The Economic Benefits of Nutrition Labeling: A Case Study for Fresh Meat and Poultry Products

New rules issued by the U.S. Department of Agriculture requiring provision of nutrition information on raw meat and poultry products may encourage consumers to make healthier food choices. Reduced intake of fat and cholesterol may prevent future cases of stroke, heart disease, and cancer. The benefits of these rules are estimated to be $62 to $125 million annually.     

Consumer Preferences for Safe Handling Labels on Meat and Poultry

In August 1993, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced a rule requiring safe handling labels on meat and poultry to help prevent foodborne illnesses caused by improper food handling. The authors conducted focus groups with household food preparers to help USDA develop an effective label format. Most participants preferred labels with SHORT instructions, ICONS, and an explanation WHY it is important to follow the instructions.     

SPS对我国禽肉出口影响的经济学分析

SPS(Sanitary and Phyto-sanitary Agreement)(卫生与动植物检疫)措施是与风险密切相关的技术性贸易措施,SPS协议是用来规范成员国SPS措施的世贸组织协议,是成员国必须遵守的章程。目前SPS措施壁垒已成为中国禽肉出口的主要障碍。本文运用经济学局部均衡分析框架分析了SPS措施对我国禽肉出口的影响效应。研究认为,SPS措施对禽肉出口的短期影响为数量限制,而长期影响则表现为贸易限制(禁止)和贸易转移效应,最后用实证案例对SPS措施产生的贸易效应进行了验证。针对SPS措施的影响,认为加强我国防疫体系建设,建设无规定疫病区,严格控制药物使用和残留监控,采用HACCP认证等提高我国SPS水平,以较高的遵从成本换取更高的遵从收益。     

Comparable Worth: An Economic and Ethical Analysis

This article examines the legal, economic, and ethical arguments supporting and opposing comparable worth. The co- authors advance opposing views on the wisdom of adopting comparable worth as a public policy, and those views are not reconciled within the limits of this essay.     

气相色谱法测定禽肉中二氯二甲吡啶酚残留量的研究

二氯二甲吡啶酚是一种抗球虫药物,被广泛用于禽类动物的饲养过程中。对人体的免疫系统有慢性损害,因此各国对该化合物在禽肉中的残留限量有严格的规定,大多数国家规定禽肉中二氯二甲基吡啶酚的残留限量是5μg/kg。本文改进现有的检测方法,用甲醇提取禽肉中的二氯二甲吡啶酚、氧化铝固相萃取柱净化、丙酸酐衍生化、正己烷提取进样、气相色谱仪配HP-5石英毛细管气相色谱柱、ECD检测器测定,能更方便、快速和准确的测定禽肉中二氯二甲吡啶酚的含量。实验结果表明,该方法具有良好的线性响应,相关系数在0.995 0~1.000,最低检出限为0.002 mg/kg,加标回收率在92%~102%。     

Environmentally Sustainable Meat Consumption: An Analysis of the Norwegian Public Debate

Private consumption is increasingly being blamed for resource depletion and environmental degradation, and the discourse of ascribing environmental responsibility to the individual consumer has become a part of mainstream policy-making. Measures aimed at promoting consumers' voluntary engagement through sustainable consumption now constitute an important part of public sustainability strategies. Nevertheless, the actual progress made in changing people's consumptions patterns in a more sustainable direction has been modest. Based on a quantitative and a qualitative content analysis of articles on environmentally sustainable consumption of meat published in five national and regional newspapers in Norway between 2000 and 2010, it is argued in this article that an important reason for the lack of both political and consumer engagement in the issue can be attributed to a discursive confusion that arises from a simultaneous existence of mainly two clashing discourses on what is actually environmentally sustainable consumption of meat. One that is focussing on the environmentally malign aspects of consumption and production of (especially) red meat, and another that is focussing on the environmentally benign aspects of production and consumption of red meat. The findings imply that the lack of consensus on the character of the problem constitutes a major barrier for the opportunity to change people's consumption patterns in a more environmentally sustainable direction through the use of voluntary measures.     

Wealth and Income Inequality: An Economic and Ethical Analysis

I perform an economic and ethical analysis on wealth and income inequality. Economists have performed many statistical studies that reveal a number of, often contradictory, findings in connection with the distribution of wealth and income. Hence, the statistical findings leave us with no better knowledge of the effects that inequality has on economic progress. At the same time, the existing theoretical results have not provided us with a definitive answer concerning the effects of inequality on progress. By gaining knowledge of the nature of inequality, and bringing basic economic principles to bear on the subject, we can come to an understanding of what the causal relationship is between inequality and economic progress. Furthermore, I apply a new theory of ethics – rational egoism – to assess economic inequality. I show that, in the right context, economic inequality is both economically and morally desirable.     

网络营销的经济分析

一、网络营销产生的背景 网络营销(cyber marketing),是指借助联机网络,电脑通讯和数字交互式媒体来实现的一种营销方式.网络营销中的"cyber"一词在字典中解释为"控制复杂系统的科学",而在实际应用中,其含义还演化为电脑和通讯实现交汇的无形的"空间".网络营销的产生,是科技发展、消费者价值变革、商业竞争等因素共同作用的综合结果.     

