基于专利分析下的中国工业机器人技术发展现状研究

近年来随着市场与政策的不断利好,中国工业机器人迅猛发展,已成为全球第一大工业机器人市场.但由于中国在该领域起步较晚,从技术与产品的角度与发达国家相比还存在一定差距.通过采用专利地图法对全球与中国范围内的工业机器人专利信息展开分析,了解了中国工业机器人产业在世界市场中的地位以及与世界先进水平间的差距,明确了中国现阶段工业机器人技术布局,为提升产业发展提出对策建议.     

China Development Forum 2002 Minister's Speech: Developing China's Capital Market and Speeding Up Banking Reform

In this ministerial speech to the China Development Forum in Beijing, March 2002, I emphasise the importance of the People's Bank of China in implementing sound monetary policy and strengthening financial support for economic development. For these purposes China's capital market needs to be further developed to increase the share of direct financing, and state-owned commercial banks need to be reformed to establish appropriate incentives for loan marketing as well as internal control.     

Policy Shocks and Macroeconomic Fluctuations in a Two‐country Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model: Evidence from China*

In this paper, we construct a two‐country dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model to investigate the sources of business cycles in China and the contributions of policy shocks in economic fluctuations. The empirical results from Bayesian estimation show that, apart from the traditional supply and demand shocks, monetary and fiscal policy shocks also play important roles in determining China's economic fluctuations. In addition, we find significant feedback effects between monetary and fiscal policies in China, indicating that policy coordination is an important feature of China's monetary and fiscal policies. Overall, these results not only shed new light on the policy factors behind China's economic fluctuations, but also provide new evidence that is helpful for understanding the policy transmission mechanisms in China.     

Human capital quality and the regional economic growth: Evidence from China

China's economic development has advanced from a high-speed to a high-quality growth stage in recent years. The optimization and upgrading of the economic structure require high-quality human capital to support an innovation-driven economy. In this paper, a general equilibrium model of human capital (Xiang & Yeaple, 2018) is applied to estimate the cognitive and non-cognitive productivities based on Chinese provincial-level macro-data and individual labor's micro-data from 2008 to 2017. The weighted power mean of cognitive and non-cognitive productivities helps calculate the provincial-level human capital quality index (HCQI), which provides a realistic estimate of human capital quality. We find that the improvement of the HCQI leads to convergence in economic growth in China's provinces. HCQI can help explain the differences in economic growth levels in different regions of China. Our study provides a constructive step in understanding cognitive and non-cognitive abilities and HCQI in China, which could help guide education investment policy in China and its provinces.     

Understanding China's Economic Growth from a Regional Policy Perspective

There has been ongoing interest in China's economic growth. What were the drivers of China's economic growth in past years? What policies were used to promote China's economic growth? Although different lenses may be used to understand and explain China's economic growth, this paper draws on historical, theoretical, and empirical perspectives to discuss the nexus between China's regional policies and economic growth. First, we review the evolution of China's regional policy and the policy's changing emphasis in different development stages, from balanced, unbalanced, and coordinated development to synergistic development. Then we construct a theoretical model to illustrate the impact of regional policy on the local economy and conduct an empirical examination with a case study of regional policy using regression discontinuity design. This paper analyzes the concept of regional policy and the underpinning logic of economic growth and presents practical approaches to formulate a better regional policy framework.     

Prospect for China-Korea Economic Relations

This paper briefly reviews the economic performance of China's economic reform starting in 1978, and which it presents personal views on the experiences of Korea's economic development and lessons for China's economic reform. The paper reviews the China‐Korea economic relationship, and explores both the opportunities of China's economic development for Korea and the prospects for Bilateral Economic cooperation. It is estimated that the Chinese economy will maintain dynamic growth for the coming decade. The 2008 Olympic Games and the 2010 World Expo in China will provide further impetuses for Chinese economic development. China's huge market and its rapid economic growth can help the further recovery and development of the Korean economy. At the same time, the further development of the Chinese economy can benefit from financial, technical and managerial support from Korea. The complementarities between the industrial structures of China and Korea will surely push their future economic cooperation into a broader and deeper stage. Bilateral trade will enhance the competitiveness of both nations in the global market and help them achieve mutual prosperity and development. (Edited by Xinyu Fan)     

东道国基础设施质量对中国进出口贸易的影响——基于“一带一路”沿线51个国家的实证分析

基础设施建设是经济社会发展的重要支撑,对国家经贸关系进一步发展具有桥梁作用。基于“一带一路”沿线51个国家2011—2019年面板数据,构建拓展引力模型实证分析东道国基础设施质量分别对中国进口与出口的影响。研究发现：东道国基础设施质量会显著促进中国的进口与出口贸易,但对中国进口贸易促进作用强于出口,且东道国GDP增长促进了中国进口与出口贸易增加,其对中国进口贸易促进作用大于出口;而东道国与中国的地理距离对中国进口贸易限制作用大于出口,东道国与中国为邻国、与中国具有共同语言及签订自由贸易协定会推动中国对其进出口贸易增长。在此基础上,提出促进中国与沿线国家进出口贸易的对策建议。     

