收入增长的俱乐部效应

本文通过选取1993—2013年省域面板数据,基于俱乐部收敛的视角对收入增长和中等收入陷阱的关系进行实证研究。分析结果表明中国自改革开放以来尤其是20世纪90年代初市场经济体制确立后,各省域经济出现了明显的俱乐部趋同现象,分为东部地区的富裕省份俱乐部和中、西部地区相对落后省份俱乐部。这种长期的地区经济发展失衡不利于中国收入分配改革的有效实施。本文进一步选取教育、科研、制度、收入差距等条件变量,实证结果显著表明它们是影响地区间俱乐部效应的主要因素。跨越“中等收入陷阱”成功和失败的国家都离不开同以上四要素的联系,也正符合中国供给侧改革的政策内涵。     

我国地区经济的“俱乐部”收敛性

本文应用时间系列方法,从新的角度研究了我国地区收入的"俱乐部"收敛性。它的优点是可以避免东、中、西部的预先限定,识别出哪些地区能够形成收敛"俱乐部"。研究表明,我国存在以上海人均收入为稳态水平的收敛"俱乐部",它包括16个省份,这意味着我国将近一半省份的经济发展水平还有相当大的上升潜力和空间。分析显示,产业结构差异和国际贸易对收敛"俱乐部"有很大的影响。     

中国八大城市群互联网金融发展的区域差异分解及收敛性研究

研究目标：揭示长三角城市群、珠三角城市群、京津冀城市群、中原城市群、长江中游城市群、哈长城市群、成渝城市群和北部湾城市群等八大城市群互联网金融发展的区域差异及其收敛性。研究方法：利用2014年3月~2015年12月蚂蚁金服大数据平台公布的城市互联网金融发展指数月度数据,采用Dagum基尼系数及其分解方法对八大城市群互联网金融发展的区域差异进行分解,采用空间面板数据回归模型对σ收敛、β收敛、俱乐部收敛进行检验。研究发现：2014年3月~2015年12月,八大城市群互联网金融发展的总体区域差异呈逐渐下降的趋势,珠三角城市群内部互联网金融发展的差异最大,地区间差异是导致互联网金融区域差距的主要来源,互联网金融发展呈现出典型的σ收敛。研究创新：揭示八大城市群互联网金融发展的区域差异来源,对σ收敛、β收敛、俱乐部收敛进行经验检验。研究价值：对于缩小互联网金融发展的区域差异,促进城市群互联网金融的协同发展具有重要意义。     

中国包容性绿色增长的测度及分析北大核心CSCDCSSCI

研究目标:构建科学合理的包容性绿色增长指标体系,测度分析中国各省份及三大地区包容性绿色增长水平、变动趋势、区域差异及其收敛特征。研究方法:运用定基极差熵权法、泰尔指数、σ收敛模型和β收敛模型。研究发现:中国各省份及三大地区包容性绿色增长水平呈现上升趋势,区域差异显著但逐年缩小,并具有收敛特征。研究创新:根据包容性绿色增长的内涵和外延构建指标体系,一定程度上克服了指标选取主观随意性强、指标种类单一、忽略指标实际含义和指标体系不易操作等问题,从而更具有效性和应用性;运用定基极差熵权法测度包容性绿色增长水平,使测度结果具备了时空双重维度上的可比性。基于时空视角,从各省份及三大地区两个层面进行考察。研究价值:有助于观察和把握中国经济增长的绿色化与社会包容性的现实状态,为进一步提升中国包容性绿色增长水平和促进经济高质量发展提供理论支撑。     

城市规模分布对地区收入差距的影响——基于LandScan全球人口数据库的实证研究

如何缩小地区间收入差距备受学界和政策制定者的关注.尽管多中心被规划者视为缩小地区收入差距的灵丹妙药,然而支持这一观点的实证研究较少.基于LandScan人口数据和夜间灯光数据,以全球132个国家为研究对象,采用面板固定效应模型和两阶段最小二乘法探讨城市规模分布对地区收入差距的影响.结果显示,城市规模分布多中心并不能缩小地区收入差距,反而会导致区域差距扩大.单中心缩小区域收入差距意味着单中心促进小城市人均收入增加要大于大城市,这是非均衡发展过程的空间表达,显示出经济会在集聚中走向平衡.未来应适度放松对大城市人口流动的限制,引导城市规模合理分布.     

