An Analysis of Regional Economic Growth in the U.S. Midwest

In this paper, we examine more closely some of the forces that underlie economic growth at the county level. In an effort to describe a much more comprehensive regional economic growth model, we address a variety of different hypotheses by introducing a large number of growth-related variables. When formulating our hypotheses and specifying our growth model, we make liberal use of geographic mapping software to describe the data so as to "paint" a picture of where growth spots exist. Our empirical estimation indicates amenities, state and local tax burdens, population density, amount of primary agriculture activity, and demographics have important impacts on economic growth.     

中国农村金融组织发展与区域农业经济增长的关联性分析

本文运用双变量格兰杰因果关系检验法，选择1985-2003年的有关数据，分别检验了东中西部三大区域内农业经济增长与农村金融组织发展之间的因果关系。研究表明，就区域层面而言，农村金融组织发展与农业经济增长存在单向的格兰杰因果关系，农业经济增长不是农村金融组织发展的格兰杰原因。因此，培育和发展农村金融组织，建立多元化竞争性的农村金融市场体系，对于构建农村金融组织发展与区域农业经济增长之间的良性互动关系具有重要作用。     

山东省木材加工产业集群与区域经济增长实证研究

选取山东省木材加工产业1999～2008年有关数据,对山东省木材加工产业集群与经济增长之间的关系进行实证研究。结果表明:木材加工产业集群规模的增加会带动山东经济增长,而经济增长又会导致集群规模进一步扩大;进一步的研究证明,区域经济增长对木材加工产业集群的推动力要大于集群对经济增长的贡献。总体而言,二者存在双向互动关系且集群对经济增长的贡献有待提高。     

建设用地扩张对经济增长的贡献及其区域差异研究

研究目的：应用1999 — 2007年分省数据,测度近年建设用地扩张对中国及不同区域经济增长的贡献及变化趋势,为土地政策制定提供依据。研究方法：效率评价法、多元回归分析法、比较分析法。研究结果：（1）1999 — 2007年中国固定资本、劳动力和建设用地的产出弹性分别为0.745、0.274和0.083;（2）初级产品阶段地区、工业化阶段地区、发达经济阶段地区建设用地的产出弹性分别为0.376、0.068和0.066;（3）地区技术效率和土地宏观调控对建设用地扩张存在显著抑制作用。研究结论：（1）建设用地扩张对经济增长的贡献随着发展阶段演进逐渐减小;（2）对处于不同发展阶段的地区,应实行差别化的土地管理策略与绩效考核方法。     

土地开发利用与区域经济增长——2007年海峡两岸土地学术研讨会综述

2007年海峡两岸土地学术研讨会,于7月8日至9日在内蒙古呼和浩特市举行。本次会议由中国土地学会主办,内蒙古国土资源厅和内蒙古土地学会承办。中国土地学会邹玉川理事长出席会议并作重要讲话,内蒙古自治区政府杨玺副秘书长到会致辞。台北大学不动产与城乡环境学系主任陈明灿教授和文化大学土地资源学系赵淑德教授代表与会台湾学者致辞。内蒙古国土资源厅和内     

制度变迁与区域经济差异

改革开放以来,中国经济取得了飞速发展.但同时也出现了一些不容忽视的问题,特别是中国区域经济差异拉大的问题.造成中国区域经济差异的原因是多方面的,本文试从制度、制度变迁这个角度,探讨中国区域经济发展差异的原因,并提出一些对策.     

先秦两汉时期福建的农业经济发展状况

在距今5000年左右的新石器晚期，福建原始农业始出现；在距今3000年左右的西周时期刀耕火种型的农业经济始占主导地位，西汉早期仅在靠近内地的闽北和政治中心的闽江下游地区才发展为锄耕和犁耕农业。福建的农业经济长时期落后于周边地区，与其独特的生态环境和独立的地理单元存在密切关系，六朝时期随着北方汉人的迁入，封闭的地理单元被打破，当地的农业经济形态才逐渐缩小与内地的差距。     

