资产结构、资本结构与盈利能力相关性研究——基于我国稀土类上市公司经验数据

稀土企业盈利状况极不稳定是当前我国稀土产业面临的严峻问题之一.资产结构与资本结构是否合理直接关系着企业的盈利状况.本文以我国13家稀土类上市公司为研究样本,首先采用主成分法对影响企业盈利能力的财务指标进行综合,再通过回归分析法对稀土企业资产结构、资本结构与盈利能力之间的关系进行回归分析.研究表明：稀土类上市公司资产结构与资本结构不够合理,优化资产结构与资本结构是提高稀土类上市公司盈利能力的重要途径.     

(河南师范大学 商学院，河南，新乡453007)

从中国证券业市场结构的现实特征入手,研究市场结构这一中观因素对证券公司效率的作用。通过实证检验,发现相对市场势力假说在中国证券业成立的证据,但进一步分析表明,市场份额的扩张并没有带来显著的效率损失,这与典型的相对市场假说并不相同。     

中国区域经济发展新态势及商业银行发展策略研究

区域经济是整体经济发展的基础。近年来,我国的区域经济发展发生了根本性变化,呈现出多极化、跨行政区域、跨国界区域、跨行业区域、超大型区域等新特征,对商业银行的金融服务提出了新的需求。商业银行只有针对区域经济的新特征采取有效的应对策略,才能在激烈的市场竞争中保持优势,实现可持续发展。     

Characteristics and behavior of newly listed firms: Evidence from the Asia-Pacific region

We examine the size, profitability and delisting experience during 1980–1999 of new lists in the Pacific Basin countries. We also examine the impact of the legal environment on post-listing behavior. We find that new lists are more numerous in common law countries. They are smaller than seasoned firms, regardless of legal regime. New lists are more profitable in civil law countries, but this is due to the high profitability of Japanese new lists. Asian new lists have lower rates of delisting compared to U.S. firms. The delisting frequency of seasoned firms exceeds that of new lists for our sample countries.     

Ownership, board structure, and performance in continental Europe

This study examines the empirical validity of claims that the composition of boards of directors and ownership structures affect firms' profitability ratios (ROE, ROA, MTB) using data from 87 European firms, which were foreign U.S. registrants during 2000-2001. Results indicate a strong positive relation between the level of relational ownership and profitability ratios, and between the portion of independent directors on the board and profitability ratios. No strong relation was found between the portion of inside directors or level of managerial ownership and profitability in continental European companies.     

Factors influencing the profitability of domestic and foreign commercial banks in the European Union

Using bank level data this paper examines how bank's specific characteristics and the overall banking environment affect the profitability of commercial domestic and foreign banks operating in the 15 EU countries over the period 1995–2001. The results indicate that profitability of both domestic and foreign banks is affected not only by bank's specific characteristics but also by financial market structure and macroeconomic conditions. All the variables, with the exception of concentration in the case of domestic banks profits, are significant although their impact and relation with profits is not always the same for domestic and foreign banks.     

新所得税准则对上市公司盈利能力影响分析

新所得税准则要求企业运用资产负债表债务法进行所得税核算。资产负债表债务法通过比较资产负债的计税基础计算出应纳税暂时性差异和可抵扣暂时性差异,进而确认当期递延所得税,调整当期的所得税费用,所得税费用的调整会影响企业当期的净利润,进而影响股东的每股收益。因此,暂时性差异会影响企业的盈利能力。本文采用统计分析方法,分析新所得税准则对上市公司盈利能力的影响。     

信贷资源配置机制与微观企业盈利能力——基于行业数据的实证研究

信贷资源倾斜能否有效改善企业盈利能力,以及企业信贷优势形成背后的逻辑机理和微观影响,不仅关系到对产业赶超和金融抑制政策的效果评价,也对当前中国工业部门的转型升级具有重要借鉴意义。本文以同质化、低库存、小半径的水泥行业为研究对象,基于中国工业企业数据库提供的大样本数据,对微观企业盈利能力的影响因素以及信贷优势的形成机制进行实证研究。研究发现：（1）以信贷资源倾斜配置为核心的政策性扶持体系实质上拖累了企业盈利能力,政府干预和金融抑制最终会破坏行业竞争机制并造成微观效率损失;（2）水泥企业的信贷优势更多由政企关系、银企关系等非市场化因素主导,而与运营效率和宏观景气等市场化因素相背离,信贷资源的非市场化配置是导致其微观影响效果扭曲的关键所在。因此,推动金融领域供给侧结构性改革、规范政企关系对改善企业盈利能力和实现制造业转型升级至关重要。     

