出口退税率的调整与出口稳定增长——基于中国工业行业面板数据的实证分析

运用不同行业的面板数据进行协整分析和格兰杰因果关系检验,考察如何通过出口退税政策促进中国出口稳定增长。研究结果显示:对于不同行业,出口退税政策对出口增长的影响不同;出口退税政策对机电行业产品出口的影响不明显;长期内,出口退税政策对高新技术行业、传统行业和"两资一高"行业的出口增长影响显著。因此,中国可以通过提高高新技术行业的出口退税率和降低传统行业及"两资一高"行业的出口退税率,在促进产业升级的同时保持总体出口的稳定增长。     

加强我国机电产品出口海外网点的建设

<正> 一、我国机电产品出口海外网点建设的指导思想、主要功能及基本经验 我国机电产品出口海外网点大体上由五种类型机构和企业构成:第一类是各机电外贸公司和出口生产企业在境外设立的代表处和办事机构;第二类是以推销为主的经营进出口贸易业务的公司;第三类是生产经营型的,即采取独资、合资和合作生产方式在国外建立组装厂,利用零部件就地装配或进行最后工序的加工和销售;第四类是售前售后服务型     

浅谈出口退税政策对农产品出口的影响

出口是拉动经济增长的"三驾马车"之一。出口退税政策的调整对农产品出口产生重要影响,数量影响和结构影响成为其直接反应。我国农产品出口退税发展经历曲折,调整农产品出口量的同时兼顾结构调整,但也存在退税率低、退税机制不完善等问题。     

我国“非中性”出口退税制度的完善

目前，世界各国出口退税涉及的主要税种是增值税，而增值税的中性特点决定了出口退税的中性本质。因此，完全出口退税模式便成为税收中性原则的良好体现。首先，出口退税率中性，即出口国对出口产品实行“彻底退税”，征多少，退多少，征税率与退税率相同；其次，退税后出口企业税负一致，即出口退税制度对不同类型出口企业、不同出口经营方式、不同贸易方式的经济影响应是中性的，从而使退税后这些出口企业的税收债担尽可能保持一致。     

浅析我国出口退税政策的调整

在中国,出口退税一直被作为一种宏观政策"杠杆"在使用。为了实现特定的政策目标,政策调整非常频繁。文章介绍了我国出口退税政策的发展历程和出口退税的主要方式,分析了我国出口退税政策的积极作用与不利影响,并对近期纺织品出口退税率的上调进行了分析与讨论,从企业长期经营的角度,提出了应对出口退税政策调整的几点建议。     

国家宏观政策调整对江苏对外贸易的影响分析

一、出口退税政策调整的效应将在今年体现。此次出口退税调整的产品，涉及我省2006年512亿美元出口，占全省出口总额的32％，波及11476家企业，占我省出口企业半数以上。其中提高税率商品出口共计332亿美元，占全省出口的21％，主要是液晶显示板、部分ICT产品、家电及部分机械设备，涉及2746家企业，其中约95％是外资企业以加工贸易方式进行。提高退税率对促进这部分产品出口的作用不会非常明显。而取消出口退税的商品出口13．3亿美元，涉及1181家出口企业；降低出口退税的商品出口167亿美元，主要是纺织品、塑料及制品、钢材、铜材及铜制品、胶合板、家具，涉及9718家企业。这两部分产品出口合计占全省出口的11％，其中70％是以一般贸易出口，54％是内资企业出口。总体看，短期内取消退税和降税商品出口的增长势头在一定程度上将受影响。     

出口退税政策对我国外贸经济的影响

我国为了缓解国际金融危机的影响,对出口退税政策实施了多次调整,但是就调整空间来看,是非常有限的。本文通过分析2008年至2012年之间我国出口退税政策调整和外贸经济出口之间的关系,进而分析出口退税在我国外贸经济出口发展中的作用。     

无形资产价值的不确定性及其影响

无形资产具有有形资产不可替代的巨大经济价值,将取代有形资产的地位,决定企业的命运.成为企业中最重要的资产.但是无形资产具有不同于有形资产的特殊性,其价值具有不确定性,对会计报表的披露、无形资产交易与评估工作等造成影响.     

浅析出口退税率上调对我国出口企业的影响

全球金融危机和经济大衰退使外需不断萎缩,我国外贸出口形势更为严峻。要降低外需持续萎缩对我国经济的影响,国家必须在政策上给予外贸企业相应的支持。在世界经济低谷中,提高出口退税是各国提高出口优惠幅度的通用作法。本文分析上调出口退税率对我国出口企业的影响,指出上调出口退税可能给出口企业带来的问题,并针对性的提出了一些建议。     

出口退税对我国船舶工业的影响

多年来,我们船舶经济理论界存在一个误区,大家认为出口退税是国家为出口企业提供的优惠和补贴。那么出口退税是否等同于出口补贴,这将关系到出口退税能否得到彻底执行。我们必须从理论上弄清二者的区别,才能使出口退税政策得到正确的贯彻和执行。出口退税的理论基础出口退税是开放经济的基本制度之一,它是指出口国在增值税制度下,为避免本国出口产品遭遇国际双重征税,而将出口货物在国内生产和流通过程中缴纳的间接税退还给出口企业,使出口货物以不含税的价格进入国际市场,属于间接税国际协调的范畴。与进口应足额征税相适应,     