区域经济发展与我国农业政策

区域经济理论表明:农村劳动力人口的减少是区域经济发展的一般规律,其转化的程度和水平是标志一个国家或区域经济发展程度和水平的一项重要指标,其主要推动力来自于农业和工业生产在技术方面的不同要求和劳动力收入的不同预期。因此,政策的制定必须符合经济运转的内在机理、减少农业资本流动的限制性、发挥区域经济的聚集作用、加大农村人力资本的投入等,以促进区域经济发展。     

Special Economic Zones and Accumulation by Dispossession in India

This paper seeks to reconstruct David Harvey's theory of accumulation by dispossession (ABD) through an ethnography of a Special Economic Zone in Rajasthan, India. While Harvey sees ABD as an economic process of over‐accumulated capital finding new outlets, I argue that it is an extra‐economic process of coercive expropriation typically exercised by states to help capitalist overcome barriers to accumulation – in this case, the absence of fully capitalist rural land markets. In India's privately developed SEZs, the accumulation generated by this dispossession – which represents the disaccumulation of the peasantry – occurs through capitalist rentiers who develop rural land for mainly IT companies and luxury real estate, and profit from the appreciation of artificially cheap land acquired by the state. While such development has only minimally and precariously absorbed the labour of dispossessed farmers, it has generated a peculiar agrarian transformation through land speculation that has enlisted fractions of the rural elite into a chain of rentiership, drastically amplified existing class and caste inequalities, undermined food security and, surprisingly, fuelled non‐productive economic activity and pre‐capitalist forms of exploitation.     

我国乳业成长的阶段性分析及政策取向

本文运用产业成长的生命周期理论,在借鉴发达国家乳业成长经验的基础上,对我国乳业成长的阶段性做出判断,认为我国乳业总体上仍处于产业扩张阶段,但从乳业内部产品结构演化趋势看,目前我国乳业处于液态奶主导阶段,而奶粉已经处于产品生命周期的成熟阶段,发酵乳和干酪制品将是我国乳品市场新的消费热点,并据此提出了政府加强乳业宏观调控和乳品企业产品创新的政策建议。     

中国区域经济差异的空间演化与政府调控

文章应用灰色关联度模型和Bootstrap方法估计了中国2002—2010年31个省市的经济差距状况,通过Bootstrap纠偏提高了小样本测试中数据分布的准确性。在此基础上,利用区域控制的Kernel密度分析方法对中国区域经济发展的分布演进和空间依赖性进行了分析。结果表明,中国区域经济分布演进存在俱乐部收敛趋势,且低收入俱乐部的规模远远大于其他较富裕的收敛俱乐部;中国的经济发展状况表现出空间上的非均衡性,且近邻效应显著,相应地区之间的经济水平趋于缩小。     

Polarization,Inequality, and Growth: The Indian Experience

One issue that has attracted considerable attention recently among scholars interested in inequality and conflict is polarization. We analyze polarization in India over roughly the past three decades using consumption expenditure data. We show that both bipolarization and multidimensional polarization (on several dimensions: rural–urban, state, region) have increased since the 1990s. In the case of bipolarization, this is a reversal from an earlier trend (in the 1980s). Overall, our results suggest that the high growth that India has witnessed since the 1990s has been associated with widening disparities. Comparing polarization and inequality trends, we find similarities, but also some differences; we also show how the study of polarization can provide different insights. Our results therefore underscore the importance of studying polarization as distinct from traditional inequality.     

Trade Policy,Equipment Investment and Growth in India

The relationship between trade policy and economic performance is one of the oldest controversies in economic development. In this paper, we examine an alternative mechanism through which trade reforms may impact on economic growth to those commonly discussed in the literature. This mechanism builds on the link between equipment investment and growth that has been observed in cross-country data. We argue that that in countries which have had highly restrictive trade policies with respect to capital goods, liberalization measures that specifically target capital goods imports may bring about a fall in the relative price of capital goods, leading to an increase in the rate of investment in equipment. Quantifying the link between trade policy, equipment investment and economic growth in the Indian case, we find strong support for this mechanism.     

