证券交易所的可竞争性与我国证交所的发展

在技术与制度激变的全球化时代,证券交易所越来越成为了金融业中的竞争实体,21世纪初全球证交所大范围的整合并购,要求我们对于证券交易所的定位与发展应该有新的认识。本文从证交所在市场的中可竞争性出发,探讨我国证券交易所的未来发展。     

Noise trading in small markets: Evidence from Amman Stock Exchange (ASE)

This study aims to analyze the behavior of traders in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE):-firstly at the market level by analyzing the market return volatility, defining the time frame of this volatility, and classifying it as transitory volatility or a permanent volatility, Daily closing of Amman free float market index will be used to indicate the market return during the period from 1/1/1992 to 31/12/2015 where 5899 observations were obtained. Secondly at the firms level by selecting a sample of trading companies and interpreting the results through analyzing some important features of the companies, such as share price and ownership structure, Daily closing of share price of the selected companies will be used to indicate the return during the period from 1/1/2015 to 31/12/2015 where 240 observations were obtained for each company during this period.To achieve the goals of this study, the Variance ratio test, GARCH test, and CGARCH test will be used. The study highlighted an important result that the common culture of traders on ASE was Noise Trading; the significance of this finding was statistically proven at the confidence level of 1%.This study recommends the competent authorities to enact a slew of strict measures: the implementation of Capital Gains Tax in a bid to slash frequent selloffs and purchasing of noise traders and increasing the commission of brokers in return for completing selloffs and purchasing deals. The study also affirmed the necessity of intervening periodically to raise awareness of the negative impact of speculation including the instability, increasing the firm’s cost of capital and the damage to traders’ confidence in the stock markets.     

Price Limits and Stock Market Volatility in the Athens Stock Exchange

In this paper, we have examined the effects of price limits on the stock volatility in the Athens Stock Exchange. We put forward two hypotheses, the information hypothesis, which implies that price limits only slow down the process of adjustment and have no effect on stock volatility; and the over-reaction hypothesis, which assumes that investors tend to overreact to new information, so that price limits give them time to reassess the information and reduce stock volatility. Our results show strong support for the information hypothesis. This evidence is obtained by performing the tests on ten stocks, which include heavily traded stocks as well as less active stocks, and covering a variety of industries, and on a market wide price index. The results are also robust to the frequency of the measurement of the returns, and to the tightness of the limits.     

Stock prices and the flow of information in the Athens Stock Exchange

The paper investigates the dynamics of price changes and information flow to the market in the Athens Stock Exchange in Greece using daily data over the period 1988 to 1993. A generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (GARCH) model in stock returns is shown to reflect time dependence in the process generating information flow to the market. Using daily trading volume or value as proxies for information flow, we find them to be significant in explaining the variance of daily returns and to reduce GARCH effects substantially. This has implications for the informational efficiency of the market.     

Short-term Dynamics in the Cyprus Stock Exchange

Abstract

This paper investigates the short-term dynamics of stock returns in an emerging stock market namely, the Cyprus Stock Exchange (CYSE). Stock returns are modelled as conditionally heteroscedastic processes with time-dependent serial correlation. The conditional variance follows an EGARCH process, while for the conditional mean three nonlinear specifications are tested, namely: (a) the LeBaron exponential autoregressive model; (b) the Sentana and Wadhwani positive feedback trading model; and finally (c) a model that nests both (a) and (b). There is an inverse relationship between volatility and autocorrelation consistent with the findings from several other stock markets, including the US. This pattern could be the manifestation of a certain form of noise trading namely positive feedback trading or, momentum trading strategies. There is little evidence that market declines are followed with higher volatility than market advances, the so-called ‘leverage effect’, that has been observed in almost all developed stock markets. In out of sample forecasts, the nonlinear specifications provide better results in terms of forecasting both first and second moments of the distribution of returns.     

Liquidity skewness in the London Stock Exchange

We study liquidity on the London Stock Exchange. We find that the average bid-ask spread declines, but that the skewness of the spread increases. These results are robust to firm size, trading volume and price level. Our findings hold when the bid-ask spread is estimated utilising high frequency data. We find that the bid-ask spread prior to earnings announcements dates is significantly higher than that of post earnings announcements, suggesting that asymmetric information has driven the increase in liquidity skewness. We also find that the effect of earnings announcements is more pronounced in the 2007 global financial crisis, consistent with the notion that extreme market downturns amplify asymmetric information. Our overall evidence also implies that increased competition and transparent trading environments limit market makers' abilities to cross-subsidize bid-ask spreads between periods of high and low levels of asymmetric information.     

