信息来源与企业创新新颖度的关系研究

创新对于提高企业的竞争力具有至关重要的作用,因此企业创新新颖度的大小将直接影响企业的生存与发展。本文首先概括描述了各类信息来源,并将其分为四类,然后研究了各类信息来源与创新新颖度的关系,结果显示信息来源与企业创新新颖度关系十分密切,企业的信息来源越丰富,使用的信息来源越多,其创新性也呈现出越高的趋势。     

我国宏观消费率变化的实证研究

我国宏观消费率的下降程度应从宏观经济均衡运行的角度来判断,我国宏观消费率的下降主要原因是居民平均消费倾向的下降,宏观消费率的提高主要应从改善微观收入分配、转变经济增长方式、发行国债刺激消费等方面着手.     

Factor analysis of demand growth for information technology input in Japan

The purpose of this article is to decompose demand changes for factor input and explore the factor that information technology (IT) capital stock has largely increased in Japan. The Allen partial elasticities of substitution are calculated and the variations in factor input demand are broken down into two effects—price effect and output effect, using industry-level data. From an estimation of the total cost function, the following conclusions are presented. While IT capital stock and ordinary capital stock are complementary, IT serves as a substitute for labor. The factors influencing the high growth rate in IT capital stock are the decrease in the prices of IT and ordinary capital services, and the increase in the labor price, in addition to the output effect. On the other hand, labor demand declines due to both the downward rigidity of wages and the decrease in prices of two kinds of capital services.     

Incomplete information in the acid rain game

This paper provides a model that attempts to deal with the transboundary nature of the acid rain problem, using a game theoretic approach consistent with mainstream economic theory. The general forms of cooperative and non cooperative equilibria in explicit and implicit set-up of the model are presented under the assumptions of complete and incomplete information.     

On the timing of information release

We consider a simple principal-agent model in which moral hazard concerns can make it attractive to delay the release of valuable planning information. We also demonstrate that temporary manipulation of the content of the information released can be valuable.     

论信息技术创新共同体

信息技术创新共同体是指直接或间接卷入信息技术创新活动中的所有组织和个人。本文从信息技术行业的角度来探讨信息技术创新共同体的本质、特性，并以信息技术行业的创新为实例，探讨中国信息技术创新的努力方向。     

Contracts with endogenous information

I study covert information acquisition and reporting in a principal agent problem allowing for general technologies of information acquisition. When posteriors satisfy two dimensional versions of the standard First Order Stochastic Dominance and Concavity/Convexity of the Distribution Function conditions, a first-order approach is justified. Under the same conditions, informativeness and riskiness of reports are equivalent. High powered contracts, that make the agent's informational rents more risky, are used to increase incentives for information acquisition, insensitive contracts are used to reduce incentives for information gathering. The value of information to the agent is always positive. The value of information to the principal is ambiguous.     

论消费成本--消费研究与政策的新视野

在整个消费中,无一不涉及消费成本问题。但对消费成本在理论上却还没有十分明确与恰当的认识。将消费成本定义为"购买商品后在消费(使用)中所支付的一切费用及代价",由此,探讨其界定、形成、构成、特点、有关变动规律和对消费及其研究与政策的作用。如此等等,对于资源利用的提高、社会福利的增进、消费需求的扩大,社会经济中的任何一方,都是具有不可忽视的意义的。     

基于主体视角的国民收入分配格局研究——对中、日两国的实证比较

国民收入在居民、企业和政府之间的分配格局合理与否决定着居民福利水平的提高、企业的持续发展和公共服务的持续发展能否协调共进。中国与日本的国民收入分配格局存在着明显的差异。与日本相比,在国民收入初次分配和再分配中,中国住户部门的所得份额明显偏低,而企业部门和政府部门所得份额明显偏高,中国的国民收入分配格局存在着明显的向企业和政府倾斜的倾向。这对国内消费需求的增长、居民生活水平的提高和产业结构的升级都产生了不利的影响,应该采取提高劳动者报酬收入在国民收入初次分配中的比重、减轻居民税收负担、增加政府对居民的转移支出、放松对企业向职工提供补助和福利的管制等措施,提高居民在国民收入分配中的比重。     

Simultaneous versus sequential information processing

Subjects update prior information simultaneously versus sequentially. The mean prediction is remarkably close to the correct Bayesian estimate with simultaneous information, but differs significantly conditional on whether good news precedes bad news or vice versa.     

山西城镇中等收入群体的基本分析

根据山西的实际发展情况,城镇中等收入群体的标准界定可采用家庭人均可支配收入数值。中等收入群体的行业差别在山西十分明显,反映出山西产业结构的不合理。通过分析山西城镇居民中等收入群体的基本状况和消费特征,提出了扩大中等收入者比重的建议。     

Pessimistic information gathering

An agent gathers information on productivity shocks and accordingly produces on behalf of a principal. Information gathering is imperfect and whether it succeeds or not depends on the agent's effort. Contracting frictions come from the fact that the agent is pessimistic on the issue of information gathering, and there are both moral hazard in information gathering, private information on productivity shocks and moral hazard on operating effort. An optimal menu of linear contracts mixes high-powered, productivity-dependent screening options following “good news” with a fixed low-powered option otherwise.     

