我国贸易条件恶化与贫困化增长

本文首先测算了我国的年度贸易条件,并使用贸易条件调整的实际国内生产总值作为指标,研究了我国国际购买力的变动情况,进而得出我国国民财富的的总体状况。随后使用居民实际人均消费支出作为经济福利的指标,运用显示偏好弱公理分析了国民经济福利的变动情况,并通过与实际国内生产总值变化率的对比,判定了我国经济是否存在贫困化增长。研究结果表明,尽管贸易条件不断恶化,迄今为止我国经济并没有出现贫困化增长。     

基于生产要素对经济增长影响的实证分析——以江苏省为例

基于江苏省1990—2009年的相关数据和的C-D生产函数,建立计量经济学模型。运用回归法测算江苏省经济增长的资本产出弹性和劳动产出弹性,并在此基础上对江苏省生产要素的贡献率进行实证分析,找出目前江苏省经济增长的重要因素和制约条件,据此提出促进江苏省经济发展的建议。     

The Influence of Entrepreneurial Risk Assessment on Venture Launch or Growth Decisions

Entrepreneurs are thought to engage in riskier behavior than nonentrepreneurs, yet little empirical evidence supports that intuitively appealing notion. We argue instead that differences in information, not risk aversion, may explain the decision to launch or grow a venture. We separately test risk taking propensity and risk assessment. We hypothesize that entrepreneurs will not differ from nonentrepreneurs on risk taking propensity. Additionally, we propose and test a model of risk assessment. The sample size for this exploratory study is n=53 with 30 respondents declaring themselves as entrepreneurs and 23 declaring themselves as nonentrepreneurs. The study’s design is a simulation. Each respondent is provided with data on a potential acquisition that would result in either the launch of a new venture or significant growth for an existing firm. Consistent with the hypotheses, the results show no difference between entrepreneurs and nonentrepreneurs on the risk taking measure. We also find that we can predict entrepreneurial behavior based on risk assessment. We close with a discussion of limitations and directions for future research.     

Corporate Psychopaths,Bullying and Unfair Supervision in the Workplace

This article reports on empirical research that establishes strong, positive, and significant correlations between the ethical issues of bullying and unfair supervision in the workplace and the presence of Corporate Psychopaths. The main measure for bullying is identified as being the witnessing of the unfavorable treatment of others at work. Unfair supervision was measured by perceptions that an employee’s supervisor was unfair and showed little interest in the feelings of subordinates. This article discusses the theoretical links between psychopathy and bullying and notes that little empirical evidence confirms the connection in management research. The sample of 346 Australian senior white collar workers used in the research is described as is the measure of behavior for identifying psychopaths. The findings are then presented and discussed showing that when Corporate Psychopaths are present in a work environment, the level of bullying is significantly greater than when they are not present. Further, that when Corporate Psychopaths are present, supervisors are strongly perceived as being unfair to employees and disinterested in their feelings. This article concludes that around 26% of bullying is accounted for by 1% of the employee population, those who are Corporate Psychopaths.     

Entrepreneurship,Agglomeration and Technological Change

A growing body of literature suggests that variations across countries, in entrepreneurial activity and the spatial structure of economies could potentially be the source of different efficiencies in knowledge spillovers, and ultimately in economic growth. We develop an empirical model that endogenizes both entrepreneurial activity and agglomeration effects on knowledge spillovers within a Romerian framework. The model is tested using the GEM cross-national data to measure the level of entrepreneurship in each particular economy. We find that after controlling for the stock of knowledge and research and development expenditures, both entrepreneurial activity and agglomeration have a positive and statistically significant effect on technological change in the European Union. JEL CLASSIFICATION: O3, R1, J24, M13     

Measuring the value of mobile telecommunications networks

Fuentelsaz, Garrido and Maicas (2015) propose an “improved” measure of network value for the mobile telecommunications industry. Unfortunately, their measure has multiple issues. For one, it is biased against networks that are small and/or active in small markets. Also, it cannot adequately take into account intertemporal changes in mobile operators’ price discrimination behaviour. Finally, where the functional form of the network effects is concerned, Fuentelsaz et al. invoke Zipf’s law without providing any empirical justification. This paper suggests an alternative for Fuentelsaz et al.’s measure and exploits as yet unused data on on-net discounts to apply it to the cases of Germany and Belgium. It is shown that the alternative measure does not suffer from the same weaknesses as Fuentelsaz et al.’s measure – bar the final one. The paper therefore screens the literature on other network industries in search of an empirical foundation for the network externality assumption. However, the paper finds that the broader literature is also still struggling with this issue.     

