新中国农业合作制度形成的经济学解释

新中国的农业合作化是由国家主导的非连续的强制性制度变迁。从经济学的角度分析,这一制度的形成是多种因素共同作用的结果,即马列主义通过合作化对农业进行社会主义改造以实现生产资料公有制的社会主义理论对中国共产党的影响,毛泽东本人对农业合作化的坚定支持,获取制度外收益的利益驱动以及农民的合作降低了制度变迁的成本。     

农民财产性收入增长的制度障碍及其化解

本文运用制度分析方法研究了农民财产性收入增长的制度障碍,指出农民缺乏财产性收入并不是因为农民家庭没有财产,而是因为农民家庭所拥有的财产缺乏合法所有权制度的保障,这使得农民家庭拥有的资源是一种僵化资产,无法转化为能够带来价值增值的资本。因此,解决农民财产性收入增长问题的关键是建立起一种能够将农民拥有的资产转化为资本的所有权制度。     

中小企业上市公司财务评价及成长状况分析

本文以深交所中小企业板块27家上市公司为样本，从盈利与成长角度，全面地分析中小企业财务现状。采用横向对比的方法，概述中小企业板块上市公司的财务状况，采用纵向分析的方法，考量中小企业板上市公司成长状况，从财务角度为中小企业的成长研究以厦政府政策制定提供依据。     

Is globalization detrimental to financial development? Further evidence from a very large emerging economy with significant orientation towards policies

This study attempts to explore the relationship between globalization and financial development by endogenizing economic growth, population density, inflation and institutional quality for India during the period from 1971–2013. Using the more conclusivecombined cointegration method, the study provides evidence of cointegration among these variables. The long-run and short-run estimates from the ARDL model and causality tests, respectively, suggest that globalization in its all forms (political, social and economic) and its overall measure as well as inflation are detrimental to financial development, while economic growth and population density both promote financial development. Furthermore, the results also point out that institutional quality is not conducive to financial development in India, and there exists a feedback effect between financial development and inflation. Moreover, financial development is influenced by economic growth, institutional quality and population density.     

基于当前失地农民就业保障体系存在问题的制度经济学分析

失地农民作为弱势群体所面临的就业困难,是现阶段中国社会主义市场经济建设与构建和谐社会亟待解决的重大问题。从制度经济学的角度分析,地方政府发展理念的不科学、征地安置政策目标缺少“可持续生计”、政府公共服务行政职能缺位、就业服务缺乏针对性等,是失地农民的就业与再就业工作中存在的主要问题。     

民族地区财政体制改革走向的现实分析——兼议民族区域自治与“省直管县”的相容性

＂省直管县＂财政管理体制改革是突破现行财政体制弊端的重大实践,是行政体制改革的有机组成部分,也是完善分税制改革、提高财政运行绩效的必然选择。在民族地区,民族区域自治与＂省直管县＂财政体制是否相容这一问题引起了众多学者的讨论。本文认为,民族区域自治与＂省直管县＂财政体制存在理论上和法理上的相容性,两者并行不悖。在保持民族性与区域性的基础上,民族地区应适时推进＂省直管县＂财政体制的同向性改革。     

当前我国中小企业发行债券分析

当前我国短券与企业债之间的竞争格局使得中小企业发行债券具有可能性,但市场时机、信用评级、发行主体和定价机制等现实问题仍是其发行难点。通过回顾美国垃圾债券的兴衰史与日韩债券市场的挤压效应,认为中小企业发债在优化公司债券发行顺序、创新集合发债模式、设立垃圾债券基金、完善债券定价机制等方面值得探索。     

Rating of Network-Integrated Corporations

While conventional rating systems are still focused on individual companies, in reality stand-alone business of a single enterprise respectively debtor is more likely the exception than the rule. Joint business activities of two or more companies (organizational networks) are becoming ubiquitous and have a critical influence on each partners’ success. In order to avoid that rating that turns into some rather useless ritual, network characteristics, such as network assets, network capital, network securities, network management competency, network business opportunities and network structure have to be taken into account when evaluating solvency of a network-embedded corporation. Using primary credit cooperatives as an illustrative object, this paper gives an overview on those new rating criteria becoming relevant in conjunction with network-embeddedness, so that workable opportunities can be shown to improve the reliability of ratings.      

