试论政府对引导规范企业承担社会责任的作用

与跨国公司相比，我国企业在履行社会责任方面仍存在一定差距，企业公民意识淡薄。应对跨国公司履行社会责任的动机和我国企业承担社会责任现状进行分析，构建企业社会责任的成本与收益关系模型，并借鉴国外成功经验探讨中国政府在企业履行社会责任中应发挥的重要作用。     

社会责任:跨国公司必须跨越的一道门槛

20世纪70年代以来,随着跨国公司对外直接投资的迅猛发展,其行为的社会责任问题受到国际社会的普遍关注,企业和学术研究者对跨国公司社会责任的研究亦日益增加。目前,有关跨国公司在东道国承担社会责任的理论主要有几方面内容。一是社会契约论,其核心论点是,任何组织机构(企业或     

跨国公司企业社会责任营销策略研究——基于消费者响应的视角

跨国公司承担社会责任受到制度、道德以及经济动因共同驱动。其中,经济动因是最根本的内在驱动力。跨国公司如何从事社会责任活动,才能与其追求利润的本质相一致?本文在中外相关文献研究的基础上,探讨了企业社会责任与消费者响应之间的关系,并进一步提出了跨国公司开展社会责任营销的策略,为其实现"道德与利润的平衡"提供了理论及实践的指导依据。     

析跨国公司弱化在华企业社会责任问题

改革开放三十年来,跨国公司在中国经济生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色,跨国公司在中国的企业社会责任问题受到了普遍的关注。目前在华跨国公司的企业社会责任实践活动,总体情况良好,但也出现了有部分的跨国公司在推行企业社会责任的实践则很少,甚至出现诸如违反公平竞争、非法避税、安全标准较低等弱化社会责任的倾向,究其原因既有跨国公司自身的问题也有目前我们社会大环境和制度法律上的原因,因此从中国制度建设方面有许多值得完善之处。     

地方政府政策变迁对跨国公司企业社会责任的影响

笔者运用合作博弈的谈判模型研究地方政府政策对跨国公司企业社会责任合约的影响。模型推导出在宽松、适度、严格三种政策下,地方政府收益最大时对跨国公司社会责任履行合约的取值要求,研究认为政策的选择取决于地方政府谈判成本大小和声誉损失系数以及跨国公司在当地的社会责任履行成本系数,并就三种政策下跨国公司企业社会责任的影响因素进行分析。     

西方企业社会责任标准及其对我国的启示

本文在介绍西方企业社会责任标准(SA8000)产生背景的基础上，重点阐述企业社会责任标准的内容、依据以及跨国公司承担社会责任时所遵循的行为准则，并提出了我国企业应从企业诚信、监督机制和自我约束等方面来加强企业社会责任建设。     

跨国公司社会责任范畴国际比较

提出跨国公司因其"跨国"性,社会责任本身也变得更加复杂。探讨跨国公司如何在不同于母国的环境中确立社会责任,并对在华跨国公司和其在母国承担社会责任的情况进行比较。研究发现,在华跨国公司的社会责任无论是从标准的严格程度还是从实践内容的完整性上都低于母国。     

基于国际视野的企业社会责任研究

20世纪90年代中后期,全球兴起了企业社会责任运动。此浪潮波及范围越来越广,从发达国家到发展中国家,从国际机构到各国政府、跨国公司,都纷纷加入到企业社会责任的实践中来。文章从国际机构、各国政府、跨国公司和中国企业的企业社会责任现状四个不同视野探讨不同层次的企业社会责任发展趋势,认为企业社会责任及其相关的事项如社会责任标准、企业社会责任会计信息等正受到全球不同群体的日益关注和重视。     

强化企业社会责任,促进我国企业的可持续发展

企业社会责任已经得到了发达国家企业和跨国公司的重视,并且在积极实践。但是我国企业的社会责任意识还很薄弱,这在一定程度上影响了我国企业的可持续发展。认识到我国和发达国家在企业社会责任方面的差距,认识到企业社会责任对可持续发展的重要作用,并且积极践行企业社会责任,是我国企业做大做强,走向世界的前提条件。     

