大学生考试作弊心理分析及应对措施

考试作弊不仅影响学风、校风,影响高校人才培养人才的质量,而且损害大学生的社会形象。现通过分析大学生作弊心理特征,为遏制考试作弊提出了基本构想,即必须加强诚信教育、改善社会诚信环境、完善考试监管制度、改革考试内容和形式。     

老师，请不要教学生作弊

高考、中考、会考、期末考试,还有许多地方名目多样的抽考、竞赛等等蜂拥而至,构成了考试“高潮”。 考前各类媒体上反复提醒要防止作弊,有关部门也提出了相关建议,比如让考生签字承诺“诚信考试”,甚至还出台了比较严厉的惩罚措施。这一切恰恰说明,考试作弊现象的严重程度不只是需要社会各方面给予足够的关注,已经发展到了十分猖獗而令人担忧的地步了。 考试作弊何以至此?学校以及教师应当负第一责任。     

试论当前我国企业的诚信缺失及其规制

诚信是企业应具备的职业道德,是企业的无形资产。但是,前不久发生的“三聚氰胺毒奶粉”事件,进一步暴露我国企业诚信缺失的问题,这些问题既有发生在企业内部的,也有发生在企业外部的,而且愈演愈烈,严重地威胁着人们的生命财产安全,也给企业的发展带来了巨大障碍。为此,必须通过营造社会诚信氛围、完善企业诚信的法律体系建设、加大惩罚和监管力度以及建立现代企业制度等途径加强企业诚信缺失的规制。     

浅谈大学生考试作弊之现象

大学生，这个接受了中国正规教育至少十二年的特殊群体，考试作弊现象很普遍，引起社会的强烈关注。他们摈弃诚信的同时，却很少“知羞”、“认错”，更何谈知耻而后勇。这不禁让人感到难过、困惑、悲哀、反恩，而我们的教育才是症结所在。     

大学英语四六级考试作弊现象透析及对策研究

大学英语四六级考试在大学教育中具有重要的地位和作用。现今大学英语四六级存在各种各样的作弊现象，这些不正之风将严重影响大学教育体制，对大学生的诚信价值存在严重的挑战，就大学四六级考试的作弊现象进行分析，并提出初步对策，对于规范大学四六级考试，纠正不正之风具有重要的意义。     

论高校考试中的博弈及对策

当前高校考试作弊丑闻日益增多。针对屡禁不止的考试作弊现象，应依何种方式进行的监管？本文从作弊密切的对象：即学校，学生群体出发，运用博弈论模型分析学校和学生之间的博弈关系，找出其发生的内在原因，并提出了解决及改进的对策。     

考试作弊现象的现状、根源与对策

该文分析了考试作弊现象的现状,论述了引起学生考试作弊的主观因素和客观因素,并从加强思想教育、改革“应试教育”的教学方式、改进考试方式、严格完善考试管理制度、制定相应的法律法规、采取积极的就业政策等方面提出防治考试作弊的对策。     

灰色的考试

笔是一个有着近二十年教龄的农村小学教师，通过大量的调查发现：农村小学频频组织的考试，很多是灰色的，难以体现考试的公正与结果的真实。尤其是小考，其作弊现象之严重，作弊手段之纷繁复杂，真是令人叹为观止。依其作弊对成绩的影响力大小可分为大运作和小动作两种。     

新时期大学生诚信教育辨析

目前,大学生诚信缺失严重,考试作弊、就业违约、借贷不还、交往不真诚是其突出表现。导致不诚信的原因是家庭、学校相关教育的缺失和自身修养的缺失。提升大学生诚信水平,需要发挥思想政治理论课的诚信教育功能,建设高素质的诚信教育队伍,加强校园诚信文化建设,营造诚信的社会环境。     

