食品中蛋白质的含量方法测定

人体需要的营养素有七大类:矿物质、脂类、蛋白质、维生素、碳水化合物、水和膳食纤维。其中,蛋白质是维系人体生命体征的基础物质。测定食品中蛋白质的含量,在当前的营养学和临床医学方面发挥着不可忽视的作用。本文基于蛋白质的基本性质,探讨4种蛋白质含量的主要测定方法,以期为大家提供更多的蛋白质测定方法作为参考。     

探究传统营养学的起源和发展

我国传统营养学的发展经历了由无到有、由简单到复杂的过程。传统营养学是指以中医理论的指导为基础条件,通过对食物的研究,达到帮助人们强身健体和预防疾病的目的,同时,也能促进人们身体逐渐康复。本文主要探究传统营养学的起源和发展的过程,致力于清晰地展现我国传统营养学的发展脉络。     

浅谈烹饪过程中对食物营养素的保护

生活中的食物原料均含不同的营养素,烹饪将食材加工成色、香、味、形、质俱全的食物,利于人体消化吸收,保证身体的合理营养与健康。但食物经过烹饪加工后所含有营养素会有一定的改变,从而影响食物的营养价值。本文从烹饪过程食材营养流失、破坏等现象,就在烹饪过程中如何保护食物的营养素进行浅析。     

生产调合油——我国油脂企业的新希望

<正> 1 油脂概述 在人类生存所必需的8类营养素(蛋白质、油脂、糖类、维生素、矿物质、水、膳食纤维和氧气)中,蛋白质、油脂和糖类是“充饥”的主要营养素,因为它们在体内氧化代谢时能够释放热量,故称“供热营养素”或“大营养素”。它们是人类的基本“食粮”,其中油脂的发热量为9.3大卡/克,是蛋白质和糖类发热量的2.2倍和2.0倍,所以它是“供给能量的高手,果腹耐饥的骄子”。不仅如此,油脂还有多种生理功能:①为人体提供“必需脂肪酸(EFA)”。例如植物油中普遍含有的亚油(LA)就是最重     

食用油的合理调配

从营养学的角度讲,脂肪、碳水化合物、蛋白质为人体三大功能营养素。而脂肪酸是酯肪的主要组成部分,人体可以自身合成多种脂肪酸,但是有两种脂肪酸人体无法合成,只能从食物中摄取,因此被称作“必需脂肪酸”,这两种必需脂肪酸分别是亚油酸和α?亚麻酸。研究表明,包括“必需脂肪酸”在内,人体一天脂肪酸的50%来源是通过食用油得到的,食用油按来源可分为动物油和植物油。动物油以饱和脂肪酸为主,过量会导致动脉粥样硬化;而植物油以不饱和脂肪酸为主,基本上不含胆固醇。常见的植物油按种类分为:大豆油、菜籽油、粟米油、花生油、芝麻油和葵花籽…     

科技创造高利润 四年资产过亿

<正> 一、组建高效专家组实现"科技创新"大手笔董事长兼总经理王奉友多年来致力于蚂蚁的研究,他说:蚂蚁是个好东西,但是我们不能像前辈那样光吃死蚂蚁,或者吃蚂蚁干,那太原始了,应该用科学先进的方法,把蚂蚁体内的高效营养素提炼出来,再采用现代科技精制加工。为此,他首先抓的是科技创新。组建高素质人才队伍,这是创新的关键环节。王总从全国聘请了一批由生命科学、生物工程学、营养学、中医药学等学科方面的学者、教授组成科技专家委员会,使企业拥有了强大的科技后盾。在王奉友的率领下,十多位专家经过多年的潜心研究,终于攻克了蚂蚁营养素提纯技术。该提纯技术突破了以往单纯靠蚂蚁粉和蚂蚁酒调养机体的传统做法,实现了蚂蚁高新提纯     

