Momentum Investing and Business Cycle Risk: Evidence from Pole to Pole

We examine whether macroeconomic risk can explain momentum profits internationally. Neither an unconditional model based on the Chen, Roll, and Ross (1986) factors nor a conditional forecasting model based on lagged instruments provides any evidence that macroeconomic risk variables can explain momentum. In addition, momentum profits around the world are economically large and statistically reliable in both good and bad economic states. Further, these momentum profits reverse over 1‐ to 5‐year horizons, an action inconsistent with existing risk‐based explanations of momentum.     

投资高净资产收益率组合的实证研究

利用高净资产收益率组合对1998年以来的业绩以及相对强势和弱势市场中的业绩进行实证研究,研究结果表明自1998年开始,每年坚持投资连续两年净资产收益都超过10%的股票组合,能获取超过市场指数的投资回报.     

QFII的投资理念

QFII制度的实施是我国扩大对外开放、积极吸引外资的又一重大举措,但是我国理论界和实务界对QFII进入中国国内证券市场的投资理念、QFII的投资行为对中国证券市场有什么样的影响等等问题还存在着不同的认识,因此有必要对这些问题进行探讨.     

The Impact of Downward Rating Momentum

Rating downgrades are known to make subsequent downgrades more likely. We analyze the impact of this “downward momentum” on credit portfolio risk and bond portfolio management. Using Standard&Poor’s ratings from 1996 to 2005, we apply a novel approach to estimate a transition matrix that is sensitive to previous downgrades and contrast it with an insensitive benchmark matrix. First, we find that, under representative economic conditions, investors who rely on insensitive transition matrices underestimate the momentum-sensitive Value-at-Risk (VaR), on average, by 107 basis points. Second, we show that bond portfolio managers should use our downgrade-sensitive probabilities of default as they seem to be better calibrated than momentum-insensitive estimates.     

Value and Momentum Everywhere

We find consistent value and momentum return premia across eight diverse markets and asset classes, and a strong common factor structure among their returns. Value and momentum returns correlate more strongly across asset classes than passive exposures to the asset classes, but value and momentum are negatively correlated with each other, both within and across asset classes. Our results indicate the presence of common global risks that we characterize with a three‐factor model. Global funding liquidity risk is a partial source of these patterns, which are identifiable only when examining value and momentum jointly across markets. Our findings present a challenge to existing behavioral, institutional, and rational asset pricing theories that largely focus on U.S. equities.     

Market States and Momentum

We test overreaction theories of short-run momentum and long-run reversal in the cross section of stock returns. Momentum profits depend on the state of the market, as predicted. From 1929 to 1995, the mean monthly momentum profit following positive market returns is 0.93%, whereas the mean profit following negative market returns is −0.37%. The up-market momentum reverses in the long-run. Our results are robust to the conditioning information in macroeconomic factors. Moreover, we find that macroeconomic factors are unable to explain momentum profits after simple methodological adjustments to take account of microstructure concerns.     

Momentum and Credit Rating

This paper establishes a robust link between momentum and credit rating. Momentum profitability is large and significant among low‐grade firms, but it is nonexistent among high‐grade firms. The momentum payoffs documented in the literature are generated by low‐grade firms that account for less than 4% of the overall market capitalization of rated firms. The momentum payoff differential across credit rating groups is unexplained by firm size, firm age, analyst forecast dispersion, leverage, return volatility, and cash flow volatility.     

投资天使及其投资要诀

如何使所选项目的投资回报率高达1000％?数以万计的富人如何寻找投资项目?如何判断投资项目?如何决策投资项目? 请看     

保险资金入市一切刚刚开始

入市的金额、操作的手法、相关的规定、与国际成熟做法的差距……,种种迹象表明,此刻的保险资金入市仅仅是个开始。     

Presidential Address: The Cost of Active Investing

I compare the fees, expenses, and trading costs society pays to invest in the U.S. stock market with an estimate of what would be paid if everyone invested passively. Averaging over 1980–2006, I find investors spend 0.67% of the aggregate value of the market each year searching for superior returns. Society's capitalized cost of price discovery is at least 10% of the current market cap. Under reasonable assumptions, the typical investor would increase his average annual return by 67 basis points over the 1980–2006 period if he switched to a passive market portfolio.     

