Ethical Differentiation and Consumption in an Incentivized Market Experiment

In surveys consumers express preferences for ethical goods. Some authors claim, however, that survey responses do not translate into actual costly purchase behavior. To study if ethical consumption and differentiation occur in an incentive-compatible setting, this paper implements a design of an incentivized market experiment, which has been studied in the context of homogenous goods and both theoretically and experimentally engenders a dynamic of price decrease. This experiment establishes that ethical differentiation can be an effective strategy for sellers with ethically motivated buyers; and, although there is an ethical price premium, it accrues to the charity rather than to the seller.     

Unfolding implementation in industrial market segmentation

Market segmentation is an important method of strategic marketing and constitutes a cornerstone of the marketing literature. It has undergone extensive scientific inquiry during the past 50 years. Reporting on an extensive review of the market segmentation literature, the challenging task of implementing industrial market segmentation is discussed and unfolded in this article. Extant literature has identified segmentation implementation as a core challenge for marketers, but also one, which has received limited empirical attention. Future research opportunities are formulated in this article to pave the way towards closing this gap. The extent of implementation coverage is assessed and various notions of implementation are identified. Implementation as the task of converting segmentation plans into action (referred to as execution) is identified as a particularly beneficial focus area for marketing management. Three key elements and challenges connected to execution of market segmentation are identified — organization, motivation, and adaptation.     

程序代码转换技术的研究与实现

程序代码转换技术是程序代码抄袭检测技术中的一个重要部分。程序代码转换技术就是把一个程序看作一个文本串,然后再通过一定的文法分析将这个文本串转换成描述程序基本信息的标记串的过程。目前已有多个较有效的抄袭检测系统,如：Jplag,MOSS,YAP等等,但是这些系统中对如何把程序代码进行转换成串的,并没有详细的介绍。本文针对这种情况设计了一个实验系统来实现程序代码转换技术,并进行了验证。     

Investment under economic and implementation uncertainty

Some investment decisions are exposed to uncertainty over their implementation phase apart from the underlying economic uncertainty. We provide a general way of introducing implementation uncertainty, which includes prior research as a special case. The generality of our treatment stems from the fact that implementation uncertainty is allowed to affect both the level and the timing of project profitability. In a case explicitly addressed, implementation uncertainty might even cause earlier investment if the probability of uncertainty resolution exceeds the opportunity cost of delaying investment. Investment will be earlier, the higher the effect of uncertainty resolution on project profitability.     

供电企业客户营销层次及策略研究

通过时供电企业客户关系营销层次的界定与选择以及客户关禾价值确立的分析,提出了针对用电企业来讲供电企业所采取的营销组合方法以及相应的营销策略。     

An exploratory study into brand alignment in B2B relationships

B2B relationships are characterized by strategic partnerships between firms and the suppliers of goods and services integral to their offerings. Failure to choose the right partner could jeopardize the survival of both partners. While a number of studies suggest that partnering firms need to be aligned operationally, few studies look at whether there should be alignment between the brands of firms and their suppliers. Therefore, we build on existing studies on sexual selection to develop a theory of whether similarity in brand attributes affects the success of B2B relationships. We propose that firms wishing to portray particular brand images to their customers choose suppliers whose images mirror their own. To develop our proposition, we investigate the brand personality alignment between well-known firms and their suppliers in four industries. The findings of our analysis have significant implications for scholars and managers interested in the nature and success of B2B partnerships.     

股票市场出现结构性分化的原因及趋势

2009年至2010年,我国股票市场出现明显的结构性分化,小市值股票的走势明显强于大盘蓝筹股,其主要原因是投资者结构出现变化,私募基金兴起而公募基金相对衰落。     

Diagnosing and treating operational and implementation barriers in synoptic marketing planning

Strategic marketing planning is now widely adopted by business-to-business organizations. While marketing planning principles are well established, practitioners attempting to implement the process often find their progress impeded by a variety of barriers. These barriers are explored through a review of published evidence and case study analysis of several organizations. This analysis exposes three levels of barriers to effective business-to-business marketing planning, relating to (i) organizational infrastructure, (ii) the planning process and (iii) implementation. These barriers reflect the synoptic nature of planning in many organizations. The findings lead to the development of a practitioner-oriented diagnostic and treatment tool which guides managers through the marketing planning process. Although this diagnostic deals specifically with issues which are relevant to the marketing planner, its wider implications for strategic planning are also explored.     

Accessing antecedents and outcomes of RFID implementation in health care

This research first conceptualizes, develops, and validates four constructs for studying RFID in health care, including Drivers (Internal and External), Implementation Level (Clinical Focus and Administrative Focus), Barriers (Cost Issues, Lack of Understanding, Technical Issues, and Privacy and Security Concerns), and Benefits (Patient Care, Productivity, Security and Safety, Asset Management, and Communication). Data for the study were collected from 88 health care organizations and the measurement scales were validated using structural equation modeling. Second, a framework is developed to discuss the causal relationships among the above mentioned constructs. It is found that Internal Drivers are positively related to Implementation Level, which in turn is positively related to Benefits and Performance. In addition, Barriers are found to be positively related to Implementation Level, which is in contrast to the originally proposed negative relationship. The research also compares perception differences regarding RFID implementation among the non-implementers, future implementers, and current implementers of RFID. It is found that both future implementers and current implementers consider RFID barriers to be lower and benefits to be higher compared to the non-implementers. This paper ends with our research implications, limitations and future research.     

