Corporate Governance and the Informational Efficiency of Prices

We explore the relation between corporate governance and the informational efficiency of prices (IEP). We find that IEP increases with the quality of corporate governance in a large cross‐section of firms. We show that firms with better governance structures file Form 8‐K reports more promptly and have more accurate analysts’ earnings forecasts, suggesting that corporate voluntary disclosures and analyst forecasts are channels through which corporate governance affects IEP. The positive relation between IEP and governance quality cannot be attributed to reverse causality or other confounding factors (e.g., analyst following, stock market liquidity, and institutional ownership). On the whole, our results show that better governance structures lead to higher IEP by improving the speed and extent of corporate information disclosures.     

Underpricing in the Corporate Bond Market

This article examines underpricing of initial public offerings(IPOs) and seasoned offerings in the corporate bond market.We investigate whether underpricing represents a solution toan information problem or a liquidity problem. We find thatunderpricing occurs with both IPOs and seasoned offerings andis highest among riskier, unknown firms. Our evidence suggeststhat information problems drive underpricing, with support forboth the bookbuilding view of underpricing and the asymmetricinformation theory. We do not find evidence in favor of theRock model of underpricing or any evidence that illiquiditycauses underpricing.     

Periodic Information Asymmetry and Intraday Market Behaviour: An Empirical Analysis

The model of Foster-Viswanathan (1990, FV) predicts that informationheterogeneity among market participants generates patterns involume, trading costs and volatility. In the Italian Treasurybond market, periodic information asymmetry is related to thearrival of block orders from international investors, whichcluster soon after the opening of the market and, respectively,of the US market. Our evidence is that volume is lower and tradingcosts are higher after the two openings, consistent with FV.We find only weak evidence that volatility behaves as impliedby the model. JEL Classification: D82; G14     

企业债券市场：寻求新的突破

80年代末，我国企业债券市场开始起步，并在1991、1992年曾出现一轮发债高潮，但从总体上看，发展速度明显慢于股票市场，在市场规模、品种多样化等方面，与国内股票和国际债券市场相比都存在着较大的差距，形成了我国证券市场畸形发展的差距，形成了我国证券市场畸形发展的局面。统计资料显示，1999年，美国公司债券发行额突破2500亿美元，为同期股票发行量的5．8倍；而我国，虽然99年企业债券发行规模 首次突破420亿元，但与同期企业通过股票市场的939亿元的资金量相比，规模上有明显差距，基本上处于“萌芽状态”。因此，本着重分析我国企业债券市场几年来发展中存在的问题，探讨解决问题的对策，以推动国内企业债券市场的健康发展。     

中国非金融企业债券市场监管的博弈论分析

本文分析了中国非金融企业债券监管的现状,归纳总结出我国监管模式的主要特征,然后运用博弈论分析方法,分析中国非金融企业债券监管模式的市场效率,重点分析了分工监管模式的利弊以及信息披露制度对非金融企业债券市场效率的影响。     

可转换公司债券交易特征的重新诠释

由于可转换债券的交易特征难以确定,所以可转换债券的会计确认、计量和报告就成为会计的难题之一.本文在对前期文献中的可转换债券交易特征不同解释的基础上,对可转换债券交易特征进行了重新诠释,从而为可转换债券的会计处理创造条件.     

中期票据与企业债市场流动性的对比分析

流动性越高,金融产品的价格就会更加市场化.本文通过考察中期票据的流动性,验证中期票据比以往的相似融资工具--企业债更加适合市场的需求,进而对中期票据和企业债两种融资工具在发行制度和理念上进行对比分析,得出了中期票据在制度上更加适应市场化需求的原因,并提出相关政策建议.     

中国企业债券市场发展的实证分析

相对于国债、金融债，股票市场和企业信贷融资，企业债券市场是我国证券市场乃至金融市场的“跛腿”和“短板”。……     

公司债券市场信息不对称和政府作用

分析公司债券市场信息不对称的后果和处理方式的特点,以及政府在减少公司债券市场信息不对称方面应该发挥的作用.指出我国政府对公司债券的利率管制和强制担保要求等不当干预加重了公司债券市场的信息不对称,阻碍了市场的健康发展.建议取消政府在公司债券市场上的不当干预、将公司债券的主要投资者定位于机构投资者、完善金融市场基础设施建设.     

The Informational Efficiency of the Equity Market As Compared to the Syndicated Bank Loan Market

The loan market is a hybrid between a public and a private market, comprised of financial institutions with access to private information about borrowing firms. We test whether this is reflected in informationally efficient price formation in the loan market vis-a-vis the equity markets, and reject this private information hypothesis. We also reject a liquidity hypothesis which suggests that equity markets always lead loan markets, despite bank lenders' access to private information, because of greater liquidity in equity markets. We further test, and reject, an asymmetric price reaction hypothesis that states that loan returns are more sensitive to negative information whereas equity returns respond symmetrically to both positive and negative information. We find evidence most consistent with an integrated markets hypothesis that suggests that both the equity and syndicated bank loan markets are highly integrated such that information flows freely across markets. This is particularly true when the equity market makers are also loan syndicate members.      

