开放型经济模式的外部经济效应和知识溢出原理

各国开放型经济模式的发展,通过国际市场而联成一气,大为促进了经济全球化的发展。而经济全球化的发展,又使各国的意识形态、科学技术、文化知识以及经济发展之间的影响越来越大。因此,开放型经济模式的外部经济效应趋向突出,其中知识的生产和传播的作用越来越大,这已成为开放型经济模式发展中的重要规律。     

The Changing Political and Economic Status of the American Indians

A bstract . Resource development on American Indian lands is bringing about a dramatic transformation of the political and economic status of American Indians. Recently, scholars observing this change have increasingly used underdevelopment theory to explain the nature of these changes. However, this discussion points out that as applied to American Indians , the perspective of underdevelopment theory is skewed in several important ways. Specifically, it fails to take into account the distinctive historical and political status of Indians in American society , A simple typology, captive nations 2Lad internal colonies is proposed for describing the status of Indian tribes before and after development.     

美国西进运动的经济意义

美国的西进运动在美国的文明发展史上有着划时代的意义。它运用资本主义的生产方式开发了美国西部。尽管西进运动对于印第安人造成了精神上和肉体上的迫害,但是从经济意义上看,它深入到美国农业,交通运输业和工业方面,从而促进了美国经济的全面繁荣,增强了美国的经济实力。     

The Pelagian Controversy: An Economic Analysis

A bstract .   In recent years economic theory has been used to analyze the introduction of new religious doctrines as innovations that further the objectives of religious organizations and their leaders. The present study analyzes the decision of church authorities in the early fifth century to reject the doctrine advanced by Pelagius in favor of the position taken by Augustine. Accounts of the controversy reveal two self-interested motives for the church hierarchy to reject the Pelagian doctrine: (1) the Pelagian view would have undermined the authority of the church hierarchy; and (2) by making greater demands for moral conduct, it would have raised the "cost" of being a Christian and thereby discouraged growth in church membership, particularly among the Roman upper class.     

美国经济走势及对我国经济的影响

随着经济全球化的发展,世界各国经济发展之间的相互联系日趋紧密,而美国作为世界第一经济大国,其经济走势对世界经济的影响也日益增强.近期,美国经济运行出现的新情况在国际国内均引起广泛关注,美国经济究竟向何处去,对我国经济的影响如何,是值得认真研究的问题.     

The Economic Effects of Right to Work Laws

Right to work (RTW) laws have had growing labor market importance, as the proportion of Americans living in RTW states has risen over time, mainly because of a large in-migration of labor and capital. In the 2000–2009 period alone, over 5 million Americans moved into RTW states from non-RTW jurisdictions. This resource movement has led to greater output growth in RTW states. Controlling for other factors, it appears RTW is positively associated with rising income per capita as well, and arguably an improved quality of life if migration statistics are any indicator. The long term political equilibrium that has led to little change over time in the adoption of RTW laws could end as pro-RTW forces gain political clout relative to their union opponents.     

从经济学角度透视CPA诚信危机

近几年,注册会计师(CPA)行业造假事件层出不穷,公众对于CPA出具的审计报告是否具有可信性已产生极大的怀疑。针对CPA诚信危机这一现象本文从经济学角度加以剖析。     

The Economic Effects Of The End Of The Cold War

The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact have raised a host of new questions. Will there be a Peace Dividend: more security and more money to spend on other things, or a Peace Penalty: mass unemployment in the arms industry and financial difficulty for many leading high-technology firms? Will there even be Peace at all or will there be instead a new ‘Second World War’ as the old Second World of the Centrally Planned Economies relapses into internecine nationalist conflict? Many of these questions are unanswerable, but this paper reviews what is known about the likely trend in military spending and its economic impact on Western Economies. It examines the strategic context which will determine the size of the reductions in military expenditure; the policy response which will determine how governments adjust their budgetary stance to reduced military outlays; and the macroeconomic and industrial impact of these changes.     

A Brief History of the American Economic Association

The 20^th‐century American economics profession and its leading professional organization—the American Economic Association (AEA)—were privileged and shaped by the federal government's need to direct resources and to call on experts. Bureaucratic tendencies to classify and count had an impact on the discipline's self‐concept, the articulation of subdisciplines, and the establishment of multiple research agendas. They also powerfully framed the strategies for growth and development formulated and deployed by the AEA itself. A consensus of professional opinion and the standardization of curriculums emerged out of the involvement of economists and the AEA with governmental affairs. At the same time, such public engagement was fraught with risks and contradictions—posing challenges and difficulties with which the AEA and the profession would have to contend for decades to come.     

The Economic Sociology of Alfred Marshall:An Overview

A bstract The aim of the paper is to present the economic sociology of Alfred Marshall (1842-1924). Three topics are discussed in the paper: Marshall's ideas of how preferences are generated, the theory of action, and finally the introduction of a fourth factor of production, organization. Throughout the paper Marshall's broad perspective is demonstrated. It is argued that Marshall's approach encourages a closer connection between sociologists interested in economic phenomena and economists. This conclusion is strengthened because of the resemblance of Marshall's analysis to those offered by Max Weber and Thorstein Veblen.     

Is There a Free‐Market Economist in the House? The Policy Views of American Economic Association Members

A bstract .   People often suppose or imply that free-market economists constitute a significant portion of all economists. We surveyed American Economic Association members and asked their views on 18 specific forms of government activism. We find that about 8 percent of AEA members can be considered supporters of free-market principles, and that less than 3 percent may be called strong supporters. The data are broken down by voting behavior (Democratic or Republican). Even the average Republican AEA member is "middle-of-the-road," not free-market. We offer several possible explanations of the apparent difference between actual and attributed views.     

从《功夫熊猫3》看美式英语文化的国内传播动向

美式英语在我国有着良好的受众基础,通过好莱坞电影促进美式英语文化传播,有利于国内受众了解美式思维方式、语言符号和民族文化。在网络信息技术的快速发展下,美式英语文化传播载体也发生了变化,主要是网络新媒体的使用率越来越高、语言信息和特定文化有更强的指向性,并且在媒介融合下加快了两国人民的民族文化交流。     

从知识经济学角度审视现代生态建筑

随着知识经济时代的到来,知识化和信息化展现出对人类社会的发展比以往任何时候都更为重要。本文试从现代生态建筑的发展需要知识经济的支撑来分析对知识经济人类社会的冲击和震撼。     

Conflict — The Engine of Economic Growth

Opponents of the free market have criticised ifs ready espousal of competition between producers and consumers, and between differing interests and expectations. John McEnery, a former civil servant at the Department of trade with responsibility for co-ordinafing negotiation, examines the centralist fallacy which allows socialism to claim that it reduces, even abolishes, conflict.