打开IFC投资窗

2001年第2期我刊曾经介绍了如何与国际金融公司合作的专题文章,受到读者的极大关注。如果你想与IFC合作,从IFC那里获得更多的融资支持和其他支持性服务,那么,此文会帮助你了解IFC最新的投资产品和服务信息。     

Momentum and macroeconomic state variables

We find strong evidence that momentum across asset classes is driven by macroeconomic state variables. By reacting to changes in the macroeconomic environment, the strategy performs particularly well in times of economic distress. This result is interesting for practitioners and academics alike the success of an investment strategy that simultaneously looks at relative momentum across currencies, bonds, real estate, commodities, and equities can be interpreted as a payoff for rational investors hedging against predictable changes in the investment opportunity set. Our results allow us to establish a link between momentum and more sophisticated predictive regressions.     

Productivity Risk and Industry Momentum

A productivity shock identified through a vector autoregression model is a priced risk factor for one‐month industry momentum portfolios and commands a positive risk premium. Stocks in winning industries have greater sensitivity to productivity news, thereby earning higher average returns than stocks in losing industries. This evidence lends support to an Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model (ICAPM) with human wealth. In many specifications, exposure to productivity risk captures more than half of the observed industry momentum profits. This paper studies the sources of profits and attributes the risks of industry momentum portfolios to the behavior of their underlying cash flows.     

Price Momentum and Trading Volume

This study shows that past trading volume provides an important link between 'momentum' and 'value' strategies. Specifically, we find that firms with high (low) past turnover ratios exhibit many glamour (value) characteristics, earn lower (higher) future returns, and have consistently more negative (positive) earnings surprises over the next eight quarters. Past trading volume also predicts both the magnitude and persistence of price momentum. Specifically, price momentum effects reverse over the next five years, and high (low) volume winners (losers) experience faster reversals. Collectively, our findings show that past volume helps to reconcile intermediate-horizon 'underreaction' and long-horizon 'overreaction' effects.     

前期高价动量策略在我国中小板市场的有效性研究

本文验证了前期高价动量策略在我国中小板股票市场的有效性,发现仅形成期为1个月的动量策略在接下来3—6个月内可获得显著的超额收益率;当形成期为3个月或6个月时,持有期为1个月的动量策略发生了巨大的亏损。在考虑了市场趋势的情况下,发现获得显著收益的动量组合会在牛市中放大这一收益,而发生显著亏损的动量组合会在熊市中放大这一亏损。     

Momentum and the Disposition Effect: The Role of Individual Investors

We hypothesize that disposition effect-induced momentum documented in Grinblatt and Han (2005) should be stronger in stocks with greater individual investors’ presence since individual investors are more prone to the disposition effect. We find strong evidence for our hypothesis for a large sample of NYSE/AMEX/NASDAQ stocks from the end of 1980 to 2005. Our results hold across different momentum strategies using alternative ways of defining individual investors’ presence in a stock and maintain even after controlling for variables known to drive momentum. Furthermore, we find that our results are stronger for hard-to-value stocks consistent with the findings of Kumar (2009).     

REIT Momentum and Characteristic-Related REIT Returns

Recent evidence confirms that in factor-model examinations of the cross-section of REIT returns, REIT momentum emerges as the dominant driver. Acknowledging the importance of momentum, the current study explores whether and how REIT return patterns are linked to the underlying characteristics of the REITs themselves, in the manner of Daniel and Titman’s (Journal of Finance 52(1):1–33, 1997, Journal of Portfolio Management 24(4):24–33, 1998) characteristics model. Over the period 1993 through 2009, we find that after controlling for momentum, book-to-market, institutional ownership, and illiquidity are all strongly associated with REIT returns while size and analyst coverage are not. We further extend prior research by examining the influence of changes in interest rate cycles on REIT returns, and find that the characteristic-return relationships are heavily influenced by interest rates.