提高城市平面交叉口通行能力的对策分析

在城市交通中,平面交叉口已成为瓶颈,因此解决城市交通拥堵的关键,在于提高城市平面交叉口的通行能力、减少车辆在交叉口的延误时间。利用交通工程设施控制,可以以较少的资金投入,利用现有的交叉口进行改造,做到渠化交通,使机动车与非机动车分离行驶,在同一交叉口分配不同路权,从而达到控制混合交通、减少冲突点、提高交叉口通行能力、减少车辆延误的目的。     

“我们都很满意G-BOS系统”

在2011年北京客车展"全国道路客运企业高新技术应用论坛"上,多位行业专家针对车辆管理系统,也就是目前客运行业的关键词——"车联网"进行探讨。"车辆管理系统,为巴士与客车运营提供有效管理的简单工具。"重庆大学教授王健从4个方面评价说,G-BOS系统在发动机及车辆技术管理方面,有效节省油料开销、降低营运成本、了解车辆使用状况、油压监测、冷却系统监测等;驾驶员管理方面,提高行车安全、减少事故率、出勤管理、奖惩制度的建立及执行、提高车队效率、优化驾车行为;车辆运行管理方面,车辆使用负荷管理、追踪车辆行驶路径、与车辆保持联系、防盗功能、路线旅     

汽车燃料经济性计算方法研究

汽车行驶时的燃料经济性以百公里油耗为其评价指标,而正常行驶的车辆包括怠速、加速、等速、减速和换档五种行驶状态,本文分别给出在这五种行驶状况下的燃料经济性和计算方法。     

能吸收雨水的防滑路面

目前的高速公路路面容易积水,车辆高速行驶时,轮胎和路面间形成的水膜会使轮胎打滑,造成车辆失控,导致车祸。最近日本道路公园正在全国高速公路上推行“高功能铺设”的新施工法,即在铺设沥青路面时使沥青发泡形成空隙。这种保留空隙的路面容易吸收雨水,并通过路面和混凝土路基间隙将雨水排出,从而抑制了轮胎打滑,提高了对车辆的控制能力,减少车祸。其次,高速行驶的车辆在积水的路面上溅起的水花会形成水雾,使其后行驶的车辆驾驶员的视线模糊。夜间行驶时积水的路面容易使车灯光产生反射,扰乱驾驶员视线。新施工方法可减少上述不…     

车停何处？——汽车社会的发展过程与停车管理政策

停车或言静态交通，它与动态交通一样．是城市交通建设的重要组成部分．有了车的停驻．才能有车的行驶。因此．停车政策与道路交通政策同样重要。 停车政策所涵盖的内容可用以下的思路进行分析：汽车的行驶一定有它的出发点和目的地．汽车在出发地和目的地必然要停车。山发地停车场．一般还是汽车不使用时的保管地。而在目的地停车一般可以归结为办理公、私事务、装卸货物、换乘车辆时的临时停车。时间有长有短。 不当停车会给汽车社会造成许多不良影响，举日本一九九三年实例来说明：首先，路边停车可能造成交通事故。日本在一九九三年全国…     

TOYOTA油电混合动力系统

油电混合动力车,拥有发动机和电动机双动力的跨时代技术。普通的汽车都是单靠发动机驱动车辆。但车辆在低速行驶时,发动机的油耗并不理想。     

客运信息化程度在加深

客运企业借助3G系统对运营车辆进行管理调度似乎已经不是什么新鲜事儿了,得益于这一技术,客运公司实现了车辆实时位置的监控、车辆行驶状况的监控以及车辆行驶路线的监控,并可以通过发送短信的形式对车辆进行及时调配。这一方面促进了营运车辆的规范化运营,提高了车辆的安全性;另一方面也让客运公司具有更好的车辆调度能力,使企业的运营成本大大降低。     

高速公路养护施工安全管理措施分析

高速公路上车辆行驶速度比较快,因此,高速公路交通事故发生的后果往往也很严重,而某种意义上来说,高速公路建设施工时的施工质量最终决定了高速公路建成之后的质量安全性,近年来,我国在高速公路建设过程中特别强调要做好其养护施工安全管理工作,目的就是为了降低高速公路事故频发的几率,保证行驶车辆的使用安全性。论文分析了高速公路养护...     

基于物联网技术的智能交通系统中车辆通信网络研究

随着城市现代化的快速发展,城市交通拥堵问题无疑是现代城市管理的一大难题。智能交通与物联网的融合将是今后智能交通的发展趋势,随着智能交通系统的发展,车辆通信网络已经成为该领域的热门网络通信技术,有着广泛的发展前景,路由协议是车辆通信网络中关键的环节之一。文章建立了智能交通系统中车辆通信网络的数据通信场景,使用OPNET Modeler软件进行建模和仿真,对车辆通信网络的总体性能进行了评估。     

利用声暴露级对交通噪声主要因素进行探讨

城市交通噪声对人们生活产生的不利影响不容忽视,对交通噪声主要影响因素进行剖析,有利于对症下药,采取相应治理措施,本文利用声暴露级定义分析了汽车鸣笛、大型车行驶、道路路宽及车流量对交通噪声的影响.     