创业板无形资产的价值相关性——来自创业板公司的经验证据

随着知识经济时代的来临,无形资产将在经济舞台上发挥更加重要的作用.论文着眼于分析无形资产对于我国创业板公司的贡献程度,经过实证研究发现：第一,现阶段我国创业板公司的无形资产无法有效提升其盈利能力;第二,市场没有对创业板公司的无形资产给予显著正向的评价;第三,相对于无形资产,有形资产对创业板公司的贡献更大.以上结论说明,目前我国创业板市场公司的无形资产整体质量一般,与发达国家以高新技术企业为代表的二板市场仍有不小差距.     

论事业单位财务管理

综述了目前事业单位财务管理仍然存在的诸多问题,并针对这些问题就如何规范财务主体的行为、堵塞漏洞、节约财政资金、提高经济运行质量,提出了具体的建议和措施。     

Annual report readability, current earnings, and earnings persistence

This paper examines the relation between annual report readability and firm performance and earnings persistence. I measure the readability of public company annual reports using the Fog index from the computational linguistics literature and the length of the document. I find that: (1) the annual reports of firms with lower earnings are harder to read (i.e., they have a higher Fog index and are longer); and (2) firms with annual reports that are easier to read have more persistent positive earnings.     

关于银行业金融机构破产的相关问题研究

2008年美国次贷危机引发的全球金融危机将世界经济带入了谷底,银行破产问题成为国内外金融界热议的话题,备受瞩目。随着金融创新的不断发展,银行业开放程度的加深以及我国经济转型的深入,银行将面对更加复杂的环境,面临更加严峻的挑战,风险和危机需要重点关注,因此,银行破产问题的重要性愈发凸显。本文拟就银行破产有关问题做简单探讨。     

Financial development convergence

We show that credit levels relative to GDP and other measures for financial development tend to converge across countries over time. The results are obtained using a broad sample of countries over many years and controlling for the quality of country-level institutions, the efficiency of financial institutions, and a range of macroeconomic variables. While we find evidence for convergence in the broad sample, we show that it levels off when countries reach a medium level of financial development. At high levels of financial development, convergence slows down even more and becomes negligible.     

A re-examination of China’s share issue privatization

Previous studies show that in contrast to evidence that share issue privatization (SIP) in most other countries have improved firm profitability, China’s SIP of the 1990s had no such effect. We argue that the main reason for the failure of China’s SIP is likely to have been the weak institutional environment in place at that time. We examine China’s SIP in a more recent period in which the institutional environment was greatly improved. Using a matching sample method, we find that SIP firms continued to experience negative post-SIP profitability changes in our sample period. However, their performance decline was significantly less than that of their matched non-SIP SOEs. We also find that the introduction of the independent director rule helped to improve firm performance. Our results reconcile the findings of the SIP effect in China with international evidence and illustrate the importance of a developed capital market to ensuring the success of privatization schemes.     

The performance of banks in the MENA region during the global financial crisis

This paper examines the impact of the global financial crisis on the banking sector in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, as well as the main determinants of the profitability of both domestic and foreign banks. The empirical findings suggest that during the crisis the former outperformed the latter in that region. As for the determinants of profitability, size does not appear to play a role, whilst the liquidity ratio and net interest revenues seem to have a negative and positive effect respectively; GDP has a positive effect in the case of domestic banks.     

企业增长状态的三维测度及其财务后果——来自中国制造业上市公司实证证据

从增长同步性、增长稳健性和增长稳定性三个维度测度企业增长状态,并以我国制造业上市公司2010~2012年财务数据为样本,考察了企业增长状态的财务后果。研究发现,增长同步性、增长稳定性均显著提高了公司盈利能力并降低了财务风险,而实际增长率与可持续增长率的偏离度与盈利能力显著负相关,与财务风险显著正相关。