零售商公平关切对收益共享契约供应链协调作用的影响研究

文章基于渠道竞争和品牌竞争同时存在的供应链结构,探讨零售商公平关切行为对收益共享契约协调效果的影响.通过模型构建和数值仿真,对零售商采取和不采取公平关切行为时收益共享契约下的供应链总体收益水平进行比较,发现:零售商公平关切行为对收益共享契约供应链协调效果的影响,与零售商期望利润分配比θ、制造商批发价和网络渠道商品定价水平有关.研究结果对上述供应链结构下,供应链成员如何优化收益共享契约的协调效果具有一定的参考价值.     

生产者责任延伸制下销售一回收型闭环供应链收益共享契约研究

针对由单个制造商和单个销售商所组成的销售－回收型闭环供应链,在生产者延伸责任（ EPR）制度下,制造商委托销售商销售产品,同时制造商承担实施EPR制度的成本。考虑产品的销量、回收量均受实施EPR制成本影响的基础上,从最大化供应链利润和最大化EPR绩效水平两个视角设计收益共享协调契约,该收益共享契约能实现两个视角下闭环供应链的协调,有助于供应链成员在实施EPR制度的同时提高利润,从而激励供应链成员实施EPR制度,积极参与废旧品的回收。     

基于数量损耗的生鲜电商供应链协调研究

针对单一生鲜供应商和单一生鲜电商组成的二级供应链,通过Stackberg博弈模型和供应链契约理论分析3种模式下的供应链最优收益、生鲜农产品采购数量、生鲜电商单位农产品销售价格、生鲜电商自营物流服务水平.结果表明:生鲜损耗率在一定区间时,协调后的供应链利润总大于协调前;契约参数满足一定条件时,"收益共享+成本共担"的混合契约可以协调生鲜电商供应链,实现双方的帕累托改进.     

制造商与网络零售商之供应链回购契约协调研究——基于Stackelberg博弈分析

运用基于经典报童问题的回购契约协调由单一制造商和单一网络零售商构成二阶供应链。构建stackelberg博弈模型和供应链整合模型,并求解算例,据此讨论双方如何运用回购契约,通过调整变量和参数来协调供应链的利润分配并实现供应链的最佳绩效。研究表明,作为主导方的制造商若同时提升批发价和更高倍率的补贴价,自身利润和供应链的总利润将会增加,供应链绩效也会得以改善,但跟随者网络零售商的利润会有所下降。     

面向再制造的废旧电子产品回收定价和收入共享契约研究

考虑由制造商、分销商和零售商组成的废旧电子产品回收再制造三级闭环供应链。首先在分散决策和集中决策两种情况下,对零售商分别基于自身利润最大化和供应链整体利润最大化建立了数学模型,得到了零售商回收废旧电子产品的最优定价,随后针对再制造产品建立了收入共享契约模型,并对收入共享契约参数进行了求解。     

政府干涉下双渠道营销的闭环供应链协调

在销售的产品存在价格差异的情形下建立了双渠道营销闭环供应链博弈模型。为了研究政府的干涉措施对双渠道闭环供应链的影响,分别构建了政府干涉前后的分散决策模型,通过求解模型得到了供应链中成员的最优决策及利润,以及制造商利润与政府奖惩力度的临界关系,并以集中决策下的结果作为基准,提出了改进的二部定价契约协调供应链。通过模型之间的比较分析,结合数值算例,得到政府对制造商的干涉措施能够有效提高废旧产品的回收率,而二部定价契约能够有效协调政府干涉下的双渠道闭环供应链。最后,对系统中主要参数进行了灵敏度分析。     

基于返利契约的电动汽车供应链协调策略研究

电动汽车相较于燃油汽车尚属于新兴产品,返利契约作为一种激励措施广泛存在于电动汽车供应链中。文章基于销售返利契约下电动汽车供应链协调策略问题,构建了不考虑返利契约情形下电动汽车供应链集中决策、分散决策模型以及基于返利契约的两种电动汽车决策模型。探讨了考虑电动汽车产品绿色度和电动汽车销售价格下销售返利契约对电动汽车供应链绩效的影响。两种基于返利契约的电动汽车供应链契约模型为:电动汽车制造商给消费者返利与收益共享契约模型、下游返利契约模型。并分析了两种契约结构的有效性和灵活性。研究发现,两种契约结构能使电动汽车供应链协调并提高电动汽车供应链整体绩效,能够使电动汽车制造商与零售商获得更多收益。给出了两种契约结构下的电动汽车制造商与零售商的利润空间。利用数值算例分析方法验证说明所得结果。     

政府补贴下考虑零售商竞争的供应链决策研究

为研究政府补贴制造商生产成本下零售商竞争对供应链决策的影响,考虑政府补贴率和零售商竞争强度两个因素,建立3种供应链决策模型,分析政府补贴系数和零售商竞争强度对供应链决策的影响。结果表明,零售商竞争会使零售价格提高,而不影响制造商的批发价,竞争越激烈,供应链各成员的定价和利润越低。在3种供应链决策模型下,竞争强度和政府补贴对制造商利润的影响程度最高。     

