变革型领导风格与员工离职倾向:组织认同的中介作用

员工的离职率过高会对企业产生很多负面影响,因此研究员工离职倾向的前因变量对于企业管理来说是很有必要的。影响员工离职倾向的因素有很多,本文主要论证了变革型领导风格对员工离职倾向的影响作用。通过文献研究表明,变革型领导风格有助于产生高的组织认同,而高的组织认同能够降低员工的离职倾向。     

变革型领导风格与员工离职倾向：组织认同的中介作用

员工的离职率过高会对企业产生很多负面影响,因此研究员工离职倾向的前因变量对于企业管理来说是很有必要的。影响员工离职倾向的因素有很多,本文主要论证了变革型领导风格对员工离职倾向的影响作用。通过文献研究表明,变革型领导风格有助于产生高的组织认同,而高的组织认同能够降低员工的离职倾向。     

物流企业员工离职行为研究

本研究探讨物流企业员工离职倾向的影响。对国内外离职研究文献进行总结,提出了影响员工离职行为的理论模型。在模型的基础上,为物流企业控制员工离职提出了人力资源管理的建议。     

员工离职倾向影响因素研究进展

员工离职研究是组织行为学中一个重要的研究领域,研究表明,离职倾向是离职行为的直接前因变量,通过考察影响员工离职倾向的因素,能够很好地预测员工的离职行为。本文对员工离职倾向的影响因素的研究进展进行了综合分析,在诸多的研究成果中,影响员工离职倾向主要因素有员工个人因素、组织因素、环境因素。     

同事非伦理行为对员工离职倾向的影响：一个有调节的中介模型

文章从伦理道德视角出发,通过研究之前学者所忽视的同事非伦理行为对员工离职倾向的影响,丰富了员工离职倾向的前因研究。基于社会比较理论,本文探究员工分配公平感在同事非伦理行为影响员工离职倾向过程中的中介作用,并考察员工自身非伦理行为对以上关系的调节作用。通过对271名企业员工开展两轮配对问卷调查,统计分析结果表明：（1）员工分配感在同事非伦理行为与员工离职倾向之间起完全中介作用;（2）员工非伦理行为显著调节了同事非伦理行为与员工分配公平感之间的关系;（3）员工非伦理行为显著调节了分配公平感在同事非伦理行为与员工离职倾向之间的中介作用。     

组织公民行为对员工离职倾向的影响研究

随着经济的快速进步及就业机会的不断增加,组织中员工的离职跳槽行为也随之不断增多,分析员工离职倾向对组织留住关键人才至关重要。组织公民行为作为员工自主承担组织内非正式职责的一种角色外行为对员工的满意度将产生重要影响,而员工工作满意度又会影响到员工的离职倾向。所以本文从组织公民行为角度出发,以工作满意度为前因变量,分析其对员工离职倾向的影响,并为企业从新的角度留住员工提出有效的管理策略,以降低员工的离职率,提高企业绩效。     

基于知识型员工特点的离职倾向因素分析

知识经济时代,知识型员工逐渐成为企业核心,其离职问题的研究也成为企业关注的焦点。本文结合知识型员工的特点,以离职倾向理论为依据,对影响知识型员工离职倾向的因素进行了系统分析,总结了外部环境、组织和个体三方面因素对离职倾向的影响。     

新员工主动离职分析及对策研究

结合新员工组织社会化原理,从新员工组织社会化的预期、磨合和转化阶段入手分析得出新员工主动离职的原因所在,即由于期望落差的存在使得新员工产生离职倾向,新员工和企业在此后并没有采取相应的措施和行为进行调整,促使新员工将离职倾向实现为最终主动离职的行为。并从抑制离职倾向的产生和减少新员工主动离职实际行动的实现两方面入手,把握新员工组织社会化三大主体即企业、个人和以学校为代表的其他社会主体,提出具体对策和措施。     

工作满意对员工离职倾向的影响及管理学启示

员工离职问题一直是现代企业管理的重要课题,员工主动离职对企业持续发展具有巨大的损害,影响员工离职倾向的因素较多,工作满意是已经得到验证的一个主要前定变量。工作满意包含了工作压力、工作自主性、工作环境、职业成长度、领导支持、回报公平性、分配公平性等多个维度,因此企业管理者在管理实践中至少可以从工作机制、薪酬机制和沟通机制三方面入手,提高员工工作满意度,降低员工离职倾向。     

领导风格、员工关系和员工离职意愿作用机理研究

本文以中国本土企业2005名员工为样本,研究中国情境下领导风格对员工离职意愿的作用机理,尤其探讨了员工关系在其中的中介效应。研究结果显示:领导风格对员工离职意愿有不同程度的影响,领导的仁慈品格及其个人魅力对员工的去留有显著影响;员工关系在领导风格与离职意愿之间具有部分中介效果,员工关系对企业员工离职意愿的改善有显著影响。     

