PFI与BOT项目融资模式比较及应用探索

PFI和BOT都是项目融资中的典型模式,都属于PPP模式的范围,是解决政府财政资金在公共基础设施建设上投资不足的重要途径.本文从产生背景、概念界定、组织结构、应用领域等方面对两种模式进行了比较研究,分析了两种模式的优缺点,最后提出了我国实施PFI和BOT需要解决的问题及措施.     

基于模糊综合评价法的PFI项目可行性分析

随着我国经济持续快速发展，对公共产品的需求显著增大，一些公共设施和基础设施都亟待建设。资金的巨额缺口使得扩宽公用事业融资渠道，吸引民间资本投资成为当务之急，PFI这一新的融资和建设模式称为解决公共项目多渠道融资的一个必然选择。针对PFI的特点，本文对PFI项目可行性评价的原则及由此产生的评价指标体系进行了深入的分析和研究，并运用模糊综合评价方法对PFI项目的可行性进行评价，为项目初期的模式选择决策提供有力支持。     

以能源-经济-环境“3E”系统模型审视我国能源生产与消费

"3E"系统模型强调社会发展系统中能源、经济、环境三个子系统之间综合平衡与协调发展。我国工业化经济的发展带来能源生产与消费需求的增加,然而不合理的能源生产与消费结构,以及能源利用的低效率,却导致我国环境污染和生态系统失衡。文章在分析我国能源生产与消费现状的基础上,提出能源生产与消费模式的改进措施,以期促进能源-经济-环境的协调发展。     

浙江省家庭能源消费的调查与分析

能源短缺问题一直是困扰浙江省经济和社会发展的一个重大问题。为建设“绿色浙江”，营造良好的人居生存环境和投资发展环境，建设节约型社会与和谐社会，我们从能源需求总量、能源使用结构、居民节能意识三个方面对浙江省家庭能源消费的状况进行了调查和分析，并相应地提出要树立科学消费观、建立科学消费模式。具体措施包括政府对居民实行正确的引导和教育、建立合理的制度保障、综合运用经济调节机制等。     

建筑机械投资决策分析

分析我国建筑机械的基本状况;建筑施工企业实现施工机械化投资的途径;两种投资途径的比较分析;两种投资经济性分析模式;对机械投资的几点建议。     

PFI及其在交通基础设施建设中的应用

PFI是一种新兴的基础设施投资、建设和运营管理模式。运用这种模式可以解决基础设施建设资金不足、运营效率低下的问题,同时,也可以有效转移公共部门的风险。在我国由于实施PFI的项目很少、时间较短、经验不足,特别是在交通基础设施的领域实施PFI的项目更少,所以,应针对不同的情况有选择地使用PFI,并注意PFI实施中可能存在的问题,防微杜渐,充分发挥PFI在我国交通基础设施建设中的作用。     

我国实现全面小康的能源战略

一、能源发展任务实现2020年全面建设小康社会的战略目标,对能源领域提出了多方面的要求。我们在制定能源战略时,要全面了解今后能源可持续发展的任务和挑战。我国今后所面临的能源发展问题是一个全方位的系统问题,概括起来至少应包括以下十个方面的任务和挑战。1、保障能源供应,为GDP翻两番、全面建设小康社会提供充足的能源。实现GDP翻两番、全面建设小康社会、基本实现工业化,要求有充足、清洁、经济可靠的能源供应。因此,今后的能源供应不仅要在数量上成倍增加,在能源服务质量上也要有根本性的提高。随着社会经济发展水平的提高,现代…     

我国各省份能源利用的效率评价——基于DEA数据包络方法

本文通过对2009年我国各省份及地区的相对能源效率的比较分析,以及能源消费冗余、环境治理冗余和能源效率影响因素的分析,得出东部地区在综合能源效率、能源消费冗余等方面均优于中西部地区,技术水平对于提高综合能源效率的影响最大,因此现阶段提高技术投入、促进产业结构的转型、改变粗放型经济发展模式是提高能源效率的必要手段。     

节能服务公司市场大显身手——上海建立市场化的节能新机制

节能服务公司对企业能源系统的改造以合同能源管理的模式为客户服务，克服了我国目前节能工作上面临的企业节能投资意识不强、节能投资资金不足、节能项目效率不高以及节能投资服务跟不上等一系列障碍，促进了各种技术可行、经济合理的节能项目实施。     

PFI在公共项目融资中的运用

目前国内对城市建设的投入是逐年加大,基础设施的大量建设拉动了需求,促进经济的发展,同时也带来产出的低效率等问题.资金不足是尤为重要的制约瓶颈.文章介绍了成功推行PFI的海外国家在推进过程中颁布的法律、设立的组织机构、涉及的广泛领域,以及有益的经验和争议.在分析中国目前的经济形势基础上,对中国在公共项目开发运营中推行PFI方式的可能性和必要性进行了探讨与研究,提出了PFI在我国的适用领域,并提出了导入PFI的建议.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

研发过程模型优化——研发过程任意阶段知识运作模型研究

本文拟通过对三个现有研发过程模型的评述,结合其他相关文献的回顾以及当前企业界所能够提供的技术服务,对研发过程模型予以优化,并尝试提出了‘研发过程任意阶段知识运作模型”来探讨“知识在研发过程中究竟是如何运作的”的问题,以期能够为当前的企业界和学术界的研发过程运作模式的完善提供有益参考。