共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Lee Harvey 《Quality and Quantity》1986,20(2-3):191-217
Reconstructions of ‘Chicago School’ sociology perpetuate certain myths about the nature and style of the sociology carried out at the University of Chicago. These views have been analysed and four elements have been identified. These are that Chicago sociology was reformist in orientation, atheoretical, ethnographic and influenced by the pragmatism of G.H. Mead. These elements of myth are scrutinised in terms of their genesis and substance. 相似文献
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Paul Pecorino 《Journal of Economics & Management Strategy》2013,22(4):875-893
I develop a model in which the voluntary contributions mechanism for the provision of public goods totally breaks down in a large society. A by‐product firm sells a private good and uses its profits to provide a public good. By‐product firms compete with for‐profit firms in a monopolistically competitive industry. If the number of by‐product firms is proportional to the size of the society, then public good provision rises without bound as the society grows large. This stands in strong contrast to the results under the voluntary contributions mechanism. 相似文献
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品牌竞争的经济学分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
封岩 《北京市经济管理干部学院学报》2007,22(2):39-41
从经济学和商业生态的角度看,品牌竞争的实质是厂商实现买方价值需求能力的竞争,是以品牌为主体的商业生态关系的竞争。厂商的品牌竞争策略应该以增强实现买方价值需求的内在能力为基础,关注与上下游厂商以及最终消费者之间商业生态关系的维护和改善。 相似文献
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After the self-criticism of Richard Posner (A failure of capitalism. The crisis of ’08 and the descend to depression. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 2009a and some later papers), a position shared in part by Gary Becker, it is right to ask what exactly remains of the Chicago School, which came into being in the early 1930s with Knight and made a name for itself in the 1980s as the new orthodoxy with Lucas (Reh) and Fama (Emh). The financial crisis has, in this sense, cast the debate between the Saltwater school (the American universities on the coast) and the Freshwater school (the universities near the Great Lakes, including Chicago) in a new light. This article traces the development of the Chicago School, the consolidation of conservative think-tanks (especially the Mont Pelerin Society whose members have included, among others, von Hayek and Friedman) and the more recent positions of the School, including some that are less organic (Diamond, Kashyap, Rajan, Zingales). At the centre of the debate is the question of the failures of the State vs the failures of the market and the role of institutions. On a methodological level the relationship between law and economics (L&E) is also in discussion, which leads to an interesting comparison between Chicago (again Posner, past and present) and Yale (Calabresi). After having described the echoes of the debate across the Atlantic (with particular reference to Italy), it will be asked if the anomalies that can be found in the consolidated paradigm (Reh, Emh, but also L&E) will lead to the abandonment of pre-constituted models in favour of a less rigid theoretical framework (Ike together with Keynes and the Chicagoan Knight, but also to a certain extent, von Hayek) or simply a pause for reflection. 相似文献
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Chris R Tame 《Economic Affairs》1983,4(1):55-57
The influential Chicago School of Professors Milton Friedman, George Stigler, Ronald Coase, Gary Becker and others largely grew out of the work of Henry Simons in the 1930s. Chris Tame, Secretary of the Libertarian Alliance and a graduate in American Studies, examines the origins of Chicago economics and shows their importance for the 1980s. 相似文献
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Roland Vaubel 《Economic Affairs》1989,10(1):28-30
How can governments and civil servants be controlled? Professor Roland Vaubel, of the University of Mannheim, explains how competition between nations improves economic policy. 相似文献
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文章通过对我国中学生运动会的发展历史、全国中学生运动会的特点、我国中学体育运动会面临的问题等情况的分析与研究,为中运会提出一定的改革措施。 相似文献
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We investigate the role of price advertising in a market where consumers are imperfectly informed about prices. We consider a monopolist whose demand depends on price and advertising expenditure. This demand function is derived from optimizing behavior of consumers. Uninformed consumers may pay a cost to visit the seller and obtain price information. Advertising enables the monopolist to increase the number of informed consumers. In equilibrium the uninformed consumers form rational price expectations, and the seller necessarily adopts a random pricing and advertising strategy. 相似文献
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A bstract . AS the contradictory evidence gathered by other social scientists has continued to accumulate, two new twists have been added to the methodology of neoclassical economics. From Milton Friedman's positivism came the twist that "unrealistic" assumptions can be ignored, prediction is all that really matters. From the Austrian School's subjectivism came the twist that since economic theory is the a priori logic of subjective individual choice, the theory cannot be tested in the scientific sense at all. Neither qualitative historical evidence nor quantitative prediction can yield a scientific test of theory. At least Friedman's positivism allows for predictive testing, even though decisive tests are seldom found in social science. But Austrian subjectivism insulates economic theory completely from scientific testing. Neither methodology is conducive to scientific progress. 相似文献
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This article unifies and extends ideas from nonparametric production analysis and DEA for testing organizational efficiency. We show how the admissible price set can be restricted to account for prior information on prices. These restrictions may relate prices to input and output quantities in order to test noncompetitive behavior of the evaluated decision making unit. While the resulting efficiency tests cannot always be cast into linear programming problems, we discuss various solution strategies for the tests. Thereby we consider the question when does local optimality of the result guarantee global optimality. We also show how the decision maker's preferences, for example ranking information, can be adopted into DEA models in a simple manner. Finally, the approach with price restrictions is illustrated with an application to test noncompetitive behavior of the pulp and paper industries in Finland. 相似文献
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金融发展与经济增长的非线性关联研究——基于门限模型的实证检验 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文对Odedokun(1996)的理论模型进行了扩展,并利用多元门限模型对我国金融发展与经济增长之间的非线性关联进行了考察。实证结果表明金融发展和经济增长之间呈现出显著的非线性关联,这就否定了通常将两者关系设定为线性的研究模式。进一步的分析表明单纯在总量关系上讨论我国金融发展和经济增长关联性的意义并不明显,这启示我们在日后的研究中应该更加重视金融发展作用于经济增长的途径和机制问题。 相似文献
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文章通过定量与定性相结合的研究方法,对中国物流业如何在继承传统、发扬优势的基础上,建立适应经济全球化与竞争国际化的物流人才战略,进行了系统性的研究,得出了我国物流业应建立分类、分层的符合中国物流业发展趋势和适应经济全球化和竞争国际化的物流人才培养与建设体制的结论。 相似文献
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Shawna Grosskopf Kathy J. Hayes Lori L. Taylor William L. Weber 《Journal of urban economics》2001,49(3):453
A number of researchers have asserted that inefficiency in the U.S. school system arises from a lack of incentives for public schools to behave efficiently. This paper uses a Shephard input distance function to model educational production, and a switching-regressions estimation to explore the relationship between school district efficiency and two existing incentive mechanisms—competition and voter monitoring. We find evidence that ease of monitoring enhances both technical and allocative efficiency of urban school districts, and that increased competition reduces allocative inefficiency in communities above a competitive threshold. We find no evidence that competition is related to technical inefficiency. 相似文献
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广东省公路建设公司计生求真QC小组 《中国质量》2004,(3):75-77
质量竞争战略是在新经济背景下,从质量的角度来阐述企业发展的新思路,新选择.本文通过对质量的经济学内涵的解析,在对传统企业竞争战略的回溯与思考中,演绎了质量竞争战略及其策略的发生机制. 相似文献