质量体系与HSE管理体系一体化初探

从分析ＩＳＯ９００标准与ＨＳＥ管理标准的相同点和不同点入手,从管理学的角度探讨了质量体系与ＨＳＥ管理体系相结合的可能性与必要性,探讨了企业实施两个体系一体化的措施。指出,建立一个能同时满足了ＩＳＯ９０００标准要求和ＨＳＥ管理标准要求的综合体系,可以明显地提高企业管理效益、降低体系运行费用。     

Pesticide residues and trade,the apple of discord?

In this paper we study the impact of the regulations on Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) of pesticides on the trade of apples and pears and related processed products with the aim of understanding how their similarity (or dissimilarity) affect trade. Most studies investigate the impact of sanitary regulations introducing directly in the analysis the MRL put in force in the importing country. They introduce in the analysis the level of the regulation in the importing country without taking into account the rule in force in the exporting country. Rather than focusing on a particular pesticide we take into account the entire list of substances set out by the various regulations. We then build a similarity index and introduce it into a gravity equation to assess the impact of the differences in MRL of pesticides on trade. Results suggest that the differences between regulations matter and may, in some case, hinder trade.     

Politics,policy and fixed-line telecommunications provision: Insights from Australia

Over the past 40 years, telecommunications policy worldwide has been dominated by the privatisation of former government-owned firms, the pursuit of increasing competition as well as the delegation of day-to-day operations of industry decision-making and oversight from core governments to autonomous regulators sitting at arms-length from political decision-making. One of the most (apparently) dramatic reversals of this trend has occurred in Australia where the federal government has set up a state-owned company (NBN Co) to fully replace and upgrade the fixed-line infrastructure for voice and broadband communications for the entire country. Some argued that the NBN heralded a reversal of a “failed, neoliberal” deregulation and pro-competition policy agenda in Australia, and a return to “social democratic” values. The NBN has attracted interest as a possible model for other governments looking to fund broadband infrastructure.The NBN Co's network is nearing completion. It has proved disappointing in many ways, with costs escalations, missed deadlines and a downscaling of the original full-fibre footprint to a mixed technology model (MTM). It has also proved politically divisive, with some claiming the MTM changes represent the reassertion of a neoliberal political agenda. In this paper, we trace the evolution of the fixed-line telecommunications industry in Australia from the 1980s to the present along the dimensions of privatisation, deregulation and competition in voice, broadband and policy settings. We find that contrary to popular political rhetoric, the Australian industry reforms have been characterised by only a partial and inconsistent progression towards the international policy objectives. In particular, ongoing government ownership of the incumbent created perverse incentives for both regulatory and industry actors and ensured political involvement in import network investment and operations decisions which in other jurisdictions are delegated to private-sector owners and regulators at arms-length from political influence. We contend that the NBN was not a social democratic response to failed neoliberal policies, nor was the MTM a neoliberal reassertion. Rather, the politicisation of the NBN is a function of the inability to decentralise ownership and control of the industry away from the government. These issues will continue to dominate the Australian debate, as the statutory context requires the privatisation of the NBN within five years of its projected 2021 completion. Extreme caution is warranted for jurisdictions looking to the NBN model for guidance.     

The effects of M&As within the mobile ecosystem on the rival's shareholder value: The case of Google and Apple

As a result of the speed of information and communications technology convergence, the concept of the business ecosystem has been adopted for understanding the business value chain. Within the business ecosystem, keystones play a central role. Currently, Google and Apple are the keystones of the mobile ecosystem, and they have been quite active in acquiring firms over the past years. This study empirically examines the effects of these two firms’ mergers and acquisitions (M&As), especially the different effects on the acquirer and the rival depending on the type of target firm. After the target firms are classified according to the businesses of the acquiring firm that each target firm is related to, the study examines the effects of different types of M&As on the values of the acquirer, the rival, or both. The results provide a basis for understanding the complex relationship between two keystones within the mobile business ecosystem.     