一个简单的跨国公司社会责任总成本分析模型

随着经济发展和社会进步导致的企业社会责任观的改变,公众要求跨国公司承担社会责任的呼声日益高涨,而关注社会问题将会给企业带来一系列收益（如社会资本、良好的企业形象等）的事实也使越来越多的跨国公司开始认识到承担社会责任的必要性,因此,对跨国公司社会责任问题进行研究,并将研究结果应用于管理实践,已成为理论界十分关注的一个问题。     

环境税征收、社会责任承担与企业绿色创新*

近年来,我国经济发展面临资源环境的约束问题愈发凸显,推进经济高质量发展迫切需要传统工业企业实现绿色创新转型升级,而环境税征收和企业社会责任承担分别作为一种基于外部市场激励型和内部自主激励型的重要工具,两者能否有效发挥激励协同效应？本文以2010—2018年我国沪深A股工业类上市公司为研究样本,实证检验了环境税征收与企业社会责任承担的交互作用对企业绿色创新的影响,研究结果发现：（1）环境税征收与社会责任承担发挥着显著正向激励协同效应,环境税征收强度越大则越有利于促进企业绿色创新能力提升,且该正相关关系将随着企业社会责任承担水平提升而得到增强。（2）企业社会责任承担水平越高并不利于企业绿色创新能力提升,但该负相关关系将随着环境税征收强度增加而受到抑制。（3）进一步研究发现以上效应主要存在于大规模企业、高成长性企业、研发能力较强企业,以及市场化程度较高地区和东部地区。（4）相对于非国有企业,环境税征收及其与社会责任承担的正向交互效应显著存在于国有企业之中。上述研究结论丰富了企业绿色创新驱动因素和环境税征收经济后果的相关文献,对于新时期如何有效发挥企业绿色创新激励协同机制,以助推我国传统工业企业顺利实现绿色创新转型升级等有重要启示。     

国际贸易中企业社会责任壁垒的演进与应对

企业社会责任理论上不应成为贸易壁垒,然而在现实中常常被发达国家作为贸易保护的借口而成为变相的贸易壁垒,并且日益成为当前可持续发展理念下影响我国外贸发展最难以跨越的障碍,不可小视。了解企业在国际贸易中容易遭遇的企业社会责任壁垒的影响,提出有针对性的应对策略,尤其是政府、行业协会和企业三方联动,有效地化解企业社会责任贸易壁垒,积极促进我国对外贸易。     

食品企业社会责任的影响因素及食品安全治理政策——基于扎根理论的探索

食品企业社会责任的缺失是食品安全事件频发的前因。以沪深股市58家食品饮料业上市公司为样本,采用扎根理论探索构建食品企业社会责任的影响因素及其作用机制模型,显示企业文化是企业社会责任的内在前置驱动因素,质量改进和经济绩效是调节“文化-责任”关系的内部情境因素,企业荣誉是调节“文化-责任”关系的外部情境因素。     

我国企业实施社会责任管理研究

西方市场经济国家自进入20世纪80年代以后,要求企业在社会责任方面做出更多贡献的呼声越来越大,我国近年来社会各界对企业的社会责任问题也越发关注。我国企业的社会责任实践活动有了初步的发展。本文通过对样本企业的数据研究,分析了我国企业对社会责任的认知现状,并从员工、股东、客户、供应商、政府、社区、社会公益事业及反商业贿赂等方面研究了我国企业社会责任的实施现状。通过对我国企业实施社会责任管理的现状分析,我们认识到我国企业在社会责任认知与实施方面与国外企业还有一定的差距,为缩小这一差距并提升我国企业社会责任的实施水平,我国企业应重视社会责任管理,把社会责任融于企业的使命、战略制定、战略实施及评价等各方面,实施企业的全面社会责任管理。     

企业社会责任与企业竞争力关系实证研究——基于部分中国上市公司的经验证据

本文基于企业社会责任和企业竞争力理论,运用统计学的相关分析理论模型、企业竞争力评价指标体系和模型以及基于三重底线和利益相关方理论的企业社会责任评价指标体系和模型,实证分析企业社会责任（CSR）与企业竞争力之间的关系。基于部分中国上市公司数据（2009年）的实证研究结果表明：企业社会责任与企业竞争力之间存在明显的正相关关系,即一个企业承担的社会责任越多,其竞争力就越大;反之亦然,一个企业竞争力越大,相应地会承担更多的社会责任。     

The influence of CSR on firm value: an application of panel smooth transition regression on Taiwan