Opinion leadership vs. para-social relationship: Key factors in influencer marketing

The literature on influencer marketing has identified opinion leadership of influencers and parasocial relationship with influencers as two focal constructs affecting followers' purchase intention; yet they are only studied in isolation. This research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effects of the two key constructs by combining and comparing them in a model with the moderators of post characteristics, namely post type and correspondent inference. Empirical results from 409 online followers of two Instagram accounts confirm the complementary effects of opinion leadership and parasocial relationship in influencer marketing and reveal the more prominent role of parasocial relationship over opinion leadership in affecting followers’ purchase intention. These effects are moderated by post characteristics. Storytelling posts intensify both effects. Correspondent inference enhances the effect of parasocial relationship, but not that of opinion leadership. These findings point to the importance of the social aspect of influencer marketing and inform the influencer marketing research and practice on “who says what” for improving communication effectiveness.     

Carrot or Stick? The Role of In-Group/Out-Group on the Multilevel Relationship Between Authoritarian and Differential Leadership and Employee Turnover Intention

The aim of this study is to develop an integrative model linking the effect of authoritarian leadership (at the individual level) and differential leadership (at the team level) on employee turnover intention, and further explore the moderating role of the in-group/out-group on the above-mentioned relationships. We collected a sample of 624 supervisor–subordinate dyads from 87 teams in Mainland China and Taiwan. We find that, at the individual level, authoritarian leadership is positively related with employee turnover intention, and the relationship will be enhanced especially when the subordinate is an in-group member (rather than an out-group member). Through hierarchical linear modeling analysis, we find a negative relationship between differential leadership and employee turnover intention, significantly moderated by the within-team mean degree and the within-team variance degree of in-group/out-group. Contributions, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.     

Symmetric and asymmetric leadership cultures: A comparative study of leadership and organizational culture at Hyundai and Toyota

This study compares national cultures, leadership strategies, and work environments in two successful global automobile companies, Hyundai Motor Group and Toyota Motor Corporation. Despite competing head-on in the same market, it was found that these companies use very different leadership strategies as a basis for both global competition and local operations. Based on the results of a comparative case study, structured interviews, and related media and empirical data, it was found that Toyota competes both strategically and managerially by emphasizing planning and work systems to mitigate the impact of any turbulence in the external environment (stability is key), while Hyundai competes by accepting environmental uncertainty and risk as a part of normal daily operations (flexibility is key). We refer to these approaches as symmetric and asymmetric leadership and organizational cultures. As a result of these differences, Hyundai is able to change course more quickly than its larger competitor as new opportunities and technologies emerge. While national cultures played a role in differentiating between the two firms, leadership differences had a more pronounced effect on organizational behaviors and subsequent performance. Results are consistent with previous research and reinforce the conclusion that top management leaders’ behavior can have a significant influence on emergent organizational cultures and performance.     

The Relationship of Downward Mobbing with Leadership Style and Organizational Attitudes

The present study investigates (1) the relationship of different leadership styles (transactional, transformational, authoritarian, paternalistic) with mobbing behaviors of superiors (i.e., downward mobbing) and (2) organizational attitudes (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention) of mobbing victims. Data were collected from 251 white-collar employees. Path analysis findings showed that transformational and transactional leadership decreased the likelihood of mobbing, whereas authoritarian leadership increased it. Paternalistic leadership was mildly and negatively associated with mobbing. Regarding the consequences of mobbing for employees’ organizational attitudes, the same analyses suggested that higher perceptions of downward mobbing was significantly associated with lower job satisfaction, lower affective commitment, higher continuous commitment, and higher turnover intention.     

Entrepreneurship as a twenty-first century skill: entrepreneurial alertness and intention in the transition to adulthood

Given the importance of entrepreneurial thinking and acting as a meta-skill in the future world of work, we focus on the emerging entrepreneurial mind-set in the transition to adulthood. We study the role of personality characteristics and age-appropriate entrepreneurial competencies (leadership, self-esteem, creativity, and proactivity motivation) in the prediction of entrepreneurial alertness and career intention. Using two-wave longitudinal data from high schools in Helsinki, Finland (N = 523), we tested a mediation model with competencies as mediators between personality and entrepreneurial alertness and intention. The findings suggest that entrepreneurial alertness and career intention (a) are rather independent career development constructs of the emerging entrepreneurial mind-set, (b) are both an expression of an entrepreneurial personality structure, and (c) are predicted by different underlying competencies: leadership and self-esteem mediated the personality—entrepreneurial intention link, and leadership, creativity, and proactivity motivation the personality—entrepreneurial alertness link. Consistent with the balanced skill approach to entrepreneurship, the intraindividual variety of these competencies was also a valid mediator; it did not show incremental predictive power though. Implications for research and practice are discussed.     