快速成形技术的应用及热点分析

基于快速成形技术的原理,展示了快速成形技术在快速模具制造、金属零件直接成形、反求工程等领域的广泛应用,总结了快速成形制造技术研究的热点,即研发新材料和新设备、提高成形精度、建立RPM的反求工程系统、建立成形技术的统一标准和扩大成形技术的应用领域。     

纺织废料在玻璃屏风上的装饰应用

纺织原料种类多,纺织加工对纤维要求高,废料的利用可以提高原料的利用价值,与玻璃屏风的有机结合能够设计出自然典雅的艺术效果,为纺织经济的发展提供辅助作用。用于办公场所的隔断,餐厅的屏风,居家的装饰等既能半遮挡光线和视线,又采用双层玻璃隔音,是一副自然的装饰品。为纺织经济的多样化发展提供了途径。     

Decomposition analysis of the telecommunications sector in Indonesia: What does the cellular era shed light on?

Indonesia is currently enjoying rapid development in the telecommunications sector despite the economy having been heavily dependent for almost four decades on the two largest sectors: the manufacturing industry and trade. The telecommunications sector has played an important role in stimulating economic growth in the country during the last few years, with an annual growth rate higher than that of other sectors. This contribution is supported to a great extent by the rapid diffusion of telephony, in particular cellular telephony, as the number of subscribers increased from just 2.1 million in 1999 to 170 million in 2011. Previous studies investigating the impact of the telecommunications sector on the economy aggregate the impact of the sectors on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) without further scrutiny of what sources of growth telecommunications has contributed. Hence, an interesting question arises as to whether the achievement of cellular diffusion is also followed by structural change in the telecommunications sector. That said, this study aims to decompose the output of telecommunications into several sources of growth: domestic final demand, export effect, import substitution effect and technological coefficient effect. A particular interest in this study is to compare the source of growth concerning domestic final demand and the technological coefficient effect. The main tool for analysis in this study is the Input–Output (IO) method, while the time series of the investigation covers the period 1975–2008, allowing comparison of structural changes in the telecommunications sector between the pre- and post-cellular eras. The study found that the coefficient multiplier of the telecommunications sector, which was approximately 1.8 during the 1980s, had decreased to only 1.3 by the end of 2008. Consequently, the final demand from the telecommunications sector contributed less to economic output in the late 2000s compared to the impact in the 1980. Moreover, the cellular era that started in the early 2000s also brought about a trend of changes in telecommunications output. While final demand remains very dominant, the technological coefficient effect has diminished as the source of telecommunications output. This finding indicates a lower ability of the telecommunications sector to build an inter-industry relationship with other sectors. A possible explanation for this result is the cellular uses which are much less related to business activities than that of fixed telephony dating back to the 1970s in Indonesia.     

The disruptive potential of PWLAN at the country-level: The cases of Germany,the UK,and the USA

This paper analyzes the impact of WLAN technologies for incumbent MNOs based on an empirical cross-country study of the players in the public WLAN-hotspot market using the theory of disruptive innovation and theoretical extensions for the industry- and country-level. The main research question to be analyzed is whether and why PWLAN has shown a disruptive or sustaining impact trend for incumbent MNOs in the hotspot markets of Germany, the UK, and the USA in recent years. The results imply that incumbent MNOs and new entrants have taken advantage of the opportunity provided by PWLAN, but the market success of both types of players varies between the countries analyzed. Incumbent MNOs dominate in Germany but not in the UK and the USA. The reasons for these country-specific differences were further investigated, and the results suggest that the analysis of disruptive potential in telecommunications needs to include country- and firm-specific factors, which are, again, largely influenced by the local regulation.     

Wireline deregulation: The Canadian experience

Changes in the state of telephony markets paved the way for significant regulatory and legislative reforms in the telecommunications sector in the 1990s. In Canada, the 1993 Telecommunications Act was enacted to promote the emergence of competitors in a market that had until then been dominated by regional monopolies. This paper examines the Canadian telecommunications regulatory framework and analyzes the regulatory privileges given to new entrants at the expense of former telecommunications monopolies. Such regulations, which were meant to induce competition, ended up hurting consumers and distorting the market process. This paper also shows how the Canadian government recently eliminated many of those regulations by seizing control of the policy agenda from the telecommunications regulator.     

Diffusion and usage of public e-services in Europe: An assessment of country level indicators and drivers

We analyze the state of the art of indicators on e-government, e-health, e-procurement and e-participation. We survey the main methodological properties of these indicators, and highlight their heuristic potential. Further, we address empirically the issue of the explanation of the availability scores, i.e. how the supply of the various e-services in each country is affected by political, institutional and socio-economic differences, and is followed by actual usage. The econometric analysis uncovers the importance of broadband penetration and higher education as drivers for most of the types of e-services and users (citizens and businesses). Moreover, a corruption-free and agile public sector proves to be an important pre-condition for more effective supply and usage. Despite data limitations and the complexity of the underlying diffusion phenomena, our study is the first truly longitudinal contribution aimed at disentangling the common drivers of such an important phenomenon – the e-services availability and usage across European countries. As such, this work appears useful to inform the policy debate and practice, in a phase characterized by a prospective reorientation of the public e-services provision and policy agenda.