Liquidity Commonality in the London Stock Exchange

Abstract:  A number of events such as the international market crash of October 1987 and the 1997 East Asian crisis show that individual firm liquidity is affected by market-wide factors. However, research in systematic liquidity is still at an embryonic stage and given the gap in the literature, the paper offers first time evidence (to the best of our knowledge) on the presence of systematic liquidity in the UK using FTSE100 and FTSE250 stocks. The unique setting of the London Stock Exchange as regards changes in trading regimes, allows an original answer as to whether changes in the nature of market making from obligatory to non-obligatory, affect commonality in liquidity. Results indicate that commonality is quite strong for FTSE100 stocks at individual and portfolio level, while for the FTSE250 it is strong only at portfolio level. Overall commonality is on average similar across trading regimes, irrespective of the nature of the provision of liquidity.     

Liquidity and Stock Exchange Listing

This study examines the pattern of stock price behavior for a sample of 71 firms that moved from NASDAQ and NASDAQ/NMS to the American Stock Exchange (AMEX) between 1982 and 1987. The study tests the liquidity gains hypothesis, which states that investors expect liquidity gains for the less liquid over-the-counter stocks but not for their more liquid counterparts after their listing on the AMEX. The results support the hypothesis by showing a significant difference between the two groups of stocks on the day the AMEX announced approval of the listing. Thus, companies with low liquidity are the largest beneficiaries of listing. The evidence provides little support for the anomalous negative pattern of returns during the post-listing period reported in previous studies.     

Trade Transparency and the London Stock Exchange

On the London Stock Exchange the publication of large trades is delayed to give the market-maker concerned time to unwind the change in their inventory. Using trade and quotations data on 42 stocks for two years, a number of different effects are investigated. These include the association between trade size and the traded bid-ask spread, the inventory control policies of individual market-makers around large trades, the size and speed of the price impact of large trades whose publication is delayed, and the effects of delayed publication on the volume and spreads of the traded equity options market.     

我国股指期货与股票交易的关联性分析

股指期货上市交易后对股票现货市场波动性的影响取决于届时股票现货市场的估值水平,其交易过程和结果也将改变市场投资主体结构及参与程度,形成交易主体多元化的格局。同时,我国股票现货市场对股指期货的交易也存在着反约束.     

Informed trading and liquidity in the Shanghai Stock Exchange

Dufour and Engle (J. Finance (2000) 2467) find evidence of increased presence of informed traders when the NYSE markets are most active. No such evidence, however, can be found by Manganelli (J. Financial Markets (2005) 377) for the infrequently traded stocks. This article investigates the issue of informed trading and its relation to liquidity in Shanghai Stock Exchange. Consistent with the hypothesis that information-based trade exists for all stocks, our findings suggest an increased presence of informed trading in both liquid and illiquid stocks when markets are active. Moreover, for the actively traded stocks, our results support the price formation model of Foster and Viswanathan (Rev. Financial Studies (1990) 593) that activities of informed traders deter uninformed investors from trading, thereby reducing market liquidity.     

Competition on the London Stock Exchange

This paper investigates the determinants of the level of competition on the order–driven market organised by the London Stock Exchange. In contrast to previous empirical market microstructure studies, we treat the level of competition as an endogenous variable. The statistical nature of the measures of competitive activity used in this paper necessitate use of a count regression model. Using a sample 50 stocks, we find that users of the system tend to follow the lead of other users (termed the 'herding effect') and that competition is greater during the period when the US exchanges are open (termed the 'US effect'). In addition, the level of competition is positively related to the bid–ask spread pertaining to a particular stock (termed the 'spread effect'). The latter result is most likely due to traders following a strategy where trade immediacy is traded off against price advantage. Finally, we find that the magnitude of the herding effect, the spread effect, and the fit of the count regression models (termed the 'fit effect') vary in a predictable manner across the liquidity of stocks.     