基于Citespace的我国非农就业研究可视化分析

乡村振兴背景下,我国非农产业的迅速发展,而非农就业的比例也随之进一步扩大,对社会诸多方面带来深刻的变革和影响。基于Citespace进行可视化分析,对我国非农就业领域的研究热点、研究前沿与趋势进行图谱呈现,力求系统的阐释我国非农就业研究领域的内涵特征、实践价值、现状模式、发展方向等热点问题。以此为依据进行系统梳理,为推动我国非农就业领域实现高质量发展提供支持与依据。     

Host countries’ growth opportunities and China's outward FDI

In 2014, China proposed the Belt and Road policy, which has pushed China's outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) to over tens of billions of US dollars. However, existing studies have not reached a consensus about the decisive factors in China's OFDI. To verify whether China's OFDI activities are motivated by profits, this paper applies a measure of country‐specific growth opportunities adopted by Bekaert et al. (2007) to measure the growth opportunities of the target countries for China's OFDI. A multinational panel data model, based on data from 51 countries from 2003 to 2012, is used to explore the relationship between host countries’ growth opportunities and China's OFDI. Overall, the analysis finds that China's OFDI does not follow the host countries’ growth opportunities but exhibits different features toward developed countries and developing countries. For developed countries, China's OFDI follows host countries’ growth opportunities to some extent. In the case of developing countries, China's OFDI does not follow host countries’ growth opportunities. When we consider factors such as a host country's financial development and political stability, improvement in these factors improves the attractiveness of the host country to China's OFDI. It is also found that the 2008 global financial crisis did not have a very significant impact on China's OFDI activities.     

Beyond privatization: Institutional innovation and growth in China's large state-owned enterprises

This article demonstrates that China's large state-owned enterprises (SOEs) are not stagnant fossils waiting to die. Under economic reform policies this sector has undergone large change due to enhanced enterprise autonomy, the impact of market forces, rapid growth of domestic demand for upstream products, strategic integration with the world economy and the state's policy to promote large businesses. China's large SOEs are developing new institutional forms that do not neatly fit into existing patterns. China is experimentally changing its institutions through a combination of central policy, local initiative and interaction with international investment. This presents a challenge to the “transitional orthodoxy” and to ideas concerning property rights in development economics. There is not a universal model of property rights and government action that works best in all circumstances. China's experience with the reform of large SOEs shows the diverse possibilities for effective industrial institutions.     

Regional Environmental Performance and Its Determinants in China

A growing awareness of environmental quality hasplaced increasedpressure on China to improve environmental protection and regulations in the country. How have the regional economies in the country performed in terms of environmental efficiency？ The answer to this question is yet to be explored in the case of China. The objective of this paper is to present a quantitative analysis of environmental performance in China＇s regional economies and to examine the determinants of regional variation in performance. The findings are used to draw policy implications for environmental protection and are helpful in the discussion of China＇s future sustainable development.     

Openness and Economic Performance: A Comparative Study of China and the Asian NIEs

Being the world's largest developing economy, China's successful economic performance since 1978 has had a powerful impact on the global economy. Its open policy features an evolutionary process, involving the gradual liberalization of foreign exchange, international trade and foreign direct investments. This paper evaluates how this evolutionary process has contributed to China's economic success in comparison with the development experiences of the Asian newly industrialized economies (NIEs). It concludes that despite the economic crisis in 1997–98, China and the NIEs represent a successful development model, which is built upon openness and huge investments in physical and human capital.     