Examining the Paths from Export Strategic Orientations to Export Performance: The Mediating Role of Export Resource Transformation Capability

Export strategic orientation research suggests that export entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and market orientation (MO) directly affect export performance. Based on the dynamic capability theory, this study hypothesizes that export resource transformation capability is an intervening factor that helps explain how EO and MO, individually and jointly, impact export performance. Using archival and survey data from small and medium‐sized exporters in the United Kingdom and Nigeria, the study finds that export resource transformation capability partially mediates the individual effects of EO and MO on export performance in both samples. Results further show that export resource transformation capability does not mediate the joint effect of EO and MO on export performance. The findings help provide a more complete understanding of how export strategic orientations might be related to export performance. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The Impact of U.S.-Sponsored Foreign Trade Office Activities

ABSTRACT

Foreign trade offices (FTOs) are an important, little-understood element in the export promotion portfolio of U.S. state export promotion organizations. The value of these organizations is in dispute. In recent years California closed its FTOs in response to budgetary pressures, claiming that these organizations exist primarily to enhance the political standing of politicians rather than to act as effective export development tools. During the same period Washington State opened several new FTOs. Clearly the value of these organizations is in dispute. Another consideration in the effectiveness of U.S. exporters is the subnational contour of the American economic system. State business climates vary considerably, thereby influencing exporter success as well as those programs (such as FTOs) intended to improve firm performance. We hypothesize and find that (a) state entrepreneurial climate is positively related to state exports and (b) FTO network entry activities amplify the impact of state entrepreneurial climate on state exports. Implications for firms and policy makers are explored.     

Export diversification,margins and economic growth at industrial level: Evidence from Thailand

This paper examines the relationship between export diversification, export margins and economic growth at the industry level using Thailand as a case study during 2002–16. Our results show that the effects of export diversification and margins on economic growth vary across industries. Export diversification helps boost growth only in some sectors, including electronics, automotive and chemicals, plastic and rubber, while in the processed food, and textiles and apparel industries, specialisation matters more in promoting growth. In almost all industries, a non-linear relationship between diversification and economic growth is not revealed, except in textiles and apparel. The diversification is crucial in enhancing the impact of exports on growth only in the processed food and textiles and apparel industries. Expansion of intensive margins plays an important role in boosting growth in key industries within Thailand. The role of extensive margins, both in terms of new products and new market destinations, in promoting economic growth is limited. For extensive margins (new products), it is found to be significant in boosting economic growth only in processed food and textiles and apparel, while in the case of extensive margins (new market destinations), its significance in boosting growth is revealed only in the electronics sector.     

Geographic export diversification: Determinants and their link with export performance

This study examines company‐specific factors that may help explain the choice of an export‐market strategy and explores how the selected export strategy contributes to explaining company's export performance (XP). Concentrating on a specific area within a broad spectrum of export behavior analysis has enabled us to examine these factors in greater depth. The results of our research, which was carried out using a sample comprising Spanish exporting companies, show a firm's size, a firm's age, and a firm's greater foreign ownership in its share capital are all determining factors for adopting a strategy geared to export‐market diversification. A greater level of investment in R&D and greater international commitment are also important in this regard. We suggest reinforcing these two factors because there is evidence of a better XP among firms that have a wider range of foreign markets.     

海南出口贸易决定因素与出口潜力研究

本文基于引力方程实证研究了海南出口贸易的决定因素和出口潜力,研究结果表明:贸易伙伴的经济总量、经济发展水平以及贸易伙伴与海南的空间、文化、制度距离均是影响海南出口贸易的重要因素;尽管与香港、美国、德国等传统出口市场已"贸易过度",但对亚洲周边地区以及欧美主要发达国家仍有较大的出口潜力。     

发展出口信用保险 促进我国对外贸易

出口信用保险是一国政府为企业扩大出口提供风险保障的政策性手段 ,并且为WTO体制所允许。我国加入WTO后 ,面临更加激烈的国际竞争 ,发展及完善出口信用保险 ,有利于提高出口企业国际竞争力 ,促进我国对外贸易的发展。     

金融危机下关于我国出口退税功能定位的思考

2008年爆发的全球性的金融危机对我国的出口业影响巨大,全年外贸出口总额增速放缓,出口形势严峻.为了刺激出口,中国政府出台了一系列政策,以减轻企业面临的经营压力.然而,提高出口退税率并不能从根本上解决出口面临的问题,因为关键问题在于我国企业的科技研发能力不足,企业科技创新意识不强,产品科技含量低,国际竞争力不强.保证出口稳定增长的根本途径是,促进企业科技创新,增强企业科技研发能力以及加强知识产权保护.     

人民币升值压力下出口退税作用的另类思考

当前围绕中国人民币升值问题,国际上出现很多的纷争。但从长期来看,人民币已不可避免地走上了升值通道,而人民币的升值将会给出口商品结构带来很大的影响,为了缓和由于汇率变化所引发的冲击,出口退税政策的抵补作用不可小觑。     

出口退税政策对出口贸易的效应分析

本文通过实证分析认为,出口退税政策对出口规模和出口结构具有明显的影响效果,在短期内可将出口退税政策作为我国调节出口贸易的重要手段,但从长期看我国应通过转变出口增长方式和出口结构,以提高出口企业的核心竞争力,保持出口贸易稳定持续发展。