Strategic orientations of born globals—Do they really matter?

This paper contributes to the literature on born globals by introducing the concept of strategic orientations into this domain. Only few empirical studies have investigated them in this context. The study extends the existing knowledge on born globals and responds to complaints about lacking empirical research in this as yet infant field. The literature on strategic orientations and born globals was used as a basis for drawing up the hypotheses, which were tested with data from 299 Finnish companies representing several different industrial sectors. The findings indicate that strategic orientations are related to a firm's international performance. This relationship is moderated by its international growth strategy.     

The Link Between Corporate Social and Financial Performance: Evidence from the Banking Industry

The purpose of this investigation is to extend earlier research on the relationship between corporate social and financial performance. The unique contribution of the study is the empirical analysis of a sample of companies from the banking industry and the use of Community Reinvestment Act ratings as a social performance measure. The empirical analysis solidly supports the hypothesis that the link between social and financial performance is positive.     

Measurement of innovation activities in the knowledge-intensive services industry: a trademark approach

Innovation measurement in the knowledge-intensive services (KIS) industry is very complex, due to a lack of adequate innovation indicators. A rather new empirical approach involves the analysis of trademarks for the measurement. This paper aims to explore the use and relevance of trademarks for service firms. Data from the German section of the ‘Community Innovation Survey’ are used, and a survey with 278 participating firms is conducted. The results of the two independent empirical studies demonstrate that a trademark can be used as an innovation indicator, at least for knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) and product innovations. The results also illustrate which firm-inside and environmental features explain the use of trademarks as an intellectual property protection measure.     

The Cross-Cultural Evolution of the Subordinate Influence Ethics Measure

The purpose of our article is to describe the initial development process of the subordinate influence ethics (SIE) measure, an instrument that was cross- culturally conceived, designed, and validity tested to measure upward influence ethics strategies of professional subordinates across different societies, as well as within a single society. Development of the SIE began by defining the SIE constructs through theoretical review and empirical (nominal group technique) assessments in Germany, France, Hong Kong, and the U.S. In the present measurement development phase, the SIE has been found to consist of three distinct dimensions: pro-organizational behaviors, self-serving behaviors, and maliciously intended behaviors. The construct validity of the SIE was examined across 4113 subjects from 30 countries. A reduced model of the SIE was developed empirically to represent the “best model” for the three-factor scale.     

新经济增长理论

新经济增长理论在一定程度上解释了以中国为代表的东亚经济高速增长现象,其面临的最大问题就是如何进行实证分析.目前.这种实证分析主要沿着两条路线进行:一条是进行国别间的研究,寻找内生增长的证据,另一条是利用一国的长时段数据,进行一国的经济增长研究.从实证分析来看,目前还有一些问题没有解决,但是在估计方法,变量调整,数据调整,定性因素的量化等方面取得了一些成绩.从未来发展趋势看,新经济增长理论将沿着两个方向进行:一方面是沿着非线性动态模型路线进行,以更为复杂的数学模型来模拟现实经济世界,另一方面是用计量经济学手段,进行实证检验研究.     

SME growth in the service sector: A taxonomy combining life-cycle and resource-based theories

The approach to the life-cycle theory has been used as an analytical tool of the firms' growth. Several researchers argue that organisations move across several development stages where different problems are found resulting from different management styles and priorities, and resources. This research aims to develop an empirical taxonomy of small medium enterprise (SME) growth in the service sector based on life-cycle and resource-based theories. The data were submitted to bivariate and multivariate analyses to develop and test an empirical life-cycle model. It was possible to conclude that the firms could be clustered in three life-cycle stages. Some implications and future researches are addressed.     

Consumer service and loyalty in Spanish grocery store retailing: an empirical study

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of consumer service on loyalty in retail establishments. Based on a theoretical discussion regarding the relationship between waiting time, product quality, store atmosphere and loyalty, an empirical research was conducted to test the proposed relationships. Multiple‐item indicators from previous studies were used to measure the constructs. Results from the study provide empirical support, suggesting that consumer service through three dimensions influences loyalty. Research results suggest that consumer service in retail establishments can be viewed as a threshold factor in order to maintain satisfied and loyal customers. Additionally, managers should consider that loyalty depends on waiting time, product quality and store atmosphere. The present study provides useful information on the relationship between consumer service and loyalty in retailing.     