教育产业化终酿作弊恶果

6月,是考试的季节,高考、中考、英语四、六级考试…… 对学生而言,这个季节像秋天对农人一样,是收获的季节,但是,各地频频爆出的作弊丑闻,像游动着的黑色幽灵,使收获的喜悦夹杂着一丝苦涩。 有考试就有作弊,就有想投机取巧的人,本不足为奇,令人忧虑的是,考试作弊已从过去那种夹带、小抄、冒名顶替式的单打独斗,发展到“集团化”作战,比如河南濮阳、镇平的高考作弊事件,不仅学生参与(有中学生,还有学法律的大学生),更有老师参与,且呈现跨地域的特点;英语四级考试尚未开始——考前7小时,考试的作文题目就赫然挂在了国内一网站的页面上;湖南衡阳,中考前一天,只要等到晚上十点半,当地考生(主要是城里的学生)便可以拿到第二天考试科目的答案——书写试卷的复印件。所有的作弊事件中,都应用了高科技手段,电脑、网络、数码相机加手机,无所不用其极。真是道高一尺,魔高一丈! 考试,从来都是一项公平选拔人才的制度。若作弊之风不绝,且愈演愈烈的话,就成为一颗社会毒瘤,遗患无穷。 这决非危言耸听。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

For Better or for Worse? Local Impacts of the Decentralization of Indonesia’s Forest Sector

This paper quantifies the local impacts of mechanized logging on forest-dependent communities in Indonesia, before and after decentralization. A conceptual framework incorporates financial, social, enforcement, rent-seeking, and environmental impacts. Using data from 60 communities in East Kalimantan, the empirical results suggest that significantly more households received financial and in-kind benefits after decentralization compared to before. Many communities engaged in self-enforcement activities against firms both before and after decentralization. Post-decentralization, a significantly higher proportion of households perceived community forest ownership. There were few significant differences in perceived environmental impacts. Little evidence exists of a post-decentralization trade-off between environmental and financial contractual provisions.     

以资本管理为核心的银行治理综合评价指标研究

商业银行的特殊性体现在风险性、外部性和多重治理目标上,尤其集中体现在风险管理的本质上。风险管理日益成为现代商业银行的主体活动和核心职能,资本管理成为现代商业银行风险管理的核心。在整合EVA和RAROC指标的基础上。文章构建了以资本管理为核心的银行治理的综合评价指标,以求真实反映银行经营的成果,有效衡量风险收益和风险成本的对比关系,从而反映以资本管理为核心的银行风险管理的过程、能力和效率。     

Markteintrittstiming von Telekommunikationsdiensteanbietern

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie analysiert für 87 Neuprodukteinführungen (NPE) und Auslandsmarkteintritte (AME) von Telekommunikations(TK)-Diensteanbietern in Deutschland, zu denen 42 Schlüsselinformanten in einer schriftlichen Befragung Auskunft gaben, (1) inwieweit deren zeitliche Eintrittspositionierung durch Marktcharakteristika und Unternehmensressourcen erkl?rbar ist sowie (2) inwieweit und gegebenenfalls unter welchen unternehmensexternen und -internen Situationsbedingungen deren Markteintrittstiming mit dem wahrgenommenen Eintrittserfolg assoziiert ist. Ein früher Markteintritt wurde dann realisiert, wenn die Wettbewerbsintensit?t im adressierten Gesch?ft niedrig und das Budget für den Expansionsschritt überdurchschnittlich ausfielen. Zwischen dem Markteintrittstiming und der Beurteilung des Eintrittserfolgs bestand ein nicht monotoner, umgekehrt U-f?rmiger Zusammenhang: Frühe Folger wiesen signifikant bessere Erfolgswerte auf als Pioniere und sp?te Folger, deren Erfolgsniveaus nicht signifikant divergierten. In einer Industrie, die durch starke externe Netzeffekte gepr?gt ist, fallen offenbar die Nachteile eines Markteintritts als Pionier oder sp?ter Folger st?rker ins Gewicht als die Vorteile dieser beiden zeitlichen Eintrittspositionierungen. Unabh?ngig vom Markteintrittstiming wurden NPE/AME von TK-Unternehmen als erfolgreicher eingestuft, wenn sie sich in einen Markt mit stark wachsender Nachfrage und aufeinander abgestimmt (re)agierenden Wettbewerbern mit qualitativ überdurchschnittlichen, abw?rtskompatiblen, erprobbaren und wenig erkl?rungsbedürftigen TK-Diensten engagierten.      

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.