效率型服务业背景下的电影产业结构优化——基于2012-2017年电影票房数据的实证研究

地区经济发展水平的提升,可以加快服务业的升级,推动文化产品的消费。从效率型服务业角度探析了我国电影产业结构优化问题,总结了中国与美国电影产业发展现状与经验。通过收集2012—2017年电影票房与经济数据,实证检验了产业结构对于电影票房的影响机制。同时,提出促进我国电影产业结构优化的政策建议。     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this articles: The Emerging Asia-Pacific Era and the Regional Cooperation towards the Year 2000. Sustainable development Economic Policies for Sustainable Development. Edited by the Asian Development Bank Japan's economic outlook Japan's Growing External Assets: A Medium for Regional Growth? Edited by Susumu Awanohara. China's rural reforms China's Rural Industry: Structure, Development, and Reform. Edited by William A. Byrd and Lin Qingsong. Economics in the South Pacific Oceanic Economic Handbook. Edited by Euromonitor Malaysia's economy Growth and Ethnic Inequality: Malaysia's New Economic Policy. By Just Faaland, J. R. Parkinson and Rais Saniman. Malaysia's economy The Malaysian Economy: Spatial Perspectives. By George Cho. Malaysian challenge The Malaysian Economic Challenge in the 1990s: Transformation for Growth By Fong Chan Onn. Comparative study of capitalism Capitalism in Contrasting Cultures. Edited by Steward R. Glegg and S. Gordon Redding assisted by Monica Cartner. Philippine agrarian reform Toward an Alternative Land Reform Paradigm. By Y. Hayami, M. A. Quisumbing and L. Adriano. Global economy The New Global Economy and the Developing Countries: Essays in International Economics and Development. By G. K. Helleiner. China's wool industry The Wool Industry in China: Some Chinese Perspectives. Edited by John W. Longworth. China's technology strategy Industrialization and technological development in China. By Nobuo Mayuyama. Repeating Asian NICs success Trade, Finance and Developing Countries: Strategies and Constraints in the 1990s. By Sheila Page. China's forestry Forests and Forestry in China. By S. D. Richardson. Political economy in foreign policy The Political Economy of Singapore's Industrialization: National State and International Capital. By Garry Rodan. Political economy in foreign policy The Political Economy of Foreign Policy in Southeast Asia. Edited by David Wurfel and Bruce Burton. The Taiwan miracle The Foreign Factor, Studies in Economic, Social and Political Change: The Republic of China. By Chi schive. Korea's economic development The Rise of the Korean Economy. By Byung-Nak Song. Multilateral trade negotiations Services in Asia and the Pacific: Selected Papers, Volume One.     

China's monetary policy surprises and corporate real investment

We evaluate the effect of China's monetary policy shocks on corporate real investment. We propose a new approach to identify China's monetary policy shocks using high-frequency surprises based on treasury futures around monetary policy announcements as external instruments. We then estimate the dynamic effect of monetary policy shocks on corporate real investment using a rich firm-level data of all listed non-financial firms in China. We find that an unexpected monetary policy easing boosts firms' investment expenditures with heterogeneous dynamic responses across firms: small-sized firms have quicker responses than large-sized firms, especially for non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs). We show that sales revenue response could be the channel through which monetary policy shock transmits to non-SOEs' investment expenditures in China.     

China in Asia

China's surge to become the world's second largest economy and largest trading nation contributes greatly to Asia becoming the world's largest economic system. China is the nexus of intra-Asian trade and direct investment flows. China's rapid growth in the recent decade relied on a state-directed investment model, akin to the state-run Big Push growth model. As in most big push experiences, intermediate term success leads to economic stresses. China's leaders can no longer ignore obvious signs of rising malinvestment, corporate debts, environmental degradation, and social disparity, all amid an aging population and tightening resource constraints. China's economic slowdown also forces economic adjustment upon its neighbors, rendered more difficult by China's policy ambiguity and volatility. Sill, China can be a positive long term influence in Asia, especially as it carries its market reforms to completion.     

基于专利数据的中国石墨烯技术创新区域特征研究

依照不同省份区域石墨烯专利数量、技术领域、创新主体3个不同维度构建R-NFA动态分析框架,利用二维矩阵图归纳不同区域专利发展的3个维度具体特征,综合3个维度的各省份石墨烯专利数据,利用SPSS系统聚类发现,中国石墨烯技术创新发展区域可分为4个梯队,每一梯队表现出不同发展特征。研究的重要政策启示在于中国各省份区域石墨烯技术创新呈现差异化发展特征由各省份经济发展层次不同决定,在石墨烯助推中国深化供给侧改革和传统产业升级换代的大背景下,需要深刻审视中国石墨烯产业发展方向和阶段。     

Evolutionary Characteristics of China＇s Intermediate Manufactures

China's economic development is characterized by progressive integration with international production chains as an assembly producer. Japan and South Korea are the major partners providing intermediate products to China. The present paper analyzes the Chinese intermediate sector's present condition and evolutionary characteristics revealed in bilateral trade with Japan and South Korea. The analysis uses the framework of new trade theory represented by “intra‐industry trade”. Trade statistics from 1997 to 2004 are analyzed using the database published by the OECD. Results show that China's inter‐industrial evolution is characterized by its expanding positioning in the manner of the flying geese development paradigm of Asian countries. Furthermore, intra‐industrial evolution is characterized by a concentration on price competitiveness. The framework and results of the industrial analysis presented in this paper assist in the understanding of China's manufacturing evolution and of the policy‐making decisions taken in the process.     

Mercantilism and China's hunger for international reserves

This paper is motivated by the popular view that the surge in China's foreign exchange reserves is due to a distortionary exchange rate policy aimed at keeping the real exchange rate undervalued to support export-led growth. It undertakes an in-depth empirical investigation to quantify how much “mercantilist” and “precautionary” motives have contributed to the reserve build-up in China during 1998Q4-2011Q4. A substantial problem is that theory is consistent with employing two vastly differing approaches to defining and estimating the role of mercantilist reserve accumulation. A priori, either method could generate misleading results. The study shows, however, that the distinction between the two approaches is immaterial in China's case. The results suggest that mercantilism accounts for less than 10% of reserve accumulation. Precautionary motives and other factors seem to be the dominant determinants of the surge in China's international reserves.