区块链在我国资本市场领域核心场景应用研究

在分析区块链金融行业应用价值及境外经验的基础上,本文立足我国资本市场发展实际,以问题和需求为导向,思考利用区块链规划构建我国资本市场的核心场景应用,包括面向泛金融资产交易的新型基础设施,及以之为基础的统一债券交易平台、交易所场外交易平台、“云链一体化”新型证券信息服务平台、证券监管数据共享平台等。本文建议:一是由金融监管部门统筹建设国家级区块链泛金融新型交易基础设施;二是鼓励可行性较高的区块链应用场景以概念验证项目先行先试;三是加强区块链金融科技投入和相关人才培养;四是重视区块链交流合作和区块链知识产权。     

Blockchain and other distributed ledger technologies: Where is the accounting?

In a recent survey of academic research, Fintech related topics, broadly classified as crypto-currency studies, were by far the most researched topics in the social sciences. However, we have observed that, perhaps surprisingly, even though crypto-currencies rely on a distributed accounting ledger technology, relatively few of those studies were conducted by accounting academics. While some of the features of a system like Bitcoin do not necessarily rely on a traditional accounting knowledge, this knowledge is key in designing effective real-world distributed systems. Building on a foundational framework developed by Risius and Spohrer (2017), we provide support for their hypothesis that to date, research in this area has been predominantly of a somewhat narrow focus (i.e., based upon exploiting existing programming solutions without adequately considering the fundamental needs of users). This is particularly reflected by the abundance of Bitcoin-like crypto-currency code-bases with little or no place for business applications. We suggest that this may severely limit an appreciation of the relevance and applicability of decentralized systems, and how they may support value creation and improved governance. We provide supporting arguments for this statement by considering four applied classes of problems where a blockchain/distributed ledger can add value without requiring a crypto-currency to be an integral part of the functioning system. We note that each class of problem has been viewed previously as part of accounting issues within the legacy centralized ledger systems paradigm. We show how accounting knowledge is still relevant in the shift from centralized to decentralized ledger systems. We advance the debate on the development of (crypto-currency free) value-creating distributed ledger systems by showing that applying accounting knowledge in this area has potentially a much wider impact than that currently being applied in areas limited to auditing and operations management. We develop a typology for general distributed ledger design which assists potential users to understand the wide range of choices when developing such systems.     

区块链:一种新的征信视角与技术架构

区块链是未来信息技术的一个重要方向,区块链技术和征信系统的结合是全球的研发热点.阐述征信的概念、信息技术在征信业发展过程中的作用以及征信市场的痛点,提出新技术背景下面临的挑战.为使区块链技术与征信更有效地结合,回顾区块链的产生、发展背景,对“初级版本”区块链和普通意义上的区块链进行详细解析,逐步发现区块链对构建一种新的...     

区块链时代破产法的机遇与挑战

区块链与破产法在维系市场主体信用方面相得益彰,区块链能够提升破产程序运转效率,实现破产程序信息披露透明,维护破产结果的公平公正。区块链资产的价值具有较大波动性,判定破产界限存在反复。区块链资产包括数据资产和数据信息两部分,识别破产财产需要区分对待。数字货币承载着价值资产和货币流通的双重角色,破产财产的定性应当审慎选择。     

供应链透明度与企业风险承担

利用2007—2020年我国A股上市企业数据,探究供应链透明度对企业风险承担水平的影响。研究表明：供应链透明度的提升有助于提高企业风险承担水平,特别是对市场地位较低、声誉较差、行业竞争程度较小以及市场化程度较低的企业提升效果更好。机制检验结果显示,供应链透明度通过缓解融资约束、降低代理成本来提高企业风险承担水平。拓展性分析发现,供应链透明度作用下企业风险承担水平提高,会有更多的债务融资、更高的资本支出水平以及更大的并购规模等,最终有利于增加企业价值。鉴于此,中国证监会应完善供应链信息的披露准则,企业应发挥供应链信息的融资和治理效应,投资者应关注企业供应链信息的价值发现功能。     

区块链技术在商业银行的应用研究

当前,区块链作为推动新一轮科技革命和产业变革的重要力量席卷全球。从政策层面看,国家大力发展区块链产业,鼓励企业进行自主创新和创新应用;从技术层面看,区块链技术凭借去中心化、不可篡改等特征可以大幅降低交易成本,给金融交易带来更加安全、便捷的环境。区块链技术的应用天然契合于金融场景,本文着重研究了区块链技术赋能商业银行的路径及其在跨境贸易金融、供应链金融、资产证券化等八大场景中的应用。在对国内外银行应用实践归纳总结的基础上,笔者提出,区块链技术的发展尚处在早期阶段,在金融行业的大规模应用还有待时日,建议商业银行加大对区块链技术的研究,积极探索新一代金融服务模式,提高服务效率,加速商业银行数字化转型。     

浅议供应链资金失衡与供应链金融

供应链资金失衡的直接表现是围绕在核心企业周围的中小企业筹资困难、资金缺乏造成经营困难,影响到整个供应链的稳定和发展,由于整个供应链的资金失衡,核心企业的竞争力和经营发展也将遭受影响。供应链金融是现代金融创新的产物,需要在风险可控的前提下根据供应链内企业的特点精心设计、多方合作、谨慎运作。商业银行等金融机构在以核心企业为中心的供应链中切入金融服务,为供应链中围绕在核心企业周围的上下游配套的中小企业提供流动资金贷款,缓解供应链资金失衡现象,实现银企多方共赢,提高中小企业的综合融资能力。