The role of cultural values in green purchasing intention: Empirical evidence from Chinese consumers

Environmental problems, especially in the case of water and air pollution, are the harmful result of the overconsumption of fossil fuels as well as various forms of industrial sewage water discharge. Recently, growing environmentally friendly purchasing behaviour of consumers has become regarded as an effective method for alleviating such environmental problems. Due to concerns regarding the natural environment, consumers have increasingly begun to exhibit favourable attitudes towards environmentally friendly products, and as a result, are more likely to purchase “green” products. However, green purchasing behaviour of consumers varies across different nations and cultures. This study aims to reveal how Chinese cultural values (specifically, the Doctrine of the Mean) influence green purchasing intention of Chinese consumers. As the lifestyles of consumers will be deeply affected by their cultural values, this study examines the mediating effects of the four dimensions of Chinese lifestyle have on consumers. At the same time, environmental knowledge is considered as a moderating variable in order to investigate the relationship between the Doctrine of the Mean and green purchasing intention. The study’s data were collected from Chinese consumers. Empirical results reveal that such Chinese cultural values are positively associated with green purchasing intention, and that three dimensions of consumer lifestyle (namely leadership, cost consciousness and development consciousness), are all found to play mediating roles in the relationship between the Doctrine of the Mean and green purchasing intention in Chinese consumers. The moderating effects of environmental knowledge are exhibited in the influence of leadership as well as development consciousness on green purchasing intention. The study’s findings have theoretical implications for understanding green purchasing intention as well as behaviour of Chinese consumers further. The study’s findings also present practical implications for how to promote green purchasing intention in Chinese consumers better.     

A Scale to Assess Ethical Leadership of Indian Private and Public Sector Managers

Three hundred forty middle-level managers from two private and two public sector manufacturing companies in India rated their superiors on 22 items of ethical leadership. Factor analysis of the scores on such items yielded two dimensions of ethical leadership: (a) empowerment, and (b) motive and character. Items of the scale had high reliability, validity, and discriminative power. On two dimensions of ethical leadership, the superiors self-rated themselves more favorably than their subordinates rated them. This justified the proposal to consider the subordinates' ratings to their superiors in assessing ethical leadership. Subordinates perceived their superiors more ethical in private sector than in public sector. Subordinates' manipulative behavior, and cheating in performance and misuse of finance were less frequent in the presence of ethical superiors. Also, ethical superiors enhanced the job performance, job involvement and affective commitment of their subordinates but not their continuance commitment.     

An investigation into the link between service quality dimensionality and positive word-of-mouth intention in Mainland China

The purpose of current study is to investigate the relationship between SERVQUAL dimensions and positive word-of-mouth intention in a Chinese context. A survey was carried out with a sample of 241 customers of China Mobile, the biggest telecommunications company in China. A structural equation model was created. It was found that Reliability and Assurance encouraged more positive word-of-mouth intention, while Tangibles, Responsiveness, and Empathy did not have a significant effect on word-of-mouth intention. In addition, age was negatively correlated to positive word-of-mouth intention. These findings have useful implications to international service companies, particularly those operating in a Chinese environment, by identifying factors that are salient for the generation of positive word-of-mouth.     

The Influence of CSR and Ethical Self-Identity in Consumer Evaluation of Cobrands

In a multi-source study, we examine how frequent change interacts with ethical leadership to reduce turnover intentions. We argue that ethical leaders enhance employees’ state self-esteem, which explains the moderating effect of ethical leadership. Results from 124 employee-coworker-supervisor triads revealed that ethical leadership moderated the relationship between frequent change and turnover intention such that the relationship was positive only when ethical leadership was low. The moderating relationship could be shown to be mediated by employees’ state self-esteem.     

中外零售企业中国市场的跨区域扩张——基于58家连锁企业店铺布局的比较研究

本文应用35个中国跨区域经营的零售企业和23个在中国市场跨区域经营的跨国零售企业店铺布局的调查数据对中外零售企业在中国市场的跨区域扩张战略进行了比较研究.研究结论表明,中外零售企业都选择了大型超市和超市作为跨区域扩张的主导业态,而本土企业的业态组合更加复杂;本土企业的市场覆盖率高于跨国企业,但其店铺网络呈现出"广泛覆盖,局部密集"的特征;跨国企业在跨区域扩张过程中的战略布局意图比本土企业更为明显.