A new perspective on antebellum slavery: Public policy and slave prices

Modern economic historians have focused their attention on the supervision and productivity of slavery and have largely ignored the roles that public policy and slave security played in the profitability of antebellum slavery. Other scholars have focused on the public security policy in the slave codes, but only as a determinant of the legal status of slaves, not their economic value. This paper investigates the relationship between slave prices and two public policies that enhanced slave security: manumission laws and slave patrol statutes. The evidence suggests that these policies were associated with slave prices and that public policy did play a significant role in the security of slave property and, thus, the viability and profitability of slavery in the Antebellum South.     

出口、企业生产率与企业创新

本文用2007年中国企业数据为样本,利用Logit模型分析了以全要素生产率为代表的企业异质性以及出口对企业创新的影响。得出如下结论:①全要素生产率和出口对企业的创新倾向具有显著的正效应。②企业创新倾向呈现地理位置和所有制类型差异。     

新型银企关系与国企改革

国有企业的改革和发展关系到我国经济体制改革进程和社会经济的持续发展,也与整个金融业的稳定健康发展息息相关。改革开放以来,银企关系从计划经济体制下的行政管理服务关系,逐步向市场化法人实体之间商业服务关系过渡,但与现代商业银行制度和现代企业制度的改革目标相比,银企关系改革尚未取得实质性突破。银企市场关系的信用基础脆弱,银行信贷资产的风险不断加大,国有企业依然面临经营困难、社会负担重等现实问题,迫切需要银行的支持。因此,应建立新型的银企关系,以强化银行对国有企业改革和发展的支持。     

民营企业机制创新与企业竞争力提升

改革开放以来，我国民营企业呈现出波浪型的发展态势，本文通过对近几年来我国民营企业发展的研究，探索我国民营企业在管理思想、管理体制等方面存在的一些问题，找出影响民营企业进一步发展壮大的原因，探讨民营企业应该如何扬长避短，提高企业竞争力，促进民营企业健康发展。     

Plantation accounting and management practices in the US and the British West Indies at the end of their slavery eras1

This article examines comparatively the slavery systems of the US and the British West Indies before and after their respective emancipations. The primary focus is on how differential factors in the two plantation economies, such as racial control, labour structures, and governmental mandates, impacted the development of accounting and those performing accounting functions. Other factors, such as plantation size and ownership structure, not only influenced accounting practices but management issues as well. These factors resulted in the substantially greater development of accounting in the British Caribbean, both in terms of the number of practitioners and the volume and uniformity of accounting records.     

Colonization and education: exploring the legacy of local elites in Korea

In this article we examine the impact of pre‐colonial educated elites and colonization on modernization. Using the case of Joseon, as Korea was known before being colonized by Japan in 1910, we investigate how the civil exam system and scholarly traditions, as well as the provision of public schools under Japanese colonial rule, influenced levels of literacy in the colony. We introduce novel data from Joseon's historical court examination archives, colonial education records, and censuses dating back to 1930. Our findings suggest that the spread of Korean literacy during the early colonial period was strongly correlated with the historical presence of civil exam passers from the Joseon Dynasty. Regions with a greater presence of educated elites later had higher numbers of Korean teachers, as well as more private schools established as alternatives to the colonial public schools.     

Occupations after WWII: The legacy of Rosie the Riveter

WWII mobilization led to a permanent increase in female employment. Using Census micro data we study the effects of this increase on the occupations women held after the war. Almost three decades after its end, WWII had lasting effects on the occupational landscape. For women of working age in the early 1940s, the war caused a permanent shift towards blue-collar occupations – particularly in manufacturing and service jobs – and a decline in employment in white-collar jobs. A reduction in educational attainment due to the draft, accumulation of occupation-specific experience and relatively high wages in blue-collar sectors can largely account for these patterns. WWII mobilization also influenced the occupational outcomes of the next generation of women who were too young to be working at the time of the war. This cohort shifted away from lower-skill jobs and towards clerical occupations.     