Previous studies on the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firm value generally belong to one of the two opposing schools of thought: the social impact hypothesis and the shift of focus hypothesis. This study, however, proposes that the relationship between CSR and company value is non-linear and neither wholly positive nor negative. We employed the corporate social responsibility index (CRSI) to test this hypothesis. The panel smooth transition regression (PSTR) model was used to analyse listed Taiwanese firms from 2010 to 2012 and calculate the value transition threshold of CSR, using CSRI as the transition variable. We then applied PSTR to determine whether CSRI shows a two-regime, non-linear relationship, as inferred by our model. Empirical findings show that the threshold value of CSRI is 13.082, thus, we concluded that investment in CSR does not contribute to enhancing company value until it exceeds the value transition threshold.     

Corporate Social Responsibility——From the Perspective of Polish Enterprises

Corporate social responsibility （CSR） is becoming more and more frequently emphasized part of management in the structure of Polish enterprises. These results from the fact that growing awareness of consumers, destructive impact of industry on the natural environment, economic scandals, unethical behavior among entrepreneurs, bring about redefining the principles of a business activity on the market by entrepreneurs. As a result of the above, such values as honesty, trust, or responsibility take on greater importance. Additionally, more and more often, Polish entrepreneurs pay attention to the influence of the company on the environment, the way the stakeholders are treated, while striving to maximize profit. The present paper looks into the subject of social responsibility from the point of view of Polish enterprises. To verify this objective, there was the analysis of the due literature performed, and also carried out the survey among 174 entrepreneurs running their business activity in the area of Southern Poland. The research tool used in the research was the questionnaire （PAPI and CAWI）. In the conducted research, there were factors analyzed referring to knowledge of social responsibility among the people holding both managerial and lower-level positions, in particular opinion, is it important for enterprises to be driven by ethical standards？ How to implement CSR in their structures？ How to understood concept of CSR？ What are the reasons for the implementation of CSR in the strategy of the company？ The considerations （both the theoretical and practical ones） confirmed that the Polish enterprises feel the increased need to implement the activities in the field of social responsibility, which, in the present conditions, constitutes an important part of running a business activity.     

Can country trade flows benefit from improved corporate social responsibility ratings?

We set out in this study to examine the effects of country ‘corporate social responsibility’ (CSR) ratings on the international trade flows of 28 countries. Drawing on categorization theory, we examine whether country CSR engagement is a categorizing factor capable of influencing the overall process of categorization. Based upon a two-stage approach, comprising of gravity and panel Tobit models, we find that a country's CSR rating has significantly positive effects on the country's international trade flows. When the CSR rating of a country is higher than that of another rival trading country, this will have significantly positive effects on the bilateral trade flows between the two countries.     

Assessing whether corporate social responsibility influence corporate value

This study used the corporate social responsibility (CSR) index to gauge the corporate value and social responsibility performance of corporations in Taiwan. We investigated whether CSR influences corporate value and whether the extent of that influence varies with corporate value or time. The results indicate that the influence of CSR on corporate value does not change with time. CSR exerts a positive influence on company value, and this influence does not change over time. However, the extent of the influence significantly varies with corporate value. When the corporate value of a company is not high, investing in CSR would only increase costs and fail to effectively increase corporate value. In contrast, if the corporate value of the company is high, investments in CSR in this circumstance would instead promote the effective increase of corporate value.     

Web-based CSR communication in post-communist countries

In this survey, we investigate the level of web-based CSR communication in selected post-communist countries. Our objective was to identify, analyse and evaluate the scope of web-based CSR communication and the structure of CSR activities communicated by the TOP 100 companies based in the Czech Republic and Ukraine. On the basis of content analysis of the websites of the 100 most important companies (according to the level of revenue) based in each of these countries, we can state that the level of their web-based CSR communication is comparable. It does, however, correspond to the generally low level of CSR communication in post-communist countries. Apart from corporate websites, another popular channel of communication is social networks, in particular, Facebook. As far as the scope of CSR activities communicated is concerned, companies based in the Czech Republic communicate an average of 19 and companies based in Ukraine communicate an average of 18 of the 39 monitored activities. TOP 100 companies operating in these countries communicate economic and environmental responsibility activities in the greatest scope and on the contrary, ethical responsibility activities the least.