基于LabVIEW的滚动轴承故障智能诊断系统

利用LabVIEW平台开发了齿轮故障诊断系统。系统主要采用共振解调诊断和BP神经网络诊断两种方法。共振解调诊断由Hilbert解调和小波包解调实现故障频率识别;BP神经网络诊断由对有量纲和无量纲参量提取的特征以及根据小波相对能量提取的特征作为神经网络的输入向量,轴承的故障类型作为输出向量,采用神经网络对轴承进行诊断,实验结果表明:通过解调和神经网络诊断,该系统能有效识别齿轮故障,确定故障类型。     

基于BP神经网络及Pearson相关系数的风机发电机轴承温升故障诊断研究

发电机轴承温升高是直驱风力发电机频发的故障,易导致风机长时间停机,维修难度大,造成设备重大损失。通过建立基于BP神经网络和Pearson相关系数的发电机轴承温升故障诊断模型,并以湖北荆门某风电场为例,试验结果表明:该方法能够较准确预测风机发电机轴承温升变化,通过将温度预测值与正常工况下的温度值进行误差对比,判断发电机是否处于正常工状,实现发电机潜在故障的预警,为风力发电机的故障诊断提供了一种切实可行的方法。     

基于遗传神经网络的机械故障诊断

本文针对BP神经网络存在的不足,将遗传算法和BP神经网络有机结合起来,利用遗传算法的全局搜索能力优化了神经网络的初始权值和阈值,并将其应用于机械故障诊断。结果表明,在MATLAB环境下进行仿真试验,这种方法能够有效进行故障识别、提高故障诊断精度。     

基于非线性主成分分析的信用评估模型研究

传统的主成分分析（PCA）本质上是一种线性映射算法,无法有效处理非线性关系的数据。本文在分析自联想神经网络（AANN）的基础上,借鉴传统PCA方法中的序数主成分概念,提出了基于顺序自联想神经网络（SAANN）的非线性主成分分析法（NLPCA）。进一步,结合神经网络（NN）和Logisitic模型,以我国上市公司为研究对象,分别构建了基于NLPCA-NN和NLPCA-Logisitic的信用评估模型。实证结果及ROC曲线分析表明,本文构建的NLPCA相比传统的线性PCA方法能有效地实现数据的非线性特征提取与降维,提高模型预测性能。此外,实证结果还表明,在相同PCA方法处理数据的条件下,神经网络模型的信用评估效果要好于Logisitic模型。     

装备故障诊断方法研究

分析了神经网络故障诊断的特点,构建了神经网络的装备故障诊断模型,克服了传统故障诊断的缺点,并用某型装备故障的数据进行了验证,结果表明了神经网络诊断故障是一种有效的诊断方法。     

基于PNN网络的油井功图识别方法

油井功图是油井工况诊断的重要依据,快速准确地识别油井功图对于提高油田作业效率具有重要意义。传统的人工相面法识别示功图无法实现油井工况的实时在线诊断,而BP神经网络法识别准确率较低,因此提出一种基于概率神经网络的油井功图识别方法。该方法通过提取功图数据的面积特征、特征向量和载荷曲线的傅里叶逼近特征作为油井功图的特征值,PNN网络用特征值作为输入对油井工况进行诊断。实验结果表明与BP网络相比使用PNN网络根据功图提取特征进行油井功图识别时能够达到更高的识别效率。     

基于RBF神经网络的过程质量诊断研究

对控制图模式识别方法的提高与改进是改善过程工业质量诊断和质量控制的关键。利用RBF神经网络设计了过程质量诊断模型,然后用K-means聚类算法确定隐含层RBF神经网络节点数,最小二乘学习算法对网络进行学习训练,并利用MATLAB7.0对网络进行仿真,结果表明该方法比传统方法能够较快地识别出控制图的异常模式,且具有较高的识别精度,能够达到过程质量诊断的要求。     

故障预测技术在武器装备中的应用及发展

随着高技术武器装备的相继列装,对新装备进行有效的状态监控和故障预测就成为技术保障的重点。为了使装备保障人员更好的了解故障预测技术及其作用,简要介绍了故障预测技术及其类别。重点总结了故障预测技术在武器装备中的应用现状,主要包括专家系统、灰色模型、神经网络、支持向量机以及其他一些故障预测方法在装备故障预测中的应用。通过总结当前的研究成果,指出了故障预测技术今后发展的若干方向。     

基于边际谱的优越性在风电机组轴承故障诊断的应用

为了保障风力发电机组的安全运行,对其进行状态监测和故障诊断是非常重要的。对于非平稳信号,传统方法傅里叶变换(FFT)不能很好地进行分析。文中提出了在希尔伯特黄变换的基础上,对希尔伯特谱进行积分,求取边际谱的方法。以某台风力发电机组轴承内圈故障为例,将该方法与传统FFT,希尔伯特时频谱进行比较。结果表明,边际谱可以很好地检测轴承故障特征频率,也验证了该方法对非平稳信号分析的有效性。     

电力通信网设备故障评估方法的研究

对电力通信网可靠性的研究来源于对电力通信网设备故障的研究,因此,对电力通信网设备故障评估方法的研究是非常有意义的.本文采用 K-均值聚类方法对电力通信网故障情况进行分类,采用径向基神经网络方法对故障分类情况建立神经网络模型,其中,采用粗糙集方法降低训练神经网络时的网络输入维数,利用反映故障情况的故障综合指数确定故障等级.最后,用该方法解决一个实例问题来展现其优势.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.