保健数则

大千世界，健康价最高。失去了健康，就失去了一切。因此，我们应关注健康，避免一切损害健康的不良习惯。以下是维护身体健康的几个建议：■若想远离癌魔，就必须供给身体必要的营养素，以提高其免疫力和抵抗恶性肿瘤的能力。美国加利福尼亚大学研究人员建议，每天一定要吃５份含有叶酸、维生素B６和B１２、维生素C和E以及含有铁和锌等矿物质的蔬菜和水果。缺乏任何一种营养素都会使基因发生错乱，进而造成细胞紊乱，最终发生癌变。■低脂、低胆固醇饮食对成年人身体、特别是对心脏和血管具有积极的作用。但对婴幼儿无益。吃低脂奶的孩子…     

食品课程中对营养学教学的反思

对营养学的教学进行反思可以帮助教师进一步成长,但是调查显示,教师的营养学的教学反思并没有真正落实到位,而且教师的教学反思带有很强的主观色彩,太过于片面。为了提高教师对营养学的教学反思能力,促进营养学的教学反思内容达到客观标准,本次探究主要采取文献检索法,使教师的营养学的教学反思变得客观化和具体化。另外,在未来,教师可能需要具备数据分析能力。     

营养强化食品及其科学消费

随着社会经济发展和人民生活水平的提高,越来越多的人开始青睐于那些含有多种营养素,能预防多种慢性病的营养强化食品。本文介绍营养强化食品及其科学消费。     

蛋白质组学在营养学研究领域的应用价值探讨

蛋白质组学技术不仅克服了传统技术的局限性,而且在一定程度上能够对蛋白质进行详细地分析,逐步成为基础和应用研究的热门学科。近些年,蛋白质组学技术在营养学领域得到了广泛应用,且在一定程度上取得了很好的效果。本文从蛋白质组学的内涵入手,探讨蛋白质组学在营养学研究领域的应用价值。     

The current practices in food advertising

A content analysis and a quasi-experiment were performed to examine the current practices in food advertising, and the usage and the effectiveness of different advertising claims across two food categories (hedonic vs functional). The content analysis revealed that taste and specific nutrition claims are the two dominating types of advertising claims in recent food advertisements. Also, a greater proportion of advertisements for functional (vs hedonic) foods appeared to use such nutrition/health claims as general health and contains nutrient claims, whereas a greater proportion of advertisements for hedonic (vs functional) foods used taste claims. However, these current practices of food advertising were called into question by the results of the quasi-experiment, which showed that the nutrition/health claims were more effective when promoting hedonic (vs functional) foods, whereas taste claims were more effective when promoting functional (vs hedonic) foods in generating favourable attitudes and purchase intention. Implications, limitations and future research directions are discussed.     

黄酮类化合物对沙门氏菌的体外抑制

本研究以具有抗炎抑菌、抗氧化、抗辐射和增强免疫能力等生理活性作用的植物次生代谢产物——黄酮类化合物作为抑菌剂,通过抑菌圈测定、最小抑菌浓度(MIC)、最小杀菌浓度(MBC)测定比较柚皮素、芦丁、槲皮素三种黄酮类化合物对沙门氏菌体外抑菌效果,为获得新的食品防腐剂提供依据。实验结果表明,三种黄酮类化合物对沙门氏菌均具有不同程度的抑制作用。抑菌强弱顺序为槲皮素、芦丁、柚皮素。     

乙醇浸提法提取红薯茎叶总黄酮的研究

采用乙醇浸提法提取红薯茎叶中的黄酮,在前期单因素研究基础上,进行正交设计试验,得出乙醇浸提法提取红薯茎叶中黄酮的最佳工艺条件:乙醇浓度80%、提取时间3 h、提取温度70℃、料液比1∶40,在该条件下黄酮的提取率为0.831 6%。     

Why Do We Read On‐Pack Nutrition Information so Differently? A Typology of Reading Heuristics Based on Food Consumption Goals

