资源柔性对企业多元化倾向的影响研究

从资源柔性的角度分析企业多元化选择的倾向,并分析内部治理机制的调节作用。分析结果表明,资源柔性会通过刺激不同多元化动机的产生,同时提高企业相关多元化和无关多元化倾向。CEO持股与股权集中度分别正向调节资源柔性与相关多元化倾向的关系,负向调节资源柔性与无关多元化倾向的关系。这反映出资源柔性与内部治理机制对企业多元化战略选择的复杂影响。     

技术特性与企业技术创新模式选择

为了应对日趋激烈的市场竞争,企业纷纷加大研发投入进行技术创新,以获取或维持竞争优势。而企业技术创新模式的选择作为企业重要的战略决策,对于技术创新的成败有重要影响。企业技术创新模式选择受多种因素的制约,基于此,本文从技术特性和创新模式的分类出发,分析了不同技术特性对企业创新模式选择的不同影响机理,指出对应于不同程度的技术复杂性、技术不确定性以及技术隐含性,企业创新模式的选择会有所差异。此外,本文通过理论分析,提出了相关的命题假设,构建了概念模型,认为技术复杂程度越高,企业采用合作创新的倾向越明显,而模仿创新和自主创新的可能性越小;技术隐含性越高,企业采用合作创新或自主创新的倾向越明显,而模仿创下了的倾向越低;技术不确定性越高,企业越倾向于选择合作创新。     

合作研发的影响因素——来自中国企业的经验研究

本文重点检验了技术溢出、研发目标对合作研发的影响。研究发现：合作研发与输入溢出具有显著的正相关关系;就输出溢出而言,水平溢出会抑制企业问的合作（包括水平合作和垂直合作）,而垂直溢出却会促进企业间的垂直合作,且这种积极作用不会受到水平溢出的影响;研发目标对企业问合作研发模式选择也具有显著影响,当企业旨在提高研发成果的成功率和利用率时,更倾向于选择垂直合作;当企业进行重大技术开发或重大创新时,更倾向于选择水平合作。     

人力资本与高新技术企业治理

人力资本是高新技术企业的关键要素,它具有专用性与团队性的特征,并承担了企业部分经营风险,物质资本与人力资本的关系为一种合作关系.适应人力资本与高新技术企业契约特性,高新技术企业从治理目标,内部权利配置以及对人力资本的激励等治理机制等有别于传统企业.     

供应链合作关系调节效应研究

由于具有不同的资源基础、组织经验和市场地位,成熟企业和新创企业在供应链合作中往往表现出不同的专用性投资行为。基于交易费用理论、资源依赖理论和风险管理理论,研究了合作与专用性投资之间关系的调节变量。将314家供应商分为成熟企业和新创企业进行实证研究,发现信任和依赖对合作与专用性投资之间的关系具有调节作用,但在成熟企业和新创企业中的调节作用不同。其中,信任在成熟企业中的调节作用为正向,在新创企业中为负向;依赖在成熟企业中的调节作用不显著,在新创企业中为正向。     

供应链合作关系调节效应研究——基于成熟企业与新创企业的对比

由于具有不同的资源基础、组织经验和市场地位,成熟企业和新创企业在供应链合作中往往表现出不同的专用性投资行为.基于交易费用理论、资源依赖理论和风险管理理论,研究了合作与专用性投资之间关系的调节变量.将314家供应商分为成熟企业和新创企业进行实证研究,发现信任和依赖对合作与专用性投资之间的关系具有调节作用,但在成熟企业和新创企业中的调节作用不同.其中,信任在成熟企业中的调节作用为正向,在新创企业中为负向;依赖在成熟企业中的调节作用不显著,在新创企业中为正向.     

不同动机下联盟能力、治理机制与联盟绩效关系的比较

本文通过对深圳300名企业高层管理人员的问卷调查,利用结构方程模型,从实证的角度,对比研究了在非学习型资源获取动机和学习型资源获取动机下,联盟能力、治理机制选择和联盟绩效的相互影响。研究结果表明,在以获取非学习型资源为动机的联盟中,联盟企业构建合作规则的能力越强,其越倾向于强化正式治理机制的作用,而弱化关系治理机制;企业发展和维护关系的能力越强,其倾向于同时加强联盟中正式治理机制和关系治理机制。同时,联盟中正式治理机制和关系治理机制对联盟绩效都具有积极的促进作用,但正式治理机制更有利于个体绩效的实现,而关系治理机制则对整体绩效的作用更大。在以获取学习型资源为动机的战略联盟中,联盟企业构建合作规则的能力越强,其越倾向于同时强化正式治理和关系治理机制在联盟中的作用;企业发展和维护关系的能力越强,其倾向于强化关系治理机制在联盟治理中的作用,而弱化正式治理机制的作用。与非学习型资源获取动机下的联盟类似,联盟中正式治理机制和关系治理机制对联盟绩效都具有积极的促进作用。但不同的是,正式治理机制更有利于整体绩效的实现,而关系治理机制则对个体绩效的促进作用更大。处于联盟中的企业应该注意不同联盟动机下联盟能力、治理机制与联盟绩效关系对联盟管理实践的影响。     

知识来源和创新联系的地理分布对创新绩效的影响研究

文章基于空间分布的视角,以北京地区汽车零部件、软件和生物产业的456家企业为例,研究了外部知识来源和创新联系的地理分布对不同水平创新绩效的影响以及内部研发投资的调节作用。结果表明,企业国际化的知识来源与突破性创新之间存在倒U形关系。企业进行研发采购时倾向于选择地理范围较远的伙伴,而且国际研发采购确实能增加企业产生突破性创新的可能性;企业开展研发合作时倾向于选择地理范围较近的伙伴,但无论与何种地理分布的伙伴合作均未能增加企业产生突破性创新的可能性。企业的内部研发投资会抑制国际研发采购、国际研发合作和区域内研发合作对突破性创新的影响。     

自主创新还是引进创新？

创新已成为企业参与市场竞争、获取创新绩效的关键。基于资源来源差异,创新可分为自主创新和引进创新两种。诸多研究探讨了自主创新对企业绩效的正向影响,但自主创新并非适合所有企业,当前缺乏对企业创新模式转换的研究。对177家中国企业数据进行了实证研究,结果发现相比于引进创新,自主创新对企业绩效的正向作用更显著;而当企业与联盟伙伴具有良好的合作关系时,企业更倾向于实施引进创新。同时,还以调研企业为案例研究了合作效率对创新模式转换的影响。将创新理论和联盟理论联系起来,具有一定的理论意义和实践指导价值。     

家族企业代际传递促进了企业创新吗？ ——来自创业板市场的经验证据

摘要：家族企业代际传承究竟会给企业创新带来什么样影响是一个重要且仍具争议的话题。本文试图从人力资本视角,发掘家族企业二代接班者对企业创新行为的重要影响。结果显示：家族企业二代接班者更倾向于激励企业创新行为,这一激励不仅有利于促进企业加大内部研发投入而且还会通过资本运作来实现企业外延式创新,上述研究结论在削弱内生性问题又依旧保持稳健。本文的研究发现为家族企业代际传递与创新问题提供理论验证,对家族企业创新实践和人力资本管理具有一定的启示意义。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。