对司法实践的经济学分析

法律与经济之间存在密不可分的联系.但将经济学分析方法引入法律领域却是一个全新的课题.对司法实践进行经济学分析.有助于明晰经济学分析方法,实现维护公平正义的司法价值目标:有助于均衡成本和收益,促进经济发展,维护社会和谐稳定;有助于促进司法资源优化配置.推动司法实践改革工作长远发展;有助于加大立法改革力度,进一步改善司法与立法脱节的现象.司法工作人员应在司法实践中充分领会经济学分析的效益内涵,通过树立正确的工作价值观、权力观,深入开展各种形式的监督、整治、纠查活动.大力开展法律援助工作,将经济学分析的方法和精神贯穿到保障人权、维护社会稳定、服务经济建设等各项司法实践活动中去,以实现司法效益和社会经济效益的最大化.为构建和谐社会与促进经济可持续发展作出贡献. 义的司法价值目标:有助于均衡成本和收益,促进经济发展,维护社会和谐稳定;有助于促进司法资源优化配置.推动司法实践改革工作长远发展;有助于加大立法改革力度,进一步改善司法与立法脱节的现象.司法工作人员应在司法实践中充分领会经济学分析的效益内涵,通过树立正确的工作价值观、权力观,深入开展各种形式的监督、整治、纠查活动.大力开展法律援助工作,将经济学分析的方法和精神 穿到保障人权、维护社会稳定、服务经济建设等各项司法实践活动中去,以实现司法效益和社会经济效益的最大化.为构建和谐社会与促进经济可持续发展作出贡献. 义的司法价值目标:有助于均衡成本和收益,促进经济发展,维护社会和谐稳定;有助于促进司法资源优化配置.推动司法     

中国经济对外开放的度量分析

经济开放度是衡量一国经济开放性的综合性指标，体现了一国经济融入世界经济的程度，也是一国参与国际商品市场和国际金融市场活动的水平。经济开放度的度量是研究经济开放与经济增长的关系的基础，本文在前人研究的基础上，对开放度的度量进行新的研究尝试。     

股市财富与消费的经济学分析

在美国"9.11"恐怖事件发生之前,美国股市经历了长久繁荣.20世纪90年代,美国人增加的财富中有超过60%的部分是源于家庭持有的股票价值的上升,股价的上涨使得美国拥有百万美元财产的家庭数在2000年超过500万.本文主要以美国为例,研究股市财富效应对家庭消费行为的影响.有证据显示,20世纪90年代的股市上涨确实提高了家庭消费的水平.即使实际的财富边际消费倾向比许多宏观经济模型计算的结果要低,但在过去10年中财富累积数量的增加仍然使得总的消费支出增多了.     

The Determinants of Regulatory Compliance: An Analysis of Insider Trading Disclosures in Italy

This paper investigates the determinants of regulatory compliance in corporate organizations. Exploiting a unique enforcement and reporting framework for insider trading in Italy, we present three main findings. First, board governance, such as chief executive–chairman duality and the proportion of non-executive directors, does not increase the propensity of firms to comply with regulation. Second, family firms and firms with a high degree of separation of ownership from control are most likely to comply with regulation. Third, corporate ethos is more important in predicting regulatory compliance than explicit corporate governance structures.     

网络信息污染的经济学分析

网络信息污染已经威胁到了网络的生态环境,影响着社会及经济活动。本文从效用函数、生产函数及机会成本等三个角度对信息污染问题进行了经济学分析,认为就网络信息而言,不能一概地认为越多越好,必须根据其质量、所使用的环境、对象、可控性及可组织性等具体问题具体分析;污染的、杂乱无章的以及相对过载的信息只能导致效率的下降;治理网络信息污染已经成为当今社会所面临的刻不容缓的问题。     

Behavioral Ethics: A Critique and a Proposal

The interaction between static and dynamic facets in organizational ambidexterity produces “change” energy for the organization. The purpose of the research therefore is to examine the predicting role of organizational ambidexterity for entrepreneurial orientation and idiosyncratic deals (i-deals). The moderating role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the effect of organizational ambidexterity on entrepreneurial orientation was also investigated. The cross-sectional data for SEM-based analysis were garnered from 427 supervisor-subordinate dyads from software companies in Vietnam business setting. The research findings confirmed the positive relationship between organizational ambidexterity and entrepreneurial orientation, which was moderated by CSR. Entrepreneurial orientation was also found as a strong predictor of i-deals.     

预包装食品标签相关规定及标签标志错误分析

预包装食品标签上的产品信息是消费者购买产品的重要依据,也是食品质量安全管理的重要内容之一。本文依据GB 7718-2011《食品安全国家标准预包装食品标签通则》探讨预包装食品标签目前存在的问题。     

中国进口与经济增长关系研究

通过对中国1980—2009年进口总量及进口商品结构进行分析,发现进口贸易与经济增长之间存在长期稳定的关系,特别是工业制成品进口对经济增长有着显著的促进作用。在此基础上提出进一步扩大进口及优化进口结构的对策建议。     

人力资本、南北贸易与经济增长:一个分析框架

在Dixit和Norman、Grossman和Helpman的基础上构造了一个以人力资本为基础的内生技术变迁的国际贸易模型来考察南北贸易对经济增长的动态影响。和以前的文献不同,假定不存在技术的外部性,只存在人力资本的外部性,人力资本积累既是经济增长的源泉,又是贸易影响经济增长的动态机制的决定力量。初始人力资本禀赋决定着贸易分工,人力资本相对积累率决定着分工模式的演变和创新能力的消长,从而决定着长期增长率。因而,对于南方国家而言,提高人力资本积累率是其改变分工地位、提高创新能力、缩小经济差距甚至在长期内实现经济赶超的根本选择。     

金融发展与经济增长的实证分析

上海是国内最重要的金融市场中心,是中国大陆地区重要的金融中心城市。20世纪90年代起,上海迈出了建设国际金融中心的步伐,上海已成为中国金融对外开放的窗口和金融改革创新的平台。在国家政策的指引下,中外金融机构优先向上海聚集。自1992年起,上海国民经济连续14年以两位数的速度增长。金融是经济的核心,在上海国民经济高速增长的背后,应该有金融的贡献。上海经济增长和金融发展之间的关系如何,是经济增长导致了金融发展?还是金融发展促进了经济增长?应