校企协同推进广东企业科普活动的企业需求导向策略

校企协同推进广东企业科普活动可以采取企业需求导向策略,即结合企业不同发展阶段、内部建设、产品开发、市场开发、外部产业发展等方面的不同需要协同推进,以更加有效地实现创新发展。     

实施企业专利战略 推动企业技术创新

技术创新是企业参与激烈市场竞争的根本优势,企业专利战略是促进企业技术创新的重要保障。文章在分析专利战略对促进企业技术创新的重要作用和企业实施专利战略存在问题的基础上,着重从提高实施企业专利战略的认识、加强企业专利管理、专利战略的具体实施、优化企业专利战略的环境等方面对企业实施专利战略,推动企业技术创新的对策进行了探讨。     

基于人力资本的企业发展战略

专用性人力资本存量和质量决定企业发展空间、路径和边界,支撑企业竞争优势,基于此提出了人力资本企业持续发展战略,包括:人力资本的积累战略、人力资本整合战略和积聚战略。     

营改增背景下企业财务管理策略优化研究

财务管理是企业管理的核心与关键,科学的财务管理,不仅能够优化企业的经营发展效益,同时能够在很大程度上提升企业的核心竞争力。文章分析了在营改增背景下,企业在财务管理实践中应该正视它的影响,运用科学有效的策略,全面优化企业财务管理的水平,综合优化企业财务管理的成效,整体推动企业健康可持续发展。     

浅析企业集群与我国中小企业的发展

中小企业是我国国民经济的一支重要力量，在经济发展中发挥重要的战略作用。根据《中国统计年鉴（2004）》统计，截至2003年底，中小企业已达到194274个，占企业总数的99％。中小企业吸纳的就业人员、工业总产值、实现利税、出口总额分别占全国总量的76％、60％、40％、60％，说明中小企业在促进就业、推进技术进步、扩大出口、增强经济活力等方面发挥了不可替代的作用。但我国中小企业由于其自身的缺陷和外部环境的制约因素，面临发展水平低、效益差、竞争能力弱等问题。对于这些问题，很多学者从宏观层面和微观层面出发，探讨我国中小企业发展的对策，而忽略从中观层面即企业组织角度进行分析。事实上，中小企业之间的产业组织结构直接关系到中小企业的发展状况。     

长江口海岸带综合管理对策—以上海市崇明岛为例

企业的核心竞争力来自企业价值链上某些特定的战略环节,营销是企业价值链中重要一环,因此就我国多数实业型企业而言,当前营销创新的中心是注重培育以科技研发和销售网络为支撑的营销核心竞争力。企业营销创新涉及的基本要素可归结为五个流:商流、物流、信息流、智力流和资金流。营销管理创新就是通过对产业价值链中五个流的动态控制、适时协调、实施资源的合理整     

民营企业管理问题与对策措施

江浙地区向来盛产商贾，远有“红顶商人”胡雪岩，近有正泰电器南存辉。改革开放后江浙的私营企业抓住良好的机遇蓬勃发展，在服装、皮鞋、皮具、低压和家用电器等许多行业涌现出大批具有实力的企业。经过传奇般的创业发家和近10年的迅速拓展后，江浙民营经济已出现分化。部分企业历经市场的洗礼后逐步成长为闻名一方的行业巨人，但多数企业未能更上一层楼而停滞不前。     

营销与企业核心竞争力

企业的核心竞争力来自企业价值链上某些特定的战略环节,营销是企业价值链中重要一环,因此就我国多数实业型企业而言,当前营销创新的中心是注重培育以科技研发和销售网络为支撑的营销核心竞争力。企业营销创新涉及的基本要素可归结为五个流:商流、物流、信息流、智力流和资金流。营销管理创新就是通过对产业价值链中五个流的动态控制、适时协调、实施资源的合理整