主体功能区构建与制度创新:国外典型经验及启示

随着全国和省级主体功能区规划陆续出台,该领域的研究已成为各界关注的热点。依历史脉络,在总结和评述发达国家自20世纪50年代以来在构建主体功能区方面的典型经验和做法的基础上,提出兼顾主体功能区规划的适应性和灵活性、注重渐进性和层次性、提供法律保证、积极寻求有利于主体功能区构建的制度安排,尤其是在主体功能区之间构建生态修复补偿和生态贡献补偿双重生态补偿机制等建议,有利于我国主体功能区规划的制度创新与顺利推进。     

Empirical Analysis Based on Governance and Performance in SmaU and Medium Plate Companies of Different Nature of Ownership

根据中小板公司治理与绩效关系的特征和现有研究的缺陷,采用偏相关分析方法,比较不同所有权性质的企业治理特征对其绩效影响的差异,并提出完善中小板公司治理的对策。     

基于不同所有权性质的中小板公司治理与绩效的实证分析

根据中小板公司治理与绩效关系的特征和现有研究的缺陷,采用偏相关分析方法,比较不同所有权性质的企业治理特征对其绩效影响的差异,并提出完善中小板公司治理的对策。     

单体银行、制度协调与中小企业融资

中小企业资金的严重短缺是目前阻碍中小企业发展的最为沉重的桎梏,造成了比较深广的经济影响和社会损失。由此提出一种直接的道德诉求,即从社会获取帮助。但是,从现实的政策及其实施效果看,商业银行不可能对融资成本较高的中小企业提供实质性的帮助。将民间借贷制度化为单体银行使其可以在制度内与其他商业银行共存竞争,不失为一种尝试性的解决途径。     

Research and development in the growth process

This paper introduces into Schumpeterian growth theory an important element of heterogeneity in the structure of innovative activity—namely, the distinction between research and development. We construct a simple model of growth to investigate how the (steady-state) rate of growth affects and is affected by the relative mix between research and development. Although we assume for simplicity that the total supply of innovative activity is given it turns out that, with one important exception, the growth rate responds to most parameter changes in the same way as in previous models where growth was determined by the total amount of innovative activity. In particular, the level of research tends to covary positively with the rate of growth, even in the extreme case where the general knowledge that underlies long-run growth is created only by secondary innovations arising from the development process. The exception concerns the effects of competition on growth. Although simpler Schumpeterian growth models implied that increased competition would reduce growth by reducing the incentive to innovate, introducing the distinction between research and development implies that this effect is likely to be reversed.     

The institutional dynamics of early modern Eurasian trade: The commenda and the corporation

The focus of this article is on legal-economic institutions that organized early-modern Eurasian trade. It identifies two such institutions that had divergent dispersion patterns, the corporation and the commenda. The corporation ended up as a uniquely European institution that did not migrate until the era of European colonization. The commenda that originated in Arabia migrated all the way to Western Europe and to China. The article explains their divergent dispersion based on differences in their institutional and geographical environments and on dynamic factors, claiming that institutional analysis errs when it ignores migration of institutions and providing building blocks for the modeling of institutional migration.     

民营上市公司治理存在的问题与对策

随着公司在数量上的日益增长,建立完善的资本市场已迫在眉睫。上市公司组成了资本市场,资本市场与上市公司的发展紧密相关,而公司治理则决定了上市公司的发展,如何治理好公司对发展资本市场至关重要。民营公司是市场经济发展的生力军,是国民经济的重要组成部分。文章针对我国民营上市公司治理存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策建议。