供应商产能有限的供应链建模及协调

文章研究有一个零售商及一个有促销行为的供应商组成供应链协调问题。利用博弈论及比较静态分析法,得到如下结论：零售商的订货量随供应商促销努力水平的增加;批发合同契约不能协调该供应链,在批发合同以及促销成本分担契约的合同参数满足一定条件时供应链达到协调。数值算例显示：集中控制的供应链能够极大的提高供应链利润,因此供应链协调问题研究即具有的理论意义,也具有现实意义。     

公平偏好和商业信用下的SDN契约协调

本文探讨了公平偏好行为因素对SDN收益共享契约协调的影响。并通过模型分析,给出供应商和零售商在公平偏好影响下的最优契约设计参数,及零售商的最优订购策略。研究发现,当满足一定参数范围,在公平偏好影响下,SDN收益共享契约仍能实现协调。最后,通过数值仿真,分析了模型参数变化对最优订货策略和各主体利润的影响。     

Penetration and Post-infection Development of Meloidogyne Incognita on Tobacco as Treated by Rhizobacteria Pseudomonas Fluorescens Strain P-72-10

The bio-control potential of rhizospere bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens against plant-parasite nematode had been demonstrated. P. fluorescens had shown the effect to enhance tobacco resistance to root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Inoculation with P. fluoreseens in tobacco could lead to significant reductions in the number of juveniles that penetrated tobacco root and further life stage development of the juveniles. The number of juveniles penetrated into tobac- co root in treatment with P. fluorescens is significantly different from CK at 2DAI, 6DAI, 8DAI and 10DAI. Significant reduction and delayed development of juveniles that penetrated into tobacco root and treated were observed in treatment at 14DAI, 21DAI, 28DAI and 35DAI. In addition, P. fluoreseens treatment leads to a significant reduction in the number of eggs per egg-mass at 35 DAI. The results show P. fluorescens induced a continuously suppression on root-knot nema- tode M. incognita throughout their entire early infection phase of root penetration, subsequent life stage development and reproduction.     

利用膜技术回收利用碱性废水研究进展

回顾了利用膜分离技术处理碱性废水的工艺与综合利用技术所取得的丰硕成果，总结了各种治理方法的特点、适用性及发展方向。     

Taxing Times in Indonesia: The Challenge of Restoring Competitiveness and the Search for Fiscal Space

Indonesia’s economic growth picked up slightly in mid-2016 but remains below the level demanded by government and popular aspirations. Despite a plethora of reforms intended to increase efficiency and productivity, some policies are perverse and longstanding problems of implementation remain. The share of manufacturing has declined, the real exchange rate has appreciated, exports have dwindled, and growth has been trending downwards. The banking sector is stable but inefficient, with wide net interest margins and numerous barriers to competition. Trade protection, particularly in basic food commodities, has created high costs that weigh particularly heavily on the poor. Declining government revenues have placed increasing pressure on the public budget, even as the current administration aims to increase spending on infrastructure and welfare and to enhance productivity. In an effort to increase revenues, the government has announced a tax amnesty program and other measures. In addition, Sri Mulyani Indrawati, the new finance minister, has taken steps to cut non-essential expenditure in order to secure high spending on infrastructure and at the same time keep within the 3% budget deficit limit stipulated by law. Although the overall debt situation is not yet alarming, declining revenues and budget cuts that do not fully reflect this decline are putting pressure on increasing debt levels. The government’s high-profile tax amnesty program was the major policy initiative implemented in the second half of 2016 that aimed to relieve this pressure. Despite widespread criticism of, and scepticism about, the tax amnesty (both within and outside Indonesia), its first phase had a much higher participation rate than most independent accounts expected. Revenues raised so far through the amnesty are less than 60% of the official target, but this is actually a strong result for the short term. The bigger question, however, is whether the amnesty is a key element of a more encompassing strategy to overhaul the system of taxation and tax administration.     

The causes of Japan's ‘lost decade’: The role of household consumption

In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.     

我国发展天文旅游的条件、前景探析及策略思考

天文旅游资源从成因可以分为行星地球天文旅游资源、天体天文旅游资源和天文文化旅游资源三类。天文旅游方兴未艾,我国天文旅游具有很大发展前景。文章对我国开展天文旅游的条件进行了分析,对发展天文旅游的策略和措施进行了梳理。     

城市社会的开放与农民的城市化

城市社会在对农民的开放与封闭之中徘徊。改革开放后城市社会对农民的开放已经使很多农民城市化。城市社会对农民的封闭已由政策性封闭转向经济性封闭。城市社会对农民的封闭增加了农民城市化的成本和社会风险。必须加强城市社会对农民的开放,逐步消除对农民的封闭政策,以推进农民的城市化。     

信息化时代商学院图书馆的建设与发展——中、美四大名校商学院图书馆建设的比较与启示

信息化时代中美商学院图书馆的建设与发展,成为当今时代高等商学教育发展与进步的一个重要环节,对中美四大商学院图书馆的发展状况、差距进行分析比较,对促进我国商学院图书馆事业的改革、建设和发展具有一定的启示作用和参考价值。