云南山区生态农业产业发展思路与对策

山区农业是云南农业发展的一大难题,资源开发与生态环境问题一直是西部开发战略的核心,实现经济与环境持续发展,在生态系统承载能力范围内,充分发挥生态优势,依托地域优势,采用积极有效的经营机制,对提高农业生态系统生态能力,实现生态、经济和社会效益具有重要的意义,也是解决＂三农＂问题,建立和谐社会主义新农村必须面对的问题。面对云南山区农业令人担忧的现状,以生态农业产业为出发点,对云南山区生态农业的发展进行分析,提出了发展云南山区生态农业产业的基本思路和对策。     

山东石灰岩山区生态经济农业发展战略研究

本文分析了山东石灰岩山区生态环境的特点,认为造成农业生态系统退化的原因是脆弱的生态环境和长期人为干扰.分析了石灰岩山区农业持续发展面临的主要问题是粗放的农业生产方式和薄弱的农业经济基础.提出石灰岩山区农业持续发展的途径主要是重建山区生态环境,发展生态经济农业;因地制宜,开发山区自然资源,发展高效特产型农业;增加资金和科技投入,发展精确农业.     

山东石灰灰岩山区生态经济农业发展战略研究

本文分析了山东石灰岩山区环境的特点,认为造成农业生态系统退化的原因是脆弱的生态环境和长期人为干扰,认为了石灰岩山区农业持续发展面临的主要问题是粗放的农业生产方式和薄弱的农业经济基础,提出石灰岩山区农业技术发展的途径主要是：重建山区生态环境,发展生态经济农业,因地制宜,开发山区自然资源,发展高效持产型农业,增加资金和科技投入,发展精确农业。     

试论宣威县坡耕地生态经济系统开发

坡耕地是南方山区生态经济系统中最脆弱、对全局影响最大的一个子系统。在云南东北部,尤其是宣威县东北部,坡耕地农业长期处于生态经济恶性循环的困境之中,这不仅是山区农村脱贫致富的障碍,而且已经威胁到平地农业的繁荣甚至整个区域的发展前景。本文作为宣威县坡耕地生态经济建设的系列研究之一,旨在通过系统分析探讨系统开发的目标和     

关於山西农业发展方向的思考

山西农业向何处去?直接影响着全省2000年各项经济目标的实现。本文就这一问题谈点粗浅看法。山西农业发展方向应是生态农业和石油农业的结合(一) 山区生态环境的失调,限制着农业的发展,因此,山区农业必须走生态农业的道路。当前山西农业生产存在的主要问题,是     

长江三角洲生态稻作模式及其效应的比较分析

农业生产对长江三角洲农业环境的影响,一直是社会广泛关注的焦点。水稻种植是长江三角洲农业生产的主要方式。以江苏省为例,在田间试验、农户调查和文献收集的基础上,分析了该省主要生态稻作模式的技术特征及其环境和经济效应。调查和分析结果显示:(1)江苏省生态稻作主要有稻鸭共作型(丹阳)、环境友好型(吴江)和沼气复合型(淮阴)三种典型模式;(2)这三种稻作模式在土壤肥力、生态环境和经济效益上存在一定的差异,但均显著高于当地常规的集约化稻作模式。为了进一步促进该区生态稻作模式的发展,以有效的方式减轻长江三角洲地区的农业环境问题,文章就配套政策方面提出了一些建设性建议。     

武陵山区农业产业结构调整的现状与对策研究

近年来,由于观念等方面的制约,武陵山区农业产业结构依然存在着诸如服务不到位、规模难扩大和产业链难以形成等诸多亟待解决的问题。因此,武陵山区农业产业结构调整需要从区域布局、产品质量、农副产品产业链和农业经营方式等几个方面入手,从而最终达到促进武陵山区区域经济持续健康发展的目标。     

资源型城市转型与循环经济发展--以黑龙江省伊春市为例

随着人类对资源的不断利用,资源型城市大都面临着转型问题,如何实现资源型城市的可持续发展,既是一个需要研究的理论问题,更是一个亟待解决的实际问题。通过伊春市经济资本和技术资本发展困境分析,采用生态足迹方法计算了资源型城市伊春市2003年的生态足迹,得出此地区尚未出现生态赤字,但对它的转型却迫在眉睫,据此提出了伊春市应向循环经济型生态城市转型的思路及实现路径和方法。     

发展草食畜牧业是振兴赣南农村经济的战略重点

赣南既是老区又是山区,它不仅地下矿产资源种类繁多,而且地表农业资源也极为丰富。怎样化本区农业资源优势为经济优势,走具有自己特色的农村经济发展道路,是推动赣南经济全面发展的战略问题之一。(一)地利与天时是赣南农业全面发展的两大优势条件。赣南下辖18市、县,人口为641.35万,其中农村人口为566.16万,土地总面积39.083平方公里,界于东经113°54′～116°38′和北纬24°24′～27°09′之间。古生代原为大海,至中生代经多次造山运动到燕山运动和新构造运物,才奠定了今日地貌的基本轮廓。再经近代地质外力内营的作用,形成了当前多姿的地形外貌。全区东、南、西环山,     

临朐发展生态农业的模式分析

本文以山东省临朐县为例，分析了砂石山区农业生态环境的特点，提出改善其农业生态环境的主要途径－发展生态农业，重点给出几种适合砂石山区生态农业发展的综合模式，梯度开发，农林立体间套式，食物链循环模式，并对模式的经济、生态效益进行了分析，指出发展生态农业是砂石山区发展农村经济、改善农业生态环境的最佳途径。     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

西部地区人力资本投资与知识化发展

人力资本投资在推动知识化发展的过程中存在自增强机制，通过促进人力资本保值增值，进行人力资源合理配置，改善配置环境和配置政策、完善配套措施，有助于充分发挥这一机制的功能，从而实现西部地区知识化发展。     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.     

Inter-enterprise arrears in economies in transition

In the context of economies in transition, the paper argues that an excessive liquidity squeeze could throw the economy into a persistent state of low economic activity. In such bad equilibrium, enterprise transactions become largely demonetized, with a chain of arrears, a form of involuntary credit, spreading over the entire system. The empirical analysis of the Romanian experience seems to support the view advanced in the paper.