Government Spending, Growth and Poverty in Rural India

Using state-level data for 1970–93, a simultaneous equation model was developed to estimate the direct and indirect effects of different types of government expenditure on rural poverty and productivity growth in India. The results show that in order to reduce rural poverty, the Indian government should give highest priority to additional investments in rural roads and agricultural research. These types of investment not only have much larger poverty impacts per rupee spent than any other government investment, but also generate higher productivity growth. Apart from government spending on education, which has the third largest marginal impact on rural poverty and productivity growth, other investments (including irrigation, soil and water conservation, health, and rural and community development) have only modest impacts on growth and poverty per additional rupee spent.     

农村劳动力流动与地区经济差距

20世纪90年代以来中国出现了地区经济差距不断扩大和劳动力流动规模不断扩大并存的现象.这是不符合经济学理论的.多数学者将这种理论与现实的相悖归咎为包括户籍制度在内的制度性障碍.本文认为户籍制度是我国劳动力流动的制度约束,并依此约束建立了中国农村劳动力流动对地区经济差距影响的模型,分析了农村劳动力流动对地区经济差距的影响.研究表明,尽管流动方式不尽相同,转型期中国农村劳动力流动在一定程度上扩大了中国地区经济差距.     

AIDS,Economic Growth and the Epidemic Trap in Africa

Most studies find that AIDS has a relatively weak impact on economic growth because they assume that it affects only one flow variable and only in the short term (the flow of labour available and capable of working at a time t in the economy). But AIDS also has a long-term impact on stock variables that existing models do not take into account, specifically, on both human and physical capital. Integrating these two impacts in a growth model with multiple accumulation factors reverses the findings of standard impact evaluations. A fairly wide range of epidemic effects modifies the economy's long-term growth regime, creating what we might call an epidemic or regressive “trap”. Government action should be designed in view of this risk and should intervene preferentially in favour of human capital, through health and educational spending. Finally, this model changes the cost-efficiency calculations about expanding antiretroviral therapies to a large part of the working population and indicates that such treatment is substantially more cost-efficient than initially thought.     

河南省区域经济发展差异研究

文章从河南省域出发,利用1996～2005年数据对河南区域差异状况做了重点分析,包括区域经济差距衡量指标的确定,10 年间河南区域经济差异的变化分析,和2005年各地区之间的差异现状,得到的结论是:绝对差异不断增大,相对差异呈波浪式增加,总体差异水平在不断扩大,并利用SPSS11.5软件把2005年各地区分为经济发达区、发展区和欠发达区三类,最后阐述了区域经济差异产生原因,并提出了河南区域经济发展对策及建议,以期为决策者制定区域经济发展政策时提供理论依据.     

广东省区域经济差异的实证分析

本文侧重从区域经济差异的角度对珠三角、东西两翼和粤北山区三个地区的地区生产总值、投资、消费等方面进行比较分析,并通过区位商分析三个地区的相对差异及其变动趋势,从而为发展东西两翼和粤北山区经济、缩小二者与珠三角的差距制定因地制宜的战略措施提供依据。     

Economic Development,Inequality and Poverty: An Analysis of Urban Violence in Colombia

This paper analyses some determinants of urban violence in seven major Colombian cities. The empirical research is intended to explore variations in violence across these Colombian cities and the influence of these variations on Colombia's economic development. In this study, several econometric data panel models and various estimate types are applied to control heterogeneity across the cities and to address endogeneity problems among the explanatory variables. The results show that education, poverty, inequality and the labour market are strong predictors of homicide rates in the seven Colombian cities. The results also demonstrate that city-level homicide rates depend on the city's level of development and the tendency of urban violence to persist over time. The findings thus demonstrate that factors such as inequality, poverty, education and the labour market influence urban violence, thereby generating negative effects on Colombia's economic and social development.     

中国农村区域经济差距及其收敛性研究

本文以新古典经济学的收敛理论为基础,分析了1992—2005年我国农村区域经济差距状况及其收敛模式。研究发现,20世纪90年代以来,我国农村区域经济差距基本上呈现扩大的趋势。同时新古典经济学的收敛理论表明我国农村省际之间经济差距并不存在"绝对收敛",但存在"条件收敛"。