Trade openness,foreign direct investment,and finance-growth nexus in the Eurozone countries

The paper investigates causal relationships between trade openness, foreign direct investment, financial development, and economic growth in 19 Eurozone countries over the period 1988–2013. Using a panel vector error-correction model (VECM), the empirical results show that these variables are cointegrated. The study shows that a combination of opening the Eurozone countries for trade and fostering their financial and economic development have elevated inflows of foreign direct investment into the region in the long run. At the same time, increasing inflows of foreign direct investment in the short run have propelled economic growth, which in return has strengthened the role of financial development and international trade to sustain economic growth in the region through feedback effects. The empirical results have important policy implications for countries in the Eurozone, especially those who face challenges as a result of lack of confidence in their financial system and those who face a sovereign debt crisis.     

GROWTH OF INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES AND TRADE OPENNESS

Previous studies have generally found evidence that countries with open trade systems have grown more rapidly than those that followed a protectionist path. There has been some evidence, however, that openness and growth have not been directly linked. The strength of this linkage was re-tested, controlling for some of the possible confounding factors involved in previous studies. The analysis was restricted to industrialized nations rather than including both industrialized and developing countries. Further, an empirically derived measure of openness was used rather than average tariff rates, or weighted tariff rates, or coverage by non-tariff barriers. The empirical measure was based on actual import levels, controlling for wealth, population size, and customs area membership, thus providing a relative measure of openness with more precision. The ensuing analyses indicated that for the industrialized countries, the linkage between trade openness and growth was weak and inconsistent, although there was no evidence that open trading systems hindered growth.     

BRIC and the U.S. financial crisis: An empirical investigation of stock and bond markets

We examine empirical evidence of the behavior of stocks and bonds from BRIC nations by using daily data from January 2003 to July 2010. We present unconditional and conditional empirical results depending upon a simple measure of U.S. financial stress. In the long term, BRIC bond markets deviate much more from the U.S. financial stress measure than the BRIC bonds and stocks that deviate among themselves. Stock and bond return correlations for Brazil and Russia are significantly large and negative. The own correlations are more important in determining the evolution of the conditional correlations relative to unexpected news. Dynamic conditional correlations between stock returns, bond returns and U.S. financial stress increase after the Lehman Brothers' event in September 2008, except for the bond returns in India.     

Consumer cosmopolitanism: Review and replication of the CYMYC scale

Extant marketing literature mainly focuses on explaining why consumers might prefer domestic products and refrain from buying foreign products but, however, is weak in explaining why consumers might intentionally opt for foreign products. Against this background, consumer cosmopolitanism has gained increasing attention as a potentially relevant consumer characteristic for explaining foreign product preference and choice. However, empirical evidence on the impact of consumer cosmopolitanism on consumption behavior remains scarce. This paper identifies the absence of an appropriate measurement instrument as a main reason for this lack of empirical studies by providing (a) a review of cosmopolitanism scales used in other research fields, and (b) a replication with extensions study of the CYMYC scale, the only consumer cosmopolitanism scale currently available. The findings highlight a need for a new scale to measure the consumer cosmopolitanism construct. To stimulate further research in this direction, the paper proposes a conceptual definition of consumer cosmopolitanism along with a nomological network to guide the scale development process.     

服务贸易与中国经济增长影响机制实证研究

本文旨在就服务贸易与经济增长的影响机制进行实证研究。中国改革开放以来的经验数据,证实了服务贸易通过增加人均资本、加快制度变革进程对人均产出产生正面影响。但是,服务贸易进口与出口的经济增长效应相互不平衡,并且总体上落后于货物贸易。而实证检验中所发现的人力资本、技术进步功能的偏离,为完善中国服务贸易发展机制提供了理论依据。     

A composite measure of performance–expectation and performance-only measures

Performance–expectation measures and performance-only measures of service quality have been widely used in the literature. However, either of the two measures is not sufficient to explain customers’ evaluation of service quality and satisfaction. Their assumptions are too restrictive to explain the evaluation processes. From an analytic perspective, this paper derives a composite measure integrating both measures for service quality. The previous measures are nested in the composite measure. Due to this feature, the composite measure is more flexible than the previous measures. It can account for conflicting theories and empirical findings supporting each of the two measures. Furthermore, the composite measure allows us to interpret the link between service quality and customer satisfaction more intuitively.