Speculative dynamics and price behavior in the Shanghai Stock Exchange

This article examines the extent to which the trading behavior of heterogeneous investors manifests in stock price changes of asset portfolios which constitute the Shanghai Stock Exchange. There are three major findings that materialize. Firstly, reliable statistical evidence of a negative relation between the conditional first and second moments of the return distributions of stock prices lends support to the volatility feedback effect. Secondly, ‘feedback’, or momentum-type investors, are not present in this market as is often detected from the daily price changes of other industrialized markets. Finally, trade volume as a proxy for ‘information-driven’ trading suggests that such investors play a statistically significant role in stock price movements. Parameter estimates from this latter group of investors imply that a rise in stock prices from a high volume trading day is more likely than a rise resulting from a low volume trading day.     

证券交易所对上市公司监管权的若干问题研究

2005年修订的<证券法>赋予了证券交易所较以往更多的对上市公司监管权限,以发挥其对上市公司监管及时性和灵活性的优势.然而,证券交易所对上市公司的日常监管中,却越来越多地出现了监管过度的现象.在本文中,笔者着重分析了我国证券交易所监管上市公司权力的来源、证券交易所的监管对象和监管方式等三大问题.     

Price Clustering on the Tokyo Stock Exchange

This paper examines price clustering on the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE). Regardless of tick and lot size, prices ending in zero and five are the most popular. The TSE has no market makers or direct negotiation between traders; therefore, clustering is not explained by collusion or negotiation. Our evidence supports the attraction hypothesis. Clustering also extends to order book depth. There is evidence of strategic trading behavior as traders place orders one price tick better than zero and five to avoid queuing orders at prices ending in these digits. Strategic trading behavior declined and clustering increased when the market became anonymous.     

伦交所风景独好?

伦敦股票交易所("伦交所")是一块肥肉.近年来,几家交易所对伦交所动过心思,有的还正式求好.今年美国人也想对伦交所下手.2006年3月10日,纳斯达克提出以42亿美元收购伦交所,但被伦交所断然拒绝.很快,4月11日纳斯达克卷土重来,以7.82亿美元收购伦交所14.99%股份,成为其第一大的股东.此外,纽约股票交易所("纽交所")也曾有意拿下伦交所.2006年3月8日,纽交所刚刚变身上市,就迫不及待地准备对外扩张,包括考虑收购伦交所.     

Glamour and Value Strategies on the Tokyo Stock Exchange

This paper evaluates the performance of glamour and value strategies and tests the extrapolation model for the Japanese equity market. In general, value stocks outperform glamour stocks by between 6 and 12 percent per annum for the five years after portfolio formation. Evidence from past, future and expected growth provides strong support for the story developed in Lakonishok, Shleifer and Vishny (1994). It is difficult to attribute the value premia to the difference, if any, in risk factors. In addition, the book-to-market premium is much closer to an arbitrage opportunity than the size premium.     

"不规则"联动汇率与股价的研究

本研究综述2000年以来的对汇率与股价关系研究的代表性文章,认为即便两者之间存在"不规则"性,但还是可以从"不规则"中寻找出相对规律。这就需要模型设定约束条件。不仅要考虑经济体(或国家)和地区的对外经济的开放度和金融市场的成熟度,而且还考虑汇率波动(风险贴水)与股市涨跌(引起货币需求变化)各自为对方扮演的角色(时间段上)。由于两个市场定价的内生性使得现在的理论模型都处于"过渡性"。未来的希望寄托在汇率的货币主义分析法与跨期国际资产定价模型的融合。在实证分析方面如何突破协整以及向量自回归之类的框框有待新的非线性工具的开发。     

论证券交易所补充责任制度的创设——以投资者民事权利保护为基点

证券交易所补充责任制度的创设既防止了对证券交易所的过度归责倾向,又保护了投资者的合法权利.目前,我国学术界、实务界和司法界对该制度很少论及.本文对证券交易所补允责任的含义及构成要件、性质、归责原则、效力以及因果关系和举证责任等问题进行论述和探讨,以期完善我国投资者民事权利保护的内容.     

证券营业部的两极化发展趋势

证券营业部的经营大环境出现了新变化，随着新技术如电脑技术、通讯技术在金融证券市场的应用，证券营业部的两极化发展将变成现实，一部分证券营业部将成为巨型营业部，另一部分则将微缩化以连锁店的形式运营。