Firm-specific information and systemic risk

Although there is substantial literature linking news to the asset return volatility of a single asset, little attention has been paid to how news influences the relationships between firms. This paper addresses this issue by examining how firm-specific scheduled and unscheduled news arrivals influence the systemic risk of individual firms based on a sample of 47 US financial institutions. Whereas negative surprises from scheduled news announcements and a higher rate of unscheduled news both increase the systemic risk of a firm, positive news surprises decrease this systemic risk. In addition, negative scheduled news and a higher rate of unscheduled news across the sector increases the total connectedness or systemic risk across the sector as a whole. These effects are magnified when the market is already in distress. The results indicate that regulators should consider more than volatility and pay attention to the news flow when monitoring systemic risk.     

A comparative study of the mode of domestic and transborder information flows including data

Information flow for point to point communications is carried by means of mail, telegram, telex. facsimile, telephone and data communications. The amount of information carried by these media was analyzed for Japanese and U.S. domestic communications, as well as for U.S.-Japan transpacific communications. The total domestic and international information flows are found to be closely related with the gross domestic product (GDP) and the gross international trade, respectively. The effects of technological innovation, service inauguration and regulatory events on the change of information flow are also found.     

安徽省农村居民消费变化分析

居民的消费水平受多种因素的影响。从安徽省1995-2012年统计资料来看,农村居民收入的不断上升正在推动农村居民消费结构的变化,具体表现在三方面,一是住房和交通通讯以及文教娱乐支出的占比在迅速提高;二是生存型消费比例下降,发展型消费的占比上升,三是恩格尔系数在下降。因此加大对农村住房的建设投入力度促进农村居住类消费;提高农村基础教育水平和文化娱乐产品的开发引导文化娱乐类消费;加强农村道路,水电等基础设施的投入扩大农村居民对交通和通讯类产品的消费,将是今后提升安徽省农村居民消费水平的关键。     

供应链的交易成本分析及供产双方的博弈

本文通过传统供应链中供应商和制造商的讨价还价模型分析,论证了交易双方的交易成本不同,造成供应商和制造商之间的相互依赖关系不同,从而双方的机会主义行为倾向也不同.制造商可以通过与高质量的供应商建立长期的诚信的战略合作伙伴关系,以减少为讨价还价消耗的交易成本,同时也减少了双方机会主义行为所造成的损害.     

Elimination of arbitrage states in asymmetric information models

In a financial economy with asymmetric information and incomplete markets, we study how agents, having no model of how equilibrium prices are determined, may still refine their information by eliminating sequentially “arbitrage state(s)”, namely, the state(s) which would grant the agent an arbitrage, if realizable.      

谁来支付合作成本?——对乡村建设合作收益与合作成本问题的一般分析

由于农民合作社实现了以较低的内部合作成本对较高的外部交易成本的替代,使得农民通过社区内部多领域的合作,降低了成本,提高了收益,还获得了许多非经济收益,因而农民愿意支付合作成本,将合作社继续办下去。实际上,农民合作社的组织成本相对于外部人对农村资源的利用和价格支付是微乎其微的。只是由于显性收益(经济收益)太小,才导致了对显性成本(已经支付的物质成本)支付的捉襟见肘。而巨大的隐性收益(非经济收益)的获得,在支付隐性成本(机会成本)之余,也抵偿了部分显性成本支付上的不足。继续扩大隐性收益,并努力提高显性收益,才能解决合作社面临的成本支付问题。     

基于企业关系分析的供应链交易成本研究

企业竞争模式逐渐被供应链竞争所取代,原来作为企业竞争力量的供应商和购买者现在成为了供应链上的合作伙伴。然而作为不同的独立个体,上下游企业间存在交易成本,且构成了供应链组织间成本的最主要部分。通过对影响交易成本因素的分析,研究供应链中的企业间关系对交易成本大小的影响,进一步将广义的交易成本中作为质量保证价值活动的部分分离出来作为关系成本独立研究。以期秉承战略成本管理和系统管理的思想,通过付出关系成本更大幅度的降低交易成本,提升整体供应链的价值和竞争优势。     

项目投资决策风险分析方法研究——一种基于现金流量的边际分析方法

传统的投资项目评价理论中,对项目现金流量的评估和分析未能揭示现金流量构成在结构上的特征,因而难以刻划出项目投资决策的系统性风险所在。运用边际分析的方法,将现金流量的结构特征体现出来,可以更加突现对项目投资决策性风险的识别和化解方法。本文基于现金流量机构变化分析的这种研究方法构建了从决策风险到决策后果——现金流量系统的一种新的分析理论,我们可称之为“RiskofInvestment-CashFlow(RI—CF)理论”。作为一种新的尝试,这种分析方式也可以被运用到其他更多对象上去。