The Informational Role of Bond Analysts

This study uses a large sample of sell-side bond analysts' reports to examine the properties of recommendations provided by bond analysts and the impact of these recommendations on bond securities. First, we document that the distribution of bond analysts' buy, hold, and sell recommendations is skewed positively, but less so than the distribution of equity analysts' recommendations. The positive skewness in bond analysts' recommendations is greater for low than for high credit quality bonds. Second, we find that bond analysts' reports generate bond trading and return reactions that are both economically significant and greater for low credit quality bonds. The bond market reaction is greater for bond analysts' reports than for equity analysts' reports. Finally, while both bond and equity analysts lead rating agency announcements, we find no evidence of a difference in timeliness between bond and equity analysts' reports. Overall, our results are consistent with bond analysts issuing more negative reports than equity analysts and providing more information about low credit quality bonds as a result of the asymmetric demand for negative information by bond investors.     

Corporate Bond Market Transaction Costs and Transparency

Using a complete record of U.S. over‐the‐counter (OTC) secondary trades in corporate bonds, we estimate average transaction costs as a function of trade size for each bond that traded more than nine times between January 2003 and January 2005. We find that transaction costs decrease significantly with trade size. Highly rated bonds, recently issued bonds, and bonds close to maturity have lower transaction costs than do other bonds. Costs are lower for bonds with transparent trade prices, and they drop when the TRACE system starts to publicly disseminate their prices. The results suggest that public traders benefit significantly from price transparency.     

台湾地区私募公司债市场的发展与启示

本文对台湾私募债券市场的发展状况进行了研究,分析了台湾地区私募公司债市场发展缓慢的原因.研究结果表明:尽管台湾地区仿效美国建立了较为完备的私募制度,但台湾地区私募公司债市场发展缓慢,其主要原因在于台湾私募公司债发行制度并没有明显的简化便利优势,市场流动性受到较多限制,而且市场透明度也相对较低.台湾地区私募公司债的发展为大陆私募债券市场的制度设计提供了启示,即私募公司债的发行主体要更加多元化、转让制度要更加灵活、参与者要更加丰富、监管制度要更加完备.     

我国企业债券市场的若干问题

在我国,企业债券是指具有法人资格的企业为筹集生产与建设资金,依照法定程序发行,约定在一定期限内还本付息的债务凭证.与之相对的是公司债券,其指股份公司为筹措长期资金而向一般大众举借款项而发行的债券.实际上,公司债和企业债只是名称上的区分,并无本质差别.一直以来,国家发改委等部门沿用企业债的名称,主要因为大部分发债主体尚不是公司制企业.     

论中国债券市场的特征、效率和发展

债券市场是一国金融体系中不可或缺的部分.一个统一、成熟的债券市场可以为全社会的投资者和筹资者提供低风险的投融资工具;债券的收益率曲线是社会经济中一切金融商品收益水平的基准,因此债券市场也是传导中央银行货币政策的重要载体.可以说,统一、成熟的债券市场构成了一个国家金融市场的基础.     

我国债券市场基础设施效率问题探讨

债券市场可以为各类投资者提供有效、便捷的融资渠道,同时也是政府进行宏观调控的重要平台。债券市场作用的充分发挥,有赖于高效率的债券市场基础设施。但是目前市场基础设施存在难以发挥规模经济效应、市场交易成本和市场重复建设成本过高等问题,需在法律法规体系、市场监管机制、托管结算体制和公司治理结构等方面做进一步的改进与完善。     

发展我国企业债券市场的路径选择

我国企业债券市场的发展主要受到政府干预过多、发债主体单一、市场流动性不足、企业积极性不高、信用评级体系不完善等方面的制约。我们应从正确评估我国的企业债券市场、大力发展信用评级机构、提高债券流动性、实现企业债券利率的市场化、改进和完善企业债券监管制度、积极引导国有企业利用债券融资、不断改善我国企业债券市场的发展环境等方面促进我国企业债券市场的发展。     

发展我国企业债券市场的政策建议

企业债券市场作为证券市场的重要组成部分,它的发展状况对建立统一、高效的资本市场有着不可忽视的作用,而我国由于制度安排性原因,使企业债券市场的发展遇到了诸如发行、交易等多方面的问题,因此,要想证券市场和谐、健康、持续发展,必须通过制度的重新安排及法律、法规的建设完善予以解决。     

An Empirical Analysis of Stock and Bond Market Liquidity

This article explores cross-market liquidity dynamics by estimatinga vector autoregressive model for liquidity (bid-ask spreadand depth, returns, volatility, and order flow in the stockand Treasury bond markets). Innovations to stock and bond marketliquidity and volatility are significantly correlated, implyingthat common factors drive liquidity and volatility in thesemarkets. Volatility shocks are informative in predicting shiftsin liquidity. During crisis periods, monetary expansions areassociated with increased liquidity. Moreover, money flows togovernment bond funds forecast bond market liquidity. The resultsestablish a link between "macro" liquidity, or money flows,and "micro" or transactions liquidity.     

Clarification and Extension of Beaver's Definitions of Market Informational Efficiency: A Note

Beaver (1981a, 1981b) provides sound conceptual definitions of market informational efficiency. Recently, his definitions have been operationalized in experimental-markets studies dealing with market informational efficiency. Given these successes, we extend Beaver's definitions to make apparent the relationships among the publicly available information system and the market information system and related signals. This extension provides a foundation for distinguishing between tests of semistrong-form and strong-form efficiency in the contexts of Beaver's definitions and related experimental-markets studies. We also provide a proof which identifies the necessary and sufficient condition for the convergence of these forms of market informational efficiency.