数字经济背景下长三角城市韧性差异分解及驱动因素研究

基于2011—2019年长三角地区41个地级市数据，采用Dagum基尼系数测算了长三角地区城市韧性及其子系统韧性的地区差距，并运用二次指派程序(QAP)对其进行实证分析。研究表明：长三角地区经济韧性差距总体呈现出下降—上升趋势，而社会、生态及城市韧性差距总体呈现出上升—下降—上升趋势，不同韧性视角下各省内部地区差距明显，地区间差距是构成各韧性总体差距的主要来源。QAP回归结果表明，数字经济发展水平对于缩小不同城市韧性及其子系统地区差距具有显著正向作用；分时期结果表明，相较于“十二五”规划时期“十三五”规划时期的数字经济发展水平对缩小城市韧性地区差距具有边际递减效应，但正向影响依旧显著。     

中国经济高质量发展的分布动态、地区差异与收敛性研究

研究目标:测度2011～2019年中国30个省份的经济高质量发展水平并分析其演进趋势、地区差异、结构差异、收敛性和障碍因素。研究方法:综合运用二次加权动态评价法、定基功效系数法对中国经济高质量发展水平进行测度,并进一步通过Kernel密度估计、Markov链、Dagum基尼系数、方差分解、σ收敛、β收敛以及障碍因子诊断模型对测度结果进行实证分析。研究发现:中国经济高质量发展水平整体表现出“发展水平提升、绝对差异缩小”的特征;经济高质量发展的地区差异主要来源于四大区域间的发展差异,结构差异的主要来源由生态环境差异转变为增长动能差异;经济高质量发展表现出典型的σ收敛和β收敛特征;财政收入增速、经济增长率和经济波动率是经济高质量发展的主要障碍因素。研究创新:将共同富裕纳入经济高质量发展指标体系的构建,通过二次加权动态评价方法对中国经济高质量发展进行测度,识别中国经济高质量发展趋势转变的关键节点,并在全面把握其发展特征的基础上进一步对障碍因素进行诊断。研究价值:有助于把握新时代中国经济高质量发展的真实水平和分布特征,为明确当前乃至未来阶段提升经济高质量发展水平的着力点提供依据。     

中国数字经济产出效率的动态测度及区域差异分析

选取2010～2019年中国29个省份数字经济相关数据为研究样本,利用DEA-MI动态指数模型与Dagum基尼系数对各省份数字经济产出效率进行统计测度。结果表明：中国数字经济产出效率Malmquist指数整体表现出先升后降趋势;29个省份数字经济产出效率Malmquist指数存在显著空间异质性。进一步研究发现：七大区域数字经济产出效率差异存在不同程度变化态势,且区域间差异是导致中国数字经济产出效率存在地区差距的主要因素。鉴于此,应打造“政府+市场”双管齐下的共治模式,发挥社会非营利组织与市场组织等的作用,协调好经济与社会间的关系,从而实现数字经济产出效率提升。     

税收优惠政策与高技术产业创新效率

研究目标：分析税收优惠政策对创新效率的影响以及创新效率的收敛性,测度税收优惠政策对创新带来的实际贡献。研究方法：构建随机前沿模型测度高技术产业的创新效率,采用σ收敛和β收敛检验方法检验创新效率收敛性,并采用反事实计量方法测度税收优惠政策对创新带来的实际贡献。研究发现：税收优惠政策对研发效率有显著正影响,对市场转化效率的影响为正但不显著,政策实施后效率分布也更集中;研发效率的收敛主要是由东中西地区内部之间差距的缩小造成的,而市场转化效率的收敛是由三大地区内部差距的缩小以及中西部和东部地区的差距缩小共同造成的;税收优惠政策使研发效率大约上升了8%～10%,带来的创新产出占总产出的比重也一直维持在10%以上。研究创新：从效率水平和收敛性两个角度来定量分析税收优惠政策对创新效率的影响。研究价值：为更好地采取措施提高创新效率和减小地区创新效率差距提供经验证据。     

中国创新要素配置的统计测度研究

选取2010 ～2019年中国30个省份创新要素相关产业数据为研究样本,利用主成分分析法对中国各省份之间创新要素配置进行统计测度.结果 表明:中国创新要素配置水平省际差距十分明显,经济发展水平较高的省份其创新要素配置水平平均值越高、增长率越低,经济发展水平较低省份其平均值越低、增长率越高.进一步研究发现:在技术与人力创新要素方面,中西部地区增长率较高;在资金创新要素方面,东部地区增长率仍居前列.鉴于此,应发挥高级创新要素边际递增收益优势,调整区域内创新主体结构与研发管理措施,培育互联网新业态创新能力土壤,从而实现中国创新要素配置的合理优化.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.