加强非公有制企业思想政治工作的时效性

非公有制经济是中国社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分。非公有制经济在中国社会发展和经济生活中发挥着越来 越重要的作用。做好非公有制经济的思想政治工作,对于非公有制经济的健康有序发展,对于中国改革开放和市场经济建 设,均有十分重要的现实意义。     

Labor Market Regimes,Family Policies,and Women's Behavior in the EU

Using the EU-SILC database (2005–06) for twenty-four European countries, this article develops a comparative perspective on labor market situations of women and mothers with very young children in relation to labor market institutions and policies (especially childcare and leave schemes). Using multilevel multinomial logit models, our results show firstly the heterogeneity of national arrangements of women's labor market integration in Europe (including among new member states). Secondly, our results show the links between some national policy variables and women's behavior, despite the fact that individual factors explain labor market situations the most. Women's employment is positively related to formal childcare and to characteristics of national labor market regimes. The use of informal childcare is associated with lower women's employment rates, which might be explained by a substitution effect. The employment rate of mothers with very young children is positively related to public childcare and negatively to parental leave.     

中国劳动市场一体化测度与利益评估

笔者通过比较劳动生产率和劳动边际产出的地区差异与产业差异,对我国劳动市场一体化程度及其变化趋势进行测度。研究发现改革以来,劳动市场地区分割已明显减弱,但产业分割仍然严重;工业部门存在较高技术门槛和体制门槛,传统服务业是农业劳动力转移的主要渠道。政策模拟显示,劳动市场一体化具有巨大的经济社会利益。     

智能制造业创新产出：政府补助与市场竞争是否协同助力

基于2015—2019年中国智能制造行业上市公司数据，探讨政府补助与市场竞争对创新产出的协同作用，研究不同产业类别、不同市场竞争环境以及不同区域下政府补助的异质性效果。结果表明，政府补助和市场竞争对企业创新产出均有显著激励作用，市场竞争正向调节政府补助与企业创新产出的关系；政府补助对智能制造四大行业的创新产出均具有正向激励效应，其中对高端装备和新材料产业的促进作用更显著；在高市场竞争环境下，政府补助对高质量创新产出的促进作用更加显著；分区域看，东、中部地区政府补助对企业创新产出的促进作用更显著，且东部地区政府补助与市场竞争的协同促进作用更强，中部地区次之，西部地区较弱。结论对政府制定智能制造业补助政策、完善创新市场环境、促进政府与市场发挥协同创新作用等具有参考价值。     

Food environment and weight outcomes: a stochastic frontier approach

Food environment includes supermarkets, restaurants, warehouse clubs and supercentres and other food outlets. As such, it can affect weight outcomes through healthy food-access cost and availability, which in turn shape eating styles and habits. This article evaluates the impact of food environment on weight outcomes through a stochastic frontier approach (SFA) that comprehensively includes various components of the food environment. The model is estimated using body mass indexes (BMIs) as the dependent variable and demographics and food environment data from New England counties as explanatory variables. Empirical results indicate that supercentres and limited service restaurants are positively associated with weight gain, while full service restaurants are negatively associated with BMIs. In metropolitan counties, the presence of full and limited service restaurants has a significant impact on BMIs; in non-metropolitan counties, these establishments do not, except in those adjacent to metropolitan areas. Empirical results also validate SFA is a more appropriate specification than the standard linear model. In addition, SFA allows us to rank counties and identify targets for effective policy interventions. An ordered logit model of weight status is estimated with the same explanatory variables, confirming that the directions of the effects of the food environment components are similar.     

Market orientation and performance in the biotechnology industry: An exploratory empirical analysis

The purpose ofthis study was to conduct an exploratory investigation into the link between market orientation and business performance in the biotechnology sector. Based on the nature and character of the biotechnology industry, a multi-faceted scale of market orientation was derived from a preuiously tested and refined measure of the construct. Data were generated from 62 biotechnolog firms and a variety of market orientation-performance relationships were investigated, alongside other potential effects on the different dimensions of business performance. The findings indicate that market orientation is positively and signficanttly associated with three of the four performance measures examined. Implications of our findings for biotechnology industry managers are discussed and limitations of the study as well as future research directions are addressed.     

Public reaction to stock market volatility: evidence from the ATUS

How does the public react to changes in the stock market? We know from the existing body of research that sentiment can predict future stock-market movements. However, do market movements affect sentiment? This article addresses these questions by testing whether market movements precede changes in the emotional well-being of the general public. Using Granger causality analysis, we compare how market movements affect public well-being during periods of increased (2010) and decreased (2012) volatility. The results show that 30-day-lagged returns are associated positively and significantly with the public’s emotional well-being, and that this effect is stronger during periods of increased volatility. The results also show that this effect may persist for up to 120 days.     