金融危机环境下隧道股份的战略实施与动态管理

在全球金融危机的环境下,隧道股份在危机中寻求机遇。为了更好的应对市场变化,隧道股份制定了详尽的战略规划。文章介绍了隧道股份战略规划的步骤和“十一五”战略报告的内容。论述了公司战略实施中的关键要点和实现途径,着重介绍了PVC商智系统的应用以及公司战略动态管理。对隧道股份的发展历程和所取得的成绩进行了回顾,对未来发展进行了展望。     

深化认识 走出误区 树立和落实科学发展观

基层企业如何树立和落实科学发展观,是一个重大的理论课题,本文从工作实践出发,阐述了要深刻领会科学发展观的内容,走出认识上的误区,以及树立和落实科学发展观,认真抓好四个方面的工作,做到放眼全球和未来,立足和谐发展和可持续发展,实现各种效益的有机统一.     

技术标准的宣贯与执行

作者根据多年设计标准编制、宣贯和执行方面的经验和体会,针对目前在标准执行方面的问题,提出标准执行的准确与否缘于宣贯力度的看法.     

贯标工作的实践与思考

结合长江水利委员会水文局贯标工作的实践,阐述了搞好转变思想观念、准确掌握体系文件、持续改进等方面是贯标工作的关键与基础。文章还就贯标工作应特别注意的几个问题进行了论述。     

Advertising with Subjective Horizontal and Vertical Product Differentiation

In this paper, we analyze the impact of advertising on markets wheresubjective horizontal and vertical product differentiation are important. A simple model showshow advertising can be used to create subjective horizontal and vertical differentiation.The model predicts that firms are likely to be symmetric when advertising creates subjective horizontaldifferentiation and that name and generic brands are most likely to coexist in markets whereadvertising creates subjective vertical differentiation. In all cases, the ability toadvertise creates distance between products which increases the market power of firms. Finally, severalreal world examples are used to illustrate the conditions under which the model is most relevant.     

A Dynamic Model of Advertising and Product Differentiation

This paper analyses a differential game of duopolisticrivalry through time where firms can use advertisingand price as competitive tools. Two cases are consideredwhereby: (1) advertising has the main effect ofincreasing market size and firms differ in productionefficiency; (2) advertising has both predatory and cooperativeeffects in a symmetric market. The former shows thatmarket shares and advertising shares are positivelycorrelated and that market size increases with thedifference in firms' relative efficiency. The latterhighlights the differences in the feedback andopen-loop strategies. It is shown that firms' advertisingare strategic complements and that profits are higherin the feedback equilibrium because firms advertise more.The applicability of the model in markets wherefranchise contracts and dealership agreements operateis also discussed.     

建设监理投资控制程序开发的探索与实践

介绍了目前投资控制程序开发的现状,以投资控制程序应具有的功能为基础,探索了用Excel编制分项投资控制程序和用Microsoft C编制工程款支付管理程序,并进行了实践应用。     

ERP系统调研、开发、实施过程中的风险规避

在改革开放和国际化竞争日益激烈的今天，ERP已经成了一个既严肃又时髦的名词。从国内软件厂商争先恐后大谈ERP，到祖国大江南北巡展ERP，一时间ERP从冷僻的生词变成妇孺皆知的热门话题。厂商大谈利用ERP的成功之道，把ERP描述和像一朵花一样，甚至说成企业实行ERP马上就具有国际竞争力；用户也被鼓励起来总结经验及教训，不少第三方更有的是想法，不断煽风点火，ERP似乎成为了企业摆脱危机的救命稻草，企业成功的必由之路。也许，大部分企业高层管理人员都知道，ERP系统的实施对企业整合资源、提高管理水平具有重要的意义和价值…     

Moving from basic offerings to value-added solutions: Strategies, barriers and alignment

Commoditization erodes the competitive differentiation of companies and often leads to a profit squeeze. Existing literature recommends the transition from basic product offerings to service-based value concepts in order to regain competitiveness in such a context. This paper explores the concrete efforts of suppliers in the commoditized electro-technical industry to create new non-price-based customer value. In this paper, a taxonomy of efforts is developed which builds on the competitive strategy and strategic marketing literature. Our research identifies barriers to the market introduction of these new value concepts. Observations in this industry lead to a framework that (1) proposes alternative step-by-step strategies for making the transition from basic products to service-based solutions, and (2) offers alignment suggestions for overcoming identified barriers. Migration paths to introducing new service-based value concepts are incremental rather than radical, and managers should complement their market approach with (a) value chain actions to create multilevel industry support and (b) an organizational alignment approach.     

Assessing and strengthening internal alignment of new marketing units: An interpretative tool

Business-to-business (B2B) marketing is a complex field requiring companies to put in place organizational units that are able to handle multifaceted interaction processes at the customer interface. Moreover, B2B marketing is characterized by high levels of technological, institutional etc. change. As a consequence, and in order to adapt to new market conditions, companies create new organizational units to take over tasks such as key account management, category management or social media management. These new units are developed within the pre-existing organization. Typically, these new units also display a high degree of cross-functionality since their activities are interdependent with the activities of other units. Hence, the question of alignment is of major importance. In this conceptual paper, we provide a framework for both scholarly research and managerial application. It is based on the concept of frame alignment and offers a lens allowing analyzing internal aligning processes for new B2B marketing units.     

项目文化建设的实施障碍及对策探讨

针对建筑业常见的利益冲突问题及对抗性的项目文化,提出了建设基于信任、合作的项目文化的重要意义。从项目文化磁场的角度分析了项目文化的形成机理,得出通过项目文化建设来加快制度建设与实施新型项目管理模式的可行性,并以此为基础,从项目核心文化建设、组织模式变革及信息技术应用、组织文化塑造等方面提出了项目文化建设的对策及建议,旨在促进传统项目管理模式的变革,提高项目管理水平。