exit

Struggling retail chains often try to recover profitability by closing some of their stores. The challenge in this strategy lies in determining how many stores to close, as store exit has implications for both the customers and the supply chain. After a store closes, its customers are lost forever to the competition, unless there is a surviving open store nearby or an electronic alternative such as an e-store. From the supply chain perspective, after a store closes, its supporting regional distribution center is left with less business, and thus reduced viability. This paper develops a decision support model to study the profitability of alternative retail network structures by varying the proportion of stores that are closed, the average price sensitivity of demand, the price difference between the online store and the traditional retailers, and customer retention rates.