股票市场正相关影响通货膨胀的路径分析

股票市场与通货膨胀的变动关系主要有四种：通货膨胀正相关影响股市;通货膨胀负相关影响股市;股市负相关影响通货膨胀;股市正相关影响通货膨胀。之前对于两者的变动研究得出的结论主要是负相关。1992—2008年中国股票市场与通货膨胀的数据显示,06年以前二者在趋势上基本呈负相关。但是,06年至今两者呈现出了滞后正相关的变动关系,并且是CPI滞后于股票市场同向波动。本文通过对股票市场参与结构的历史比较,总结出了股票市场正相关影响通货膨胀的路径。     

Health status and labor force participation: evidence for urban low and middle income individuals in Colombia

This paper analyzes the relationship between individual health status and labor force participation using the first wave of the Colombian Longitudinal Survey. The empirical modeling strategy accounts for the presence of potential endogeneity between these two variables. The results show that there is a positive relationship between health and labor force participation in both directions, indicating that better health is likely to lead to a higher probability of participation in the labor market, but also that individuals who participate in the labor market are more likely to report better health. Interesting differences are uncovered when comparing the results by gender and/or age groups. For instance, for younger females, health status and higher education positively affect the probability of labor participation, whereas having children under the age of 5 and being married reduce their probability of participation. Our findings also highlight the importance of public policy to guarantee good health conditions of the population which could also have a positive impact on labor productivity and consequently on long-run economic growth.     

What does tax aggressiveness signal? Evidence from stock price reactions to news about tax shelter involvement

We study the stock price reaction to news about corporate tax aggressiveness. We find that, on average, a company's stock price declines when there is news about its involvement in tax shelters. We find some limited evidence for cross-sectional variation in the reaction. For example, the reaction is more negative for firms in the retail sector, suggesting that part of the reaction may be a consumer/taxpayer backlash. In addition, the reaction is less negative for firms that are viewed to be generally less tax aggressive, as proxied by the firm's cash effective tax rate. We interpret this as being consistent with the market reacting positively to evidence that a firm is trying to reduce taxes when their financial reports would lead one to believe the firm is not tax aggressive.     

The determinants of banking efficiency in Hong Kong 2004-2014

The cost efficiency of the Hong Kong Banking sector over the period 2004–2014 is estimated by data envelopment window analysis. A second stage regression analysis finds that bank size and GDP growth are positively associated with efficiency, whereas revenue diversification and inflation are associated with lower efficiency. Stock exchange listing status is associated with lower efficiency but no clear relationship between measures of market structure and efficiency is found.     

保险保障基金制度效应分析——基于中国财险产业组织视角的研究

文章运用中国16家财险公司1999-2007年的面板数据,考察财险产业组织规律及保险保障基金制度对财险产业组织的影响,结果显示,中国财险业的市场结构与竞争行为正相关,市场结构与绩效正相关,竞争行为与绩效负相关;保险保障基金提取额与市场结构正相关,与竞争行为正相关,与绩效负相关.文章为了体现保险保障基金制度从隐性制度到显性制度的转变,将样本期间分为两阶段,尽管分阶段估计结果发生了一些变化,但并未改变基本结论.     

控制权配置对企业投资行为的影响研究——基于企业家注重声誉的视角

如何通过提高企业家声誉来优化企业投资行为事关我国企业的健康发展。通过构建企业投资支出的回归模型,对控制权配置与企业投资行为进行实证检验。实证分析表明,在企业家注重声誉的前提下,第一大股东持股比例与企业投资支出水平负相关,而当内部现金流充裕时,股权制衡比例与企业投资支出水平正相关。因此,可以通过建立企业家征信制度、完善充分竞争的企业家市场、确保企业家有长远预期和培育合格的市场主体等措施,提高企业家声誉,优化企业投资行为。     

河北省商品市场监管制度研究

改革开放以来,河北省商品市场建设从整体上呈现出理性化、规范化、网络化、商场化、市场组织形式实体化和市场买方化等新趋势,但也存在着市场监管技术手段落后、监管效能低及市场中间服务组织发展缓慢等问题。应进一步明确市场主办者的法律地位和法律责任,明确市场主办者与进场经营者的法律关系;通过建立企业(个体户)分类监管制度,加强市场主办者和进场经营者的信用监管;积极实施商品市场准入制度,加强上市商品质量监管;借助现代信息技术,不断完善市场监管方式;运用综合职能监管市场,形成政府监管、行业自律、公众监督和司法保证相结合的市场监管制度体系。     

Inter-linkages between competition and stabilisation policies in the banking sector and stock market development in Europe

The banking sector and the stock market in Europe have been adversely impacted by a series of global financial crises over the last two decades. Major financial reforms were implemented to enhance the stability and competition within the banking sector. Measures were also implemented to create a vibrant stock market in Europe to stimulate economic growth in Europe. This study examines the interactions between stock market development, banking competition, and banking stability in European countries from 1996 to 2016. The purpose of the study is to understand the inter-linkages between these variables to ascertain the spillover impact of policy reforms in the banking sector on the stock market and vice-versa. Using a vector error-correction model, the study finds long-run and short-run inter-linkages between banking competition, banking stability, and stock market development in European countries. The study’s most robust result is that banking competition and banking stability stimulate stock market development in the long run. There is also some evidence that healthy competition in the banking sector and stock market development instils greater stability in the banking sector. The results suggest that policy measures put in place to create a vibrant stock market must include elevating banking competition and banking stability, with policymakers being cognizant that causality may be bidirectional.     

Corporate structure,ownership and the likelihood of innovation

An examination is conducted into the effect which external ownership and other aspects of corporate ownership structure have on the likelihood of innovation for a sample of manufacturing plants located in Scotland. Econometric estimation indicates that plant size, the presence of in-plant R&D, and non-UK ownership have a positive effect on the likelihood of innovation. Multiplant operation, market power and variations in industrial structure have no discernible effect on innovation. The finding that foreign ownership is positively associated with innovation contrasts with previous research conducted on manufacturing plants in Northern Ireland.     

扩内需背景下投资需求影响因素实证分析——以1979—2009年为例

投资需求是内需的重要组成部分。基于扩大内需的现实背景,运用1979—2009年的宏观数据,从国内市场角度实证分析了中国投资需求的主要影响因素。结果发现,从全国范围来看,只有产出对投资需求存在显著的正向影响,消费、物价水平和利率水平的影响却并不显著;而对以浙江省为代表的东部发达地区来说,除利率变量之外,产出、消费、物价水平都与投资需求存在显著的正相关关系;全国与浙江省投资需求影响因素的差异也在一定程度上反映了收入差距、市场化水平与投资结构等因素会对投资需求的形成产生潜在的间接影响。     

Internet searches and transactions on the Dutch housing market

We use Google searches of the word ‘mortgage’ to explain monthly housing transactions in the Netherlands in the period from 2004 until 2015. Our estimates indicate that Google searches of the previous months are significantly positively associated with housing transactions in the current month. This shows evidence that Internet search data can provide information about real market behaviour.     

Economic Synthesis: A Review of the Work of Boris Ischboldin

Current research on efficiency wages and transaction costs utilizes models of economic behavior that require a theory of market institutions. Yet the institutional structure of market exchange appears at odds with the neoclassical theory of markets under perfect competition. Both Samuel Bowles/Herbert Gintis and David Levine recognize this as a problem for traditional economic theory. Bowles and Gintis suggest that market power is a prerequisite for the effective utilization of resources within the capitalist enterprise. Levine identifies market exchange with the need for individuals to define for themselves a distinct way of life in order to secure the recognition of others and preserve the integrity of the self. The middle ground between a theory of market power and individual personality formation lies in the inherent social relations governing market exchange. By exploring this middle ground, market exchange can be presented as a set of communicative practices through which individual needs are shaped and power is either challenged or maintained.     

Human capital and the re‐employment of retrenchment labor in urban China

The inefficiency of state‐owned enterprises, followed by the economic reform in urban China, resulted in large‐scale retrenchment during the late1990s. The laid‐off workers were middle‐aged, not well educated and had accumulated a lot of firm‐specific human capital that was unlikely to be of value in the product market. In this study, we investigate how differently human capital affects laid‐off workers’ occupation choices: self‐employment, re‐employment and remaining unemployed. Using 2002 Chinese Household Income Project and 2009 Urban Household Survey datasets, we find that although general human capital measured by education is positively related to the probability of finding a job, it is negatively associated with the probability of self‐employment. Displaced workers with more sector‐specific work experience are more likely to be self‐employed than to be employed by others. Government‐sponsored training significantly increases the likelihood of finding a job. Health is positively associated with re‐employment.