While prior research has extensively studied nutrition labeling use and consumer errors of judgment in the nutrition evaluation process, less attention has been paid to the consumer motivations that simplify the reading of on‐pack nutrition information. To address this gap, this study examines how food consumption goals affect consumer reading of this information. On the basis of a qualitative study, eight food consumption goals have been identified and classified into four types of motivations which impact reading behaviors: “Food Optimization,” “Food Regulation,” “Food Gratification,” and “Food as Mere Necessity.” From this typology, we derive eight on‐pack nutrition information reading heuristics as well as specific inference biases resulting from these simplifying reading strategies. This research also provides guidelines for policymakers so that nutritional messages given to consumers will be more targeted in order to promote better reading of on‐pack nutrition information at the point of sales.     

The pitfall of nutrition facts label fluency: easier-to-process nutrition information enhances purchase intentions for unhealthy food products

This research examines the metacognitive effects of nutrition facts label clarity on food preferences. Two experiments show that, holding information content and comprehensibility constant, providing consumers with easier-to-process nutrition information increases purchase intentions for food products. The effect occurs not only for healthy (study 1) but also, and more ironically so, for unhealthy (study 1 and 2) food products. In addition, the latter fluency effect is found to be stronger among people scoring low in nutrition knowledge (study 2). These findings emphasize the consequences of delivering easily readable nutrition information to consumers. They also point to a potential pitfall of health prevention policies based on the simplification of nutrition labeling.     

Food,exercise and lifestyle: an initial teacher training perspective

All too often, we are told via the media that our children are overweight, under‐exercised and eating poor diets. This is disconcerting at the best of times but even more so when we, as a country, are reviewing our farming and food production practices. So what is our perception of food and how does this relate to the lives we lead? These questions were put to initial teacher‐trainees (ITT) at the University of Gloucestershire. They will be the teachers of tomorrow, playing a significant role in the development and lifestyles of our children. The answers received were varied; both encouraging and giving cause for concern. This paper describes an action research project based around the analysis of those answers in the light of current research into food and health. Throughout the paper, published research findings relating to school children's perception of food and nutrition are compared with the trainee teachers’ views. The comparison draws striking similarities. The implications of this point to the way we teach food and nutrition in schools and on our ITT programme at the University of Gloucestershire. Whilst praising the good practice that already exists, this paper recognises that there is a need to adequately equip trainee teachers, especially at primary level, to educate children towards a more holistic understanding of the food we eat and how it relates to the lifestyles we lead.     

低水分活度的预包装食品中菌落总数复查的研究

为了探讨食品抽检中菌落总数指标复检的可能性,通过对水活度较低的预包装食品乳粉、营养米粉、燕麦片、膨化食品、蜂蜜进行菌落总数测定,对低水分活度预包装食品菌落总数指标的稳定性进行分析。结果表明,同一批次、同一储存条件的未开封预包装食品在不同保存周期内菌落总数在统计学上无显著差异,本研究结果可为低水分活度预包装菌落总数的复查可行性提供参考依据。     

Effects on Nutrition Label Regulation on Consumer Choice

The U.S. government initiated food labeling reform in 1989, which culminated with the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) of 1990, emphasizing the provision of improved nutrition information on most food products. The goal of such labeling reform has been to provide consistent, readable, understandable and usable food labels that enable consumers to make more healthful food choices. This paper examines the theoretical impact of the new regulations on consumer food choice behavior. The paper first discusses the use and impact of food labels by/on consumers, and uses a choice model to desribe the effects of these new labels on consumer food choice decisions. In particular, the research focuses on two important food attributes, and the presence of information of these attributes through the new nutrition labels, which may influence consumer purchase behavior.     

大豆分离蛋白的功能特性、应用及营养价值

随着现代营养学和国际食品行业的发展趋势,优质植物蛋白——大豆分离蛋白,将成为21世纪促进人类健康的主流食品。开发植物蛋白系列食品符合我国国情和长期发展战略。本文介绍了大豆分离蛋白的部分功能特性